Abstract:
Methods and compositions are provided for inhibiting the polymerization of a vinyl aromatic monomer, such as styrene monomer, during elevated temperature processing or distillation thereof. The compositions comprise an inhibitor combination of (A) a hydroxylamine and (B) a stable free radical plus a retarder that is either; (C) dinitrobutylphenol or (D) quinone methide. The ratio of (A) to (B) ranges from about 5% (A) to 95% (B) to about 95% (A) to about 5% (B). The compositions are added to the vinyl aromatic monomer in amounts sufficient to prevent polymerization during the distillation process. Typically the inhibitor combination is added to the vinyl aromatic monomer in an amount ranging from about 10 to 150 ppm of the monomer. Retarders are typically added in an amount ranging from 50 to 1500 ppm of the vinyl aromatic monomer.
Abstract:
A toothbrush for enhancing the whiteness of teeth while carrying out normal prophylactic brushing with a material that includes a light/heat activated whitening agent. The whitening agent is usually activated by light of a certain wavelength. The toothbrush comprises a handle and a head and optical transmission material bringing light of a predetermined frequency to the head portion. The head portion has a clear surface into which the bristles are secured so as to cause light to shine on the teeth surfaces as they are being brushed by the bristles.
Abstract:
Compositions and methods for inhibiting polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers are provided. The compositions include a water-soluble phenylenediamine composition.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to compounds that are antiviral agents. Specifically the compounds of the present invention inhibit replication of HCV and are therefore useful in treating hepatitis C infections. The present invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and processes for preparing them.
Abstract:
Novel organic water-soluble antimony compounds are prepared by reacting ammonia or an alkylamine with a hydroxycarboxylic acid to form an intermediate product and then reacting the intermediate product with an antimony oxide. These compounds are useful for use as catalyst metal poison passivators.
Abstract:
Antimony tricarboxylates of higher carboxylic acids can be prepared in high yields by(a) reacting antimony oxide with an anhydride of a lower organic acid,(b) reacting the product from (a) with at least one higher carboxylic acid at a temperature sufficient to vaporize volatile material and removing the vaporized volatile material,(c) simultaneously passing a stream of an inert gas through the reaction mixture, and(d) recovering the antimony tricarboxylate of said higher carboxylic acid.
Abstract:
A method for inhibiting the formation of fouling materials during hydrocarbon processing is provided. Hydrocarbon media, which is undergoing treatment with a basic wash and contains carbonyl compounds is contacted with hydroxylamine and naphthalene sulfonate to inhibit the formation of fouling materials and to minimize the deposition of fouling compounds that may occur during hydrocarbon processing.
Abstract:
Methods and compositions are provided for inhibiting the polymerization of a vinyl aromatic monomer, such as styrene monomer, during elevated temperature processing or distillation thereof or during storage or shipment of polymer containing product. The compositions include a combination of a hydroxybenzyl alcohol (1) and a dehydration catalyst (2). The combination is added to a vinyl aromatic monomer. Typically, the hydroxybenzyl alcohol is dehydrated in the styrene solution by the use of a strong acid catalyst acting as the dehydration catalyst, and the resultant reaction product is a quinone methide styrene inhibitor.
Abstract:
Methods and compositions are provided for inhibiting the polymerization of a vinyl aromatic monomer, such as styrene monomer, during elevated temperature processing thereof or during storage or shipment of polymer containing product. The compositions comprise a combination of a quinone methide derivative A) and a phenol compound B). The methods comprise adding from about 1-10,000 ppm of the combination to the monomer containing medium, per one million parts of the monomer.
Abstract:
A method for dispersing polymerization by-products and maintaining said by-products in suspension in a hydrocarbon processing system during acrylic acid and acrylate monomer formation is disclosed, which includes adding to the monomer an effective inhibiting amount of an N-alkyl polyalkenyl succinimide dispersant.