公开(公告)号：US08211387B2

公开(公告)日：2012-07-03

申请号：US11487731

申请日：2006-07-17

申请人： Vijay Anant Deshpande ,  Curtis L. Krause ,  Paul Francis Martin ,  Kevin Hoa Nguyen ,  James F. Stevens ,  William Spencer Wheat

发明人： Vijay Anant Deshpande ,  Curtis L. Krause ,  Paul Francis Martin ,  Kevin Hoa Nguyen ,  James F. Stevens ,  William Spencer Wheat

IPC分类号： B01J10/00 ,  B01J8/04

CPC分类号： F23C13/02 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0822 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  F23C13/00 ,  F23C2900/03002 ,  F23D14/66 ,  F23L2900/07009 ,  H01M8/0631 ,  Y02E20/348 ,  Y02P20/128 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10T29/49348

摘要： A combustor for oxidizing a combustion fuel and pre-heating one or more reactants for fuel reforming. The combustor includes an elongated housing having an inlet for receiving a combustion fuel and an outlet for exhausting combustion products. The elongated housing further includes a cylindrical side wall, a bottom wall, and a top wall. Inert particles are disposed within the housing adjacent the inlet. A combustion catalyst bed is disposed within the housing above the inert particles that is a mixture of inert particles and combustion catalyst. The inert particles and the combustion catalyst preferably have a volumetric ratio of inert particles to catalyst between about 2:1 and about 4:1. The combustor has at least one heat exchanger within the combustion catalyst bed for heating a reformer reactant and generating steam. Preferably, the combustor includes at least two heat exchangers within the combustion catalyst bed, the heat exchanging elements have different surface areas. The combustor can include at least one sensor for measuring temperature within the combustor, and preferably the reactor includes two or more sensors for measuring temperature at two or more locations within the combustion catalyst bed. A power-generating apparatus comprising the combustor, a fuel processor and fuel cell is also provided. Methods for pre-heating a reactant and generating steam for use in a fuel reformer and for manufacturing a combustor for use in fuel reforming are provided.

摘要翻译： 一种用于氧化燃烧燃料并预热一种或多种用于燃料重整的反应物的燃烧器。 燃烧器包括具有用于接收燃烧燃料的入口和用于排出燃烧产物的出口的细长壳体。 细长壳体还包括圆柱形侧壁，底壁和顶壁。 惰性颗粒被布置在邻近入口的壳体内。 燃烧催化剂床设置在惰性颗粒之外的壳体内，惰性颗粒是惰性颗粒和燃烧催化剂的混合物。 惰性颗粒和燃烧催化剂优选惰性颗粒与催化剂的体积比在约2:1和约4:1之间。 燃烧器具有在燃烧催化剂床内的至少一个热交换器，用于加热重整器反应物并产生蒸汽。 优选地，燃烧器在燃烧催化剂床内包括至少两个热交换器，热交换元件具有不同的表面积。 燃烧器可以包括至少一个用于测量燃烧室内的温度的传感器，并且优选地，反应器包括用于测量燃烧催化剂床内的两个或多个位置处的温度的两个或更多个传感器。 还提供了包括燃烧器，燃料处理器和燃料电池的发电设备。 提供了用于预热反应物并产生用于燃料重整器中的蒸汽并用于制造用于燃料重整的燃烧器的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07101175B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-05

申请号：US10407290

申请日：2003-04-04

申请人： Vijay Anant Deshpande ,  Curtis L. Krause ,  Paul Francis Martin ,  Kevin Hoa Nguyen ,  James F. Stevens ,  William Spencer Wheat

发明人： Vijay Anant Deshpande ,  Curtis L. Krause ,  Paul Francis Martin ,  Kevin Hoa Nguyen ,  James F. Stevens ,  William Spencer Wheat

IPC分类号： F24H7/02

CPC分类号： F23C13/02 ,  C01B3/34 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0822 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  F23C13/00 ,  F23C2900/03002 ,  F23D14/66 ,  F23L2900/07009 ,  H01M8/0631 ,  Y02E20/348 ,  Y02P20/128 ,  Y02P70/56 ,  Y10T29/49348

摘要： A combustor for oxidizing a combustion fuel and pre-heating one or more reactants for fuel reforming. The combustor includes an elongated housing having an inlet for receiving a combustion fuel and an outlet for exhausting combustion products. The elongated housing further includes a cylindrical side wall, a bottom wall, and a top wall. Inert particles are disposed within the housing adjacent the inlet. A combustion catalyst bed is disposed within the housing above the inert particles that is a mixture of inert particles and combustion catalyst. The inert particles and the combustion catalyst preferably have a volumetric ratio of inert particles to catalyst between about 2:1 and about 4:1. The combustor has at least one heat exchanger within the combustion catalyst bed for heating a reformer reactant and generating steam. Preferably, the combustor includes at least two heat exchangers within the combustion catalyst bed, the heat exchanging elements have different surface areas. The combustor can include at least one sensor for measuring temperature within the combustor, and preferably the reactor includes two or more sensors for measuring temperature at two or more locations within the combustion catalyst bed. A power-generating apparatus comprising the combustor, a fuel processor and fuel cell is also provided. Methods for pre-heating a reactant and generating steam for use in a fuel reformer and for manufacturing a combustor for use in fuel reforming are provided.

摘要翻译： 一种用于氧化燃烧燃料并预热一种或多种用于燃料重整的反应物的燃烧器。 燃烧器包括具有用于接收燃烧燃料的入口和用于排出燃烧产物的出口的细长壳体。 细长壳体还包括圆柱形侧壁，底壁和顶壁。 惰性颗粒被布置在邻近入口的壳体内。 燃烧催化剂床设置在惰性颗粒之外的壳体内，惰性颗粒是惰性颗粒和燃烧催化剂的混合物。 惰性颗粒和燃烧催化剂优选惰性颗粒与催化剂的体积比在约2:1和约4:1之间。 燃烧器具有在燃烧催化剂床内的至少一个热交换器，用于加热重整器反应物并产生蒸汽。 优选地，燃烧器在燃烧催化剂床内包括至少两个热交换器，热交换元件具有不同的表面积。 燃烧器可以包括至少一个用于测量燃烧室内的温度的传感器，并且优选地，反应器包括用于测量燃烧催化剂床内的两个或多个位置处的温度的两个或更多个传感器。 还提供了包括燃烧器，燃料处理器和燃料电池的发电设备。 提供了用于预热反应物并产生用于燃料重整器中的蒸汽并用于制造用于燃料重整的燃烧器的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06793898B2

公开(公告)日：2004-09-21

申请号：US10219153

申请日：2002-08-15

申请人： Christopher Stewart Brown ,  Frederick Jacobus Kirstein ,  Paul Francis Martin ,  Harold Troy Wong

发明人： Christopher Stewart Brown ,  Frederick Jacobus Kirstein ,  Paul Francis Martin ,  Harold Troy Wong

IPC分类号： B01J1908

CPC分类号： C01B3/342 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/00074 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0828 ,  B01J2219/083 ,  B01J2219/0841 ,  B01J2219/0847 ,  C01B2203/00 ,  C01B2203/025 ,  C01B2203/0861 ,  C01B2203/1205 ,  H01M8/0625 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  Y10S123/12

摘要： A plasma-based fuel reformer in which a fuel/air mixture is subjected to an electrical plasma arc that reforms the fuel/air mixture into a hydrogen-rich gas. The reformer includes a first electrode defining a reaction chamber and a second electrode axially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the first electrode. A plasma arc forms between the first and the second electrodes in the reaction chamber when an electrical voltage is applied. An insulator is positioned between the first and the second electrode to prevent the formation of a plasma arc between the first and the second electrodes except in the reaction chamber. Means for providing a fuel/air mixture to the reaction chamber and means for diverting the air flow into the reaction chamber so as to create a vortex-like flow of air in the reaction chamber are also included.

摘要翻译： 一种等离子体燃料重整器，其中燃料/空气混合物经受电气等离子体电弧，其将燃料/空气混合物重整成富氢气体。 重整器包括限定反应室的第一电极和与第一电极的纵向轴线轴向对准的第二电极。 当施加电压时，在反应室中的第一和第二电极之间形成等离子弧。 绝缘体位于第一和第二电极之间，以防止除反应室之外在第一和第二电极之间形成等离子弧。 用于向反应室提供燃料/空气混合物的装置和用于将空气流转向反应室以在反应室中产生涡旋状空气的装置的装置。