Abstract:
(A2) An extended depth of field (DOF) imaging system (10) is disclosed that has a corresponding extended depth of focus (DOF′) by virtue of its optical system (20) having a select amount of spherical aberration. The imaging system has an image processing unit (54) adapted to process the raw images and perform contrast enhancement to form processed images. The image processing includes restoring the defocused modulation transfer functions (MTFs) using a gain function (G) and the amount of defocus. The imaging system can include an illumination system (60) that illuminates the object being imaged to establish a distance (DH) between the optical system and the object, where distance DH is used in the restoring of the MTF. An iris-recognition (I-R) system based on the enhanced DOF imaging system is also disclosed.; Optical system embodiments for use in the DOF imaging system that can provide select amounts of spherical aberration—and thus select increases in DOF—without increasing the adverse impact of other aberrations on image formation are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A method of heap leaching including forming a heap lift, installing a horizontal solution collection system between the heap layers including a horizontal tubing with a wireline data collection tool disposed therein, providing a heap leach model for modeling the heap leach operation including a solvent formulation and a irrigation setting, obtaining collected data from the wireline data collection tool while irrigating the heap lift, the collected data including in-situ material parameters of the heap layers and in-situ solution parameters of the solution flowing in the heap layers, modeling the heap leach operation using the collected data based on the heap leach model to generate a result, and adjusting the heap leach operation based on the result.
Abstract:
An extended depth-of-field (EDOF) surveillance imaging system (8) that has a lens system (10) with a total lens power φT and an amount of spherical aberration SA where 0.2λ≦SA≦2λ. The lens system includes first lens group (G1) and a second lens group (G2). The first lens group has first and second confronting meniscus lens elements (L1, L2) that have an overall optical power φ1 such that |φ1/φT|≦0.05. The second lens group has a doublet (D1) and a most imagewise positive lens element (L5). An aperture stop (AS) is arranged either between the first and second lens groups or within the second lens group. An image sensor (30) is arranged to receive the image and form therefrom a digitized electronic raw image. An image processor receives and digitally filters the digitized electronic raw image to form a digitized contrast-enhanced image.
Abstract:
An extended depth of field (EDOF) imaging system that has a corresponding extended depth of focus (EDOF′). The imaging system has an optical system consisting of a single lens element and an objectwise aperture stop arrange substantially at a zero-coma axial position. The single lens element is configured so that the optical system has a select amount of spherical aberration (SA) in the range 0.2λ≦SA≦2λ, where λ is an imaging wavelength. The single lens element generates an amount of axial chromatic aberration that increases the EDOF while decreasing the average MTF of the optical system relative to the optical system having no chromatic aberration. The imaging system has an image sensor for forming a digitized raw image of an object.
Abstract:
A drilling system and method for drilling underground boreholes is provided. The drilling system comprises a tool body, a downhole motor, a drill bit mounted on the body to be driven by the motor, a mechanism for driving the tool body axially along the borehole so as to apply weight on the drill bit when drilling, and an electrical cable extending from the surface to the tool body to provide power for the drilling motor. The tool body includes a conduit connected to the drill bit such that drilled material passes from the drill bit through the conduit, and sensors are provided in the conduit for measuring properties of the drilled material.
Abstract:
A gamma-ray detector comprising: a housing having a window through which gamma rays can enter; the housing comprising; a two-dimensional array of electrically conducting carbon nanotubes, which act as a cathode, on a substrate; a metal plate electrode, which acts as an anode, positioned opposite the substrate so that there is a gap containing a gas between the electrode and the nanotubes; and a voltage source connected to the substrate and the electrode such that when in use the voltage between the substrate and the electrode is maintained below the arc-threshold voltage so that no electric current can flow through the gap between the nanotubes and the electrode; wherein the electrode and the substrate are arranged such that when a gamma ray enters the housing and hits one of the nanotubes a spark discharge is triggered between the nanotubes and the plate electrode creating an electrical current that can be measured.
Abstract:
A method for depth matching borehole images and/or core section images is disclosed wherein signals from sensors at different levels on a logging tool are converted into an averaged signal representing the average bed signal at the center of the borehole at each of the different levels. A depth matching technique is applied to the averaged signals from the sensors at different levels on the logging tool to determine the optimum depth offset necessary for matching two sets of signals from sensors at the different levels of the logging tool. In an alternative embodiment of the invention a Hough transform is utilized to process the well log images and generate three-dimensional images in Hough space. The three dimensional images are converted into two-dimensional extremum curves. Depth matching is performed on the two dimensional extremum curves to calculate an offset to match the two dimensional extremum curves. The calculated offset is then applied to the well log images to depth match them.
Abstract:
The present invention provides systems and methods capable of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of leaching operations. In one embodiment, the present invention may utilize a coiled tubing directional drilling system capable of treating interior portions of the heap/formation. In one embodiment, the present invention may utilize a system and method capable of capturing real time temperature and resistivity data pertaining to pregnant solution characteristics in the heap/formation. In one embodiment, the present invention may utilize one or more wire line deployed X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers capable of quantitatively measuring concentrations of desired metals in the heap/formation during leaching operations. In one embodiment, the present invention utilizes multiple passes of elemental capture spectroscopy logs acquired at regular time intervals to monitor metal concentrations during leaching operations. In one embodiment, the present invention provides one or more subsurface barriers capable of optimizing leaching operations.
Abstract:
An optical component (10) comprises at least one transparent set of cells (15) juxtaposed parallel to a surface of the component, each cell having a size and a geometry that are different from those of its neighbors forming a network of cells with random distribution and random geometry, parallel to the surface of the component. Each cell is hermetically sealed and contains at least one substance with optical property. The invention also comprises a method of producing such an optical component and its use in the fabrication of an optical element. The optical element can in particular be a spectacle lens.
Abstract:
A transparent optical component comprises a set of cells (15) juxtaposed on a surface of the component. Each cell encloses a determined substance so as to endow the component with particular optical characteristics, and two neighbouring cells are separated by a wall (18). Some walls are not straight at the surface of the component, so that the light diffracted by the walls does not form any luminous glint or any flashing. In particular, the walls can be curved or made up of straight segments disposed end-to-end.