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    DESALTER OPERATION
    1.
    发明申请
    DESALTER OPERATION 审中-公开
    脱盐作业

    公开(公告)号：US20150175904A1

    公开(公告)日：2015-06-25

    申请号：US14556398

    申请日：2014-12-01

    申请人： Mohsen Shahmirzadi Yeganeh ,  Daniel Patrick CHERNEY ,  Robert P. LUCCHESI ,  Pawel L. PECZAK ,  Yibing ZHANG ,  Richard W. FLYNN

    发明人： Mohsen Shahmirzadi Yeganeh ,  Daniel Patrick CHERNEY ,  Robert P. LUCCHESI ,  Pawel L. PECZAK ,  Yibing ZHANG ,  Richard W. FLYNN

    IPC分类号： C10G32/02

    摘要： A petroleum desalting process in which the role played by the oil/bulk-resolved-water interface in the dehydration of the stabilized emulsion which forms in the desalter is recognized. The desalting process is improved by introducing the demulsifier and chemical high voltage electrodes. Water droplets in the mixture coalesce and settle towards the bottom of the vessel. A stabilized emulsion layer formed from the oil and the water with additives into the water phase and/or injecting chemical additives directly in the vicinity of the water/oil interface. This improved methodology that makes the rapid and effective delivery of chemical demulsifiers to the rag layer and/or oil/bulk-resolved-water interface possible. In operation, the desalting is carried out by mixing a crude oil to be desalted with water and passing the mixture of oil and water to the desalter vessel. The mixture enters the desalting vessel in the form of an emulsified mixture which is then separated by application of an electric field between emulsion-stabilizing solids from the oil forms above the interface between the denser water layer and the supernatant oil layer. A chemical demulsifier is added to the water layer in the region of the stabilized emulsion layer and/or directly into the emulsion layer itself. The separated water is removed as effluent through a water outlet at the bottom of the vessel and desalted oil is removed from the oil layer through an oil outlet at the top of the vessel.

    摘要翻译： 识别在脱盐器中形成的稳定化乳液的脱水中的油/体积分解水界面所起的作用的石油脱盐方法。 通过引入破乳剂和化学高压电极来改善脱盐过程。 混合物中的水滴聚结并向容器的底部沉降。 由油和水形成的具有添加剂的水稳定化乳液层和/或直接在水/油界面附近注入化学添加剂。 这种改进的方法使得可以快速有效地将化学破乳剂输送到碎布层和/或油/体积分解 - 水界面。 在操作中，通过将要脱盐的原油与水混合并将油和水的混合物混合到脱盐器进行脱盐。 混合物以乳化混合物的形式进入脱盐容器，然后通过在密度较高的水层和上清液油层之间的界面之上的油形式的乳化稳定固体之间施加电场来分离。 将化学破乳剂添加到稳定的乳剂层区域中的水层和/或直接进入乳剂层本身。 分离的水作为流出物通过容器底部的出水口去除，脱盐油通过容器顶部的出油口从油层中除去。

    Control of secondary air to an electrically heated catalyst using feedback control
    3.
    发明授权
    Control of secondary air to an electrically heated catalyst using feedback control 失效
    使用反馈控制控制电加热催化剂的二次空气

    公开(公告)号：US5357752A

    公开(公告)日：1994-10-25

    申请号：US108205

    申请日：1993-08-17

    申请人： Robert P. Lucchesi

    发明人： Robert P. Lucchesi

    IPC分类号： F01N3/20 ,  F01N3/22 ,  F01N3/32 ,  F01N9/00 ,  F02B75/02

    CPC分类号： F01N3/222 ,  F01N3/2013 ,  F01N3/22 ,  F01N3/32 ,  F02B2075/027 ,  Y02T10/26

    摘要： The injection of secondary air into the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine equipped with an electrically heated catalyst (EHC) upstream of a catalytic converter using a secondary pump is controlled by use of a dedicated heated oxygen sensor located downstream of the electrically heated catalyst in the exhaust stream from said EHC. The sensor measures the oxygen content in the EHC exhaust stream and sends a signal to a controller which turns on a secondary air pump when the signal from the heated sensor exceeds a pre-selected set point on the controller thereby injecting supplementary air into the exhaust stream from the internal combustion engine to the EHC.

    摘要翻译： 通过使用位于电加热催化剂下游的专用加热氧传感器来控制使用二次泵将二次空气注入装备有在催化转化器上游的电加热催化剂（EHC）的内燃机的排气系统中 来自所述EHC的废气流。 传感器测量EHC废气流中的氧气含量，并向控制器发送信号，该控制器在加热传感器的信号超过控制器上的预先设定的设定点时接通二次空气泵，从而将排气流 从内燃机到EHC。