摘要:
A mixing and combustion process for a compression ignition engine (10) creates an in-cylinder compressed gas charge of air and recirculated exhaust that has a temperature high enough to initiate and sustain combustion of diesel fuel that is subsequently injected. A fuel injector (26) injects diesel fuel directly into the charge using an injection pressure that is sufficiently great to cause fuel to be injected through each of multiple orifices arranged in a geometric pattern in a nozzle (42) of the fuel injector at an initial velocity that is great enough to cause the injected fuel in moving through the compressed gas charge to creates fuel/charge mixtures throughout a substantial portion of the respective combustion chamber before the kinematics of combustion can become effective to combust more than at most a relatively small amount of the injected fuel.
摘要:
A hybrid gaseous fueling system having a low pressure supply and a high pressure supply is disclosed. This system provides the advantages of fueling with a low pressure charge during steady state operation and also provides a way to more rapidly smooth engine transients resulting from changes in engine operating characteristics such as speed or load by modulating high pressure fueling of the engine. Furthermore, air/fuel ratio control may be readily integrated into this system. In addition, start-up of the engine is performed using more fuel from the high pressure supply than the low pressure supply up to a predetermined level of engine operation. At that level and beyond, low pressure fueling is greater than high pressure fueling.
摘要:
A system and method for estimating the effect of forced regeneration of a diesel particulate filter (22) by post-injection of fuel on fuel dilution of engine motor oil.
摘要:
A premixed charge compression ignition engine, and a control system, is provided which effectively initiates combustion by compression ignition and maintains stable combustion while achieving extremely low oxides of nitrogen emissions, good overall efficiency and acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressures. The present engine and control system effectively controls the combustion history, that is, the time at which combustion occurs, the rate of combustion, the duration of combustion and/or the completeness of combustion, by controlling the operation of certain control variables providing temperature control, pressure control, control of the mixture's autoignition properties and equivalence ratio control. The combustion control system provides active feedback control of the combustion event and includes a sensor, e.g. pressure sensor, for detecting an engine operating condition indicative of the combustion history, e.g. the start of combustion, and generating an associated engine operating condition signal. A processor receives the signal and generates control signals based on the engine operating condition signal for controlling various engine components to control the temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio and\or autoignition properties so as to variably control the combustion history of future combustion events to achieve stable, low emission combustion in each cylinder and combustion balancing between the cylinders.
摘要:
A premixed charge compression ignition engine, and a control system, is provided which effectively initiates combustion by compression ignition and maintains stable combustion while achieving extremely low nitrous oxide emissions, good overall efficiency and acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressures. The present engine and control system effectively controls the combustion history, that is, the time at which combustion occurs, the rate of combustion, the duration of combustion and/or the completeness of combustion, by controlling the operation of certain control variables providing temperature control, pressure control, control of the mixture's autoignition properties and equivalence ratio control. The combustion control system provides active feedback control of the combustion event and includes a sensor, e.g. pressure sensor, for detecting an engine operating condition indicative of the combustion history, e.g. the start of combustion, and generating an associated engine operating condition signal. A processor receives the signal and generates control signals based on the engine operating condition signal for controlling various engine components to control the temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio and\or autoignition properties so as to variably control the combustion history of future combustion events to achieve stable, low emission combustion in each cylinder and combustion balancing between the cylinders.
摘要:
A captive flying toy airplane is tethered to a boom pivotally mounted to a turntable for pivoting the boom for altitude adjustment of a toy airplane, the turntable being mounted to a pylon base housing containing drive gears therein. A control housing is provided to position first and second wire control members passing through a tube connected to the housing, one controller of the control housing varying the position of a slide wire rheostat to control the speed of the toy airplane, the second controller pivoting a bell crank through a vertical plane to control the position of an altitude control rod passing through the center of the turntable to effect pivoting of the boom. A sound cone mounted within the pylon has the apex portion engaging a circumferential ratchet surface on one of the drive gears for emitting a simulated motor sound proportional to the speed of rotation of the gear.
摘要:
A two-speed inertia motor having a pair of wheels secured to a common axis, one of the wheels being a drive wheel and having a gear portion coaxial therewith for selectively coupling to an inertia wheel through a first or second gear member for providing two-speed ratios between the rotation of the drive wheel and the inertia wheel. A main gear member is coupled to the drive wheel, the main gear member having a splined shaft portion for slidably receiving a clutch member for concurrent rotation therewith, the first and second gear members being freely rotatable on either side of said clutch member. Means are provided for shifting the clutch member into locking engagement with either the first gear member or the second gear member to secure the so-locked gear member into direct coupling relation between the drive wheel and the inertia wheel. The drive gear is coupled to the drive wheel to provide slippage therebetween in the event of successive torque being applied to the drive wheel to energize the inertia motor.
摘要:
A mixing and combustion process for a compression ignition engine (10) creates an in-cylinder compressed gas charge of air and recirculated exhaust that has a temperature high enough to initiate and sustain combustion of diesel fuel that is subsequently injected. A fuel injector (26) injects diesel fuel directly into the charge using an injection pressure that is sufficiently great to cause fuel to be injected through each of multiple orifices arranged in a geometric pattern in a nozzle (42) of the fuel injector at an initial velocity that is great enough to cause the injected fuel in moving through the compressed gas charge to creates fuel/charge mixtures throughout a substantial portion of the respective combustion chamber before the kinematics of combustion can become effective to combust more than at most a relatively small amount of the injected fuel.
摘要:
A system is provided for estimating engine exhaust temperature in accordance with an exhaust temperature model based on a number of engine operating parameters. In one embodiment, the engine exhaust temperature model is based on current values of engine speed, intake manifold temperature, mass charge flow, default fuel command parameters, and a first set of model constants. In an alternative embodiment, the engine exhaust temperature model is based on current values of engine speed, intake manifold temperature, intake manifold pressure, mass charge flow, default fueling parameters, and a second set of model constants including a lower heating value of fuel constant.
摘要:
A premixed charge compression ignition engine, and a control system, is provided which effectively initiates combustion by compression ignition and maintains stable combustion while achieving extremely low oxides of nitrogen emissions, good overall efficiency and acceptable combustion noise and cylinder pressures. The present engine and control system effectively controls the combustion history, that is, the time at which combustion occurs, the rate of combustion, the duration of combustion and/or the completeness of combustion, by controlling the operation of certain control variables providing temperature control, pressure control, control of the mixture's autoignition properties and equivalence ratio control. The combustion control system provides active feedback control of the combustion event and includes a sensor, e.g. pressure sensor, for detecting an engine operating condition indicative of the combustion history, e.g. the start of combustion, and generating an associated engine operating condition signal. A processor receives the signal and generates control signals based on the engine operating condition signal for controlling various engine components to control the temperature, pressure, equivalence ratio and/or autoignition properties so as to variably control the combustion history of future combustion events to achieve stable, low emission combustion in each cylinder and combustion balancing between the cylinders.