公开(公告)号：US5916529A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

申请号：US639054

申请日：1996-04-24

申请人： Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

发明人： Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： A method, and a reactor, for hydroprocessing a hydrocarbon feed stream through multistage moving catalyst beds contained within a single onstream reactor vessel, with separate catalyst addition and withdrawal systems for each of the multistages of moving catalyst beds. The reactor contains two or more different and distinct moving catalyst beds for any hydroprocessing application. The method includes serially passing, without leaving the reactor vessel, at least a partially treated hydrocarbon stream from one hydroconversion reaction zone containing a moving catalyst bed with a first set of catalytic characteristics to another hydroconversion reaction zone containing a moving catalyst bed with a second set of catalytic characteristics that differ in catalytic abilities from the first set of catalytic characteristics.

摘要翻译： 一种用于通过包含在单个上游反应器容器内的多级移动催化剂床加氢处理烃进料流的方法和反应器，以及用于每个多级移动的催化剂床的单独的催化剂添加和抽出系统。 反应器含有两种或多种不同且不同的移动催化剂床，用于任何加氢处理应用。 该方法包括在不离开反应器容器的情况下连续地使来自一个加氢转化反应区的至少一部分处理的烃流含有具有第一组催化特性的移动催化剂床与另一加氢转化反应区，该加氢转化反应区含有具有第二组的移动催化剂床 催化性能与第一组催化特性不同的催化特性。

公开(公告)号：US5302357A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-12

申请号：US14847

申请日：1993-02-08

申请人： David C. Kramer ,  Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

发明人： David C. Kramer ,  Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/02 ,  C10G45/20 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J8/08

CPC分类号： B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： On-stream catalyst replacement apparatus for countercurrent upstream flow of a gas and hydrocarbon liquid through a downward moving catalyst bed in a reactor vessel. A mixed feed stream of gas and liquid hydrocarbon components enters a reservoir formed between the lower end of the reactor and a conical screen supporting the lower end of a catalyst bed. A wall across the vessel divides the reservoir into a lower surge chamber for receiving the mixed feed and an upper plenum chamber for separating the components into alternate feed rings of gas and hydrocarbon liquid under the conical screen. The mixed feed enters the plenum chamber through a plurality of tubes extending downwardly from the wall to the same depth in the surge chamber that prevents establishing preferential paths for gas to independently enter the plenum chamber. Excessive separation of the gas and liquid components from the mixed feed in the plenum chamber is prevented by use of a plurality of concentric baffles abutting the underside of the conical screen and which are closely spaced apart only sufficient to create adjacent and alternate feed rings of gas and liquid. The depth of the lower end of each baffle is intermediate the depth of the two radially adjacent concentric baffles.Catalyst is continuously or periodically added to, or removed from, the vessel through tubing and a full-bore valve having uniform diameters throughout their lengths to maintain laminar flow of catalyst to or from a pressurizable hopper vessel.

摘要翻译： 用于通过反应器容器中向下移动的催化剂床的气体和烃液体的逆流上游流的流上催化剂更换装置。 气体和液体烃组分的混合进料流进入形成在反应器的下端和支撑催化剂床的下端的圆锥形筛网之间的储存器。 横跨容器的墙将储存器划分成用于接收混合进料的下部调节室，以及用于将组分分离成圆锥形筛下的气体和烃液体的替代进料环的上部增压室。 混合进料通过从壁向下延伸到缓冲室中相同深度的多个管进入增压室，防止建立气体独立进入增压室的优先路径。 通过使用与圆锥形筛网的下侧邻接的多个同心挡板来防止气体和液体组分与增压室中的混合进料的过度分离，这些隔板间隔紧密，仅足以形成气体的相邻和替代进料环 和液体。 每个挡板的下端的深度在两个径向相邻的同心挡板的深度之间。 催化剂连续或周期性地通过管道和全长阀连续或周期性地添加到容器中，并在整个长度上具有均匀的直径，以保持催化剂层流到或从可加压的料斗容器流出。

公开(公告)号：US5098230A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-24

申请号：US285144

申请日：1988-12-16

申请人： Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

发明人： Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J49/00

CPC分类号： B01J8/0015 ,  B01J49/003

摘要： A method is disclosed for withdrawing particulate spent catalyst particles from a packed, non-fluidized bed of such particles in contact with a liquid medium within a vessel having a withdrawal conduit or pipe which has an inlet that opens within the bottom of the bed and faces generally downwardly so that a first section extends upwardly from the inlet, and a second section extends downwardly, and the spent catalyst particles exits the packed bed through a uniform and continuous flow path opening into a solids recovery vessel whose pressure is controlled to regulate flow of such spent catalyst from the reaction vessel independent of the rate of flow through the withdrawal conduit.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于从具有抽出导管或管的容器中与液体介质接触的这种颗粒的填充的非流化床中排出颗粒状废催化剂颗粒的方法，该抽出管道或管具有在床的底部内开口的入口 通常向下，使得第一部分从入口向上延伸，并且第二部分向下延伸，并且废催化剂颗粒通过均匀且连续的流动路径离开填充床，开口进入固体回收容器，其压力被控制以调节流动 来自反应容器的这种废催化剂独立于通过排出导管的流速。

公开(公告)号：US06806087B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-19

申请号：US10156164

申请日：2002-05-28

申请人： Charles L. Kibby ,  Dennis J. O'Rear ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

发明人： Charles L. Kibby ,  Dennis J. O'Rear ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

IPC分类号： G01N3110

CPC分类号： G01N31/10 ,  B01J19/0046 ,  B01J19/0093 ,  B01J2219/00279 ,  B01J2219/00585 ,  B01J2219/00698 ,  B01J2219/00702 ,  B01J2219/00745 ,  B01J2219/00747 ,  B01J2219/00835 ,  B01J2219/00858 ,  B01J2219/0086 ,  B01J2219/00891 ,  B01J2219/00952 ,  C40B30/08 ,  C40B40/18 ,  C40B60/14

摘要： Methods for discovering optimum catalysts and/or reaction conditions for performing endo-or exothermic reactions, in particular gas-to-liquid reactions, are disclosed. A combinatorial approach is used to identify optimum catalysts and/or reaction conditions for performing the reactions. The reactions are performed in the channels of a microchannel reactor. These results can be used directly to optimize large scale reactions performed in a plurality of microchannel reactors, or can be correlated to useful catalysts and reaction conditions for use in large scale reactors by taking into consideration the heat transfer effects in the microchannel reactor and the large scale reactor. The method can advantageously be used to generate a database of combinations of catalyst systems and/or reaction conditions which provide various product streams, such that as market conditions vary and/or product requirements change, conditions suitable for forming desired products can be identified with little or no downtime. The catalysts can be evaluated using varied reaction conditions, which can provide a) a combinatorial library of product streams and a database including the combination of catalysts and reaction conditions to provide each product stream and/or b) the optimum combination of catalysts and reaction conditions for obtaining a desired product stream.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于发现用于进行内反应或放热反应，特别是气 - 液反应的最佳催化剂和/或反应条件的方法。 组合方法用于鉴定用于进行反应的最佳催化剂和/或反应条件。 反应在微通道反应器的通道中进行。 这些结果可以直接用于优化在多个微通道反应器中进行的大规模反应，或者可以通过考虑到在微通道反应器中的传热效应和大型反应器中的大量反应器中的热传递效应而与用于大规模反应器的有用的催化剂和反应条件相关联 规模反应堆。 该方法可以有利地用于产生提供各种产物流的催化剂体系和/或反应条件的组合的数据库，使得随着市场条件变化和/或产品需求的变化，可以很少地识别适合于形成所需产品的条件 或不停机。 可以使用不同的反应条件来评估催化剂，其可以提供a）产物流的组合文库和包括催化剂和反应条件的组合的数据库，以提供每种产物流和/或b）催化剂和反应条件的最佳组合 以获得所需的产品流。

公开(公告)号：US5733440A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-31

申请号：US748942

申请日：1996-11-14

申请人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

发明人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  C10G35/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid (i.e. a mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and a hydrogen-containing gas) at a rate insufficient to levitate or ebullate the catalyst bed. Catalyst are selected by density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion, such as in a large pilot plant run, with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the reactor vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the catalyst bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the catalyst bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles. The catalyst of this invention produces a plug-flowing substantially packed bed of hydroprocessing catalyst which occupies at least about 75% by volume of the reactor volume.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以在密集填充的催化剂床上基本连续地流动，以通过将流体作为气体和液体的替代环​​形环（即液体烃和液体烃的混合物）引入反应器容器的基本整个体积 含氢气体），其速率不足以使催化剂床漂浮或沸腾。 在液体和气体的设计进料速率下，通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填料床以设计进料速率进行沸腾。 通过在设计压力和流速下测量床膨胀，例如在大型中试设备运行中与烃，氢气和催化剂进行选择。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂以塞子状方式向下延伸穿过反应器容器，通过在催化剂床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，通过在液体流中以周期性或半连续的方式层流流动这种催化剂。 催化剂类似地通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在催化剂床底部的液体流中除去。 这种流动的吸入不与流过床的气体流直接接触，并且流动通道在横截面积上基本上恒定，并且直径大于催化剂颗粒直径的几倍。 本发明的催化剂产生占据反应器体积的至少约75体积％的加氢处理催化剂的堵塞流动基本上填充的床。

公开(公告)号：US5472928A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-05

申请号：US235777

申请日：1994-04-29

申请人： Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  David R. Johnson ,  David C. Kramer

发明人： Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  David R. Johnson ,  David C. Kramer

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J23/58

CPC分类号： B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid at a rate insufficient to levitate the catalyst bed. Catalyst are selected by density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the reactor vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the catalyst bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the catalyst bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles. The catalyst produces a plug-flowing substantially packed bed of hydroprocessing catalyst which occupies at least about 75% by volume of the reactor volume.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以在密集填充的催化剂床上基本连续地流动，以通过以不足以悬浮催化剂的速率引入流体作为气体和液体的替代环​​形环来填充基本上整个体积的反应器容器 床。 在液体和气体的设计进料速率下，通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填料床以设计进料速率进行沸腾。 通过在设计压力和流速下用烃，氢和催化剂测量床膨胀来选择催化剂。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂以塞子状方式向下延伸穿过反应器容器，通过在催化剂床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，通过在液体流中以周期性或半连续的方式层流流动这种催化剂。 催化剂通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在催化剂床底部的液体流中除去。 这种流动的吸入不与流过床的气体流直接接触，并且流动通道在横截面积上基本上恒定，并且直径大于催化剂颗粒直径的几倍。 该催化剂产生一个堵塞流动基本上是加氢处理催化剂的填充床，其占反应器体积的至少约75体积％。

公开(公告)号：US5270018A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-14

申请号：US805151

申请日：1991-12-11

申请人： Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

发明人： Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J49/00 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J8/08

CPC分类号： B01J8/0015 ,  B01J49/003

摘要： Apparatus for withdrawing particulate spent catalyst particles from a packed, non-fluidized bed of such particles in contact with a liquid medium within a vessel wherein the apparatus is a withdrawal conduit or pipe which has an inlet that opens within the bottom of the bed and faces generally downwardly so that a first section extends upwardly from the inlet, and a second section extends downwardly, and the spent catalyst particles exits the packed bed through a uniform and continuous flow path opening into a solids recovery vessel whose pressure is controlled to regulate flow of such spent catalyst from the reaction vessel independent of the rate of flow through the withdrawal conduit.

摘要翻译： 用于从容器内的液体介质接触的这种颗粒的填充的非流化床中排出颗粒废催化剂颗粒的装置，其中所述装置是具有在床底部内开口的入口的抽出管道或管 通常向下，使得第一部分从入口向上延伸，并且第二部分向下延伸，并且废催化剂颗粒通过均匀且连续的流动路径离开填充床，开口进入固体回收容器，其压力被控制以调节流动 来自反应容器的这种废催化剂独立于通过排出导管的流速。

公开(公告)号：US06455595B1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-24

申请号：US09621904

申请日：2000-07-24

申请人： Dennis J. O'Rear ,  Charles L. Kibby ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

发明人： Dennis J. O'Rear ,  Charles L. Kibby ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman

IPC分类号： C07C2700

CPC分类号： G01N31/10 ,  B01J19/0033 ,  B01J19/0046 ,  B01J2219/00695 ,  B01J2219/00702 ,  B01J2219/00745 ,  B01J2219/00747 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C10G2/00 ,  C10G2/32 ,  C40B30/08 ,  C40B40/18

摘要： Methods for discovering optimum catalyst systems for the conversion of syngas to higher molecular weight products via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis are disclosed. A combinatorial approach is used to identify combinations of catalyst systems useful for performing the reactions. The combinations of catalyst systems include Fischer-Tropsch catalysts and olefin isomerization catalysts. The method can advantageously be used to generate a database of combinations of catalyst systems and/or reaction conditions that provide various product streams, such that as market conditions vary and/or product requirements change, conditions suitable for forming desired products can be identified with little or no downtime. The catalysts are combined in a logical manner, for example in the form of arrays. The combinations of catalysts can be evaluated using varied reaction conditions, which can provide a) a combinatorial library of product streams and a database including the combination of catalysts and reaction conditions to provide each product stream and/or b) the optimum combination of catalysts and reaction conditions for obtaining a desired product stream.

摘要翻译： 公开了通过费 - 托合成发现合成气转化为较高分子量产物的最佳催化剂体系的方法。 组合方法用于鉴定用于进行反应的催化剂体系的组合。 催化剂体系的组合包括费 - 托催化剂和烯烃异构化催化剂。 该方法可以有利地用于产生提供各种产物流的催化剂体系和/或反应条件的组合的数据库，使得随着市场条件变化和/或产品要求的变化，可以很少地识别适合于形成所需产品的条件 或不停机。 催化剂以逻辑方式组合，例如以阵列的形式组合。 可以使用不同的反应条件来评估催化剂的组合，其可以提供a）产物流的组合文库和包括催化剂和反应条件的组合的数据库，以提供每种产物流和/或b）催化剂和 用于获得所需产物流的反应条件。

公开(公告)号：US5599440A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-04

申请号：US497638

申请日：1995-06-30

申请人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

发明人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  C10G35/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid (i.e. a mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and a hydrogen-containing gas) at a rate insufficient to levitate or ebullate the catalyst bed. Catalyst are selected by density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion, such as in a large pilot plant run, with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the reactor vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the catalyst bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the catalyst bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles. The catalyst of this invention produces a plug-flowing substantially packed bed of hydroprocessing catalyst which occupies at least about 75% by volume of the reactor volume.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以在密集填充的催化剂床上基本连续地流动，以通过将流体作为气体和液体的替代环​​形环（即液体烃和液体烃的混合物）引入反应器容器的基本整个体积 含氢气体），其速率不足以使催化剂床漂浮或沸腾。 在液体和气体的设计进料速率下，通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填料床以设计进料速率进行沸腾。 通过在设计压力和流速下测量床膨胀，例如在大型中试设备运行中与烃，氢气和催化剂进行选择。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂以塞子状方式向下延伸穿过反应器容器，通过在催化剂床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，通过在液体流中以周期性或半连续的方式层流流动这种催化剂。 催化剂类似地通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在催化剂床底部的液体流中除去。 这种流动的吸入不与流过床的气体流直接接触，并且流动通道在横截面积上基本上恒定，并且直径大于催化剂颗粒直径的几倍。 本发明的催化剂产生占据反应器体积的至少约75体积％的加氢处理催化剂的堵塞流动基本上填充的床。

公开(公告)号：US5076908A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-31

申请号：US381948

申请日：1989-07-19

申请人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

发明人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/02 ,  C10G45/20 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid at a rate insufficient to levitate the bed and with catalyst selected by a density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebulation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion in a large pilot plant run with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以基本上连续地流过密集填充的催化剂床，以通过以不足以漂浮床的速率将流体引入气体和液体的替代环​​形环来填充反应器容器的整个体积 并且以液体和气体的设计进料速率通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填充床在设计进料速率下的膨胀。 通过在设计压力和流速下用烃，氢气和催化剂运行的大型中试设备中测量床膨胀来选择催化剂。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂通过在床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，以塞子状向下延续流动，通过以周期性或半连续的方式在液体流中层流流动这种催化剂。 类似地，催化剂通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在床的底部的液体流中除去。 这种流动的吸入不与流过床的气体流直接接触，并且流动通道在横截面积上基本上恒定，并且直径大于催化剂颗粒直径的几倍。