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公开(公告)号：US08354011B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-15
申请号：US12950120
申请日：2010-11-19
申请人： S. Elangovan , Joseph J. Hartvigsen , Feng Zhao
发明人： S. Elangovan , Joseph J. Hartvigsen , Feng Zhao
CPC分类号： C25B1/02 , C25B11/04 , C25B11/0463 , H01M4/8652 , H01M4/9033 , H01M8/184 , H01M8/20 , H01M2008/1293 , Y02E60/528
摘要： An electrolyzer cell is disclosed which includes a cathode to reduce an oxygen-containing molecule, such as H2O, CO2, or a combination thereof, to produce an oxygen ion and a fuel molecule, such as H2, CO, or a combination thereof. An electrolyte is coupled to the cathode to transport the oxygen ion to an anode. The anode is coupled to the electrolyte to receive the oxygen ion and produce oxygen gas therewith. In one embodiment, the anode may be fabricated to include an electron-conducting phase having a perovskite crystalline structure or structure similar thereto. This perovskite may have a chemical formula of substantially (Pr(1-x)Lax)(z-y)A′yBO(3-∂), wherein 0
摘要翻译： 公开了一种电解池，其包括阴极以减少含氧分子，例如H 2 O，CO 2或其组合，以产生氧离子和诸如H 2，CO或其组合的燃料分子。 电解质耦合到阴极以将氧离子输送到阳极。 阳极耦合到电解质以接收氧离子并与其产生氧气。 在一个实施例中，可以制造阳极以包括具有类似于其的钙钛矿晶体结构或结构的电子传导相。 该钙钛矿可以具有基本上（Pr（1-x）Lax）（zy）A'yBO（3-∂）的化学式，其中0
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公开(公告)号：US20080032140A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-07
申请号：US11835823
申请日：2007-08-08
申请人： S. Elangovan , Balakrishnan Nair , Troy Small , Brian Heck
发明人： S. Elangovan , Balakrishnan Nair , Troy Small , Brian Heck
IPC分类号： B32B18/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/228 , B01D67/0046 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/141 , B01D71/024 , B01D2256/16 , B01D2257/108 , B01D2325/26 , C01B3/503 , C01B2203/0405 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/048 , C01B2203/0495
摘要： A multi-phase proton conducting material comprising a proton-conducting ceramic phase and a stabilizing ceramic phase. Under the presence of a partial pressure gradient of hydrogen across the membrane or under the influence of an electrical potential, a membrane fabricated with this material selectively transports hydrogen ions through the proton conducting phase, which results in ultrahigh purity hydrogen permeation through the membrane. The stabilizing ceramic phase may be substantially structurally and chemically identical to at least one product of a reaction between the proton conducting phase and at least one expected gas under operating conditions of a membrane fabricated using the material. In a barium cerate-based proton conducting membrane, one stabilizing phase is ceria.
摘要翻译： 一种包括质子传导陶瓷相和稳定陶瓷相的多相质子传导材料。 在跨过膜的氢气的分压梯度的存在下或在电势的影响下，用该材料制造的膜选择性地将氢离子输送通过质子传导相，这导致通过膜的超高纯度氢渗透。 在使用该材料制造的膜的操作条件下，稳定陶瓷相可以基本上在结构和化学上与至少一种质子传导相和至少一种预期气体之间的反应产物相同。 在一种基于铈铈的质子传导膜中，一个稳定相是二氧化铈。
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公开(公告)号：US5614127A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-25
申请号：US396077
申请日：1995-02-28
CPC分类号： H01M8/0215 , H01M8/0219
摘要： An improved ceramic interconnect component for a solid oxide fuel cell having good electrical conductivity thermodynamic stability in the presence of fuel and a coefficient of thermal expansion matching closely that of zirconia electrolytes is disclosed. The interconnect is a lanthanum strontium chromate material containing minor quantities of calcia, and iron and, optionally, very minor quantities of cobalt, as dopants.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于固体氧化物燃料电池的改进的陶瓷互连部件，其在存在燃料的情况下具有良好的导电性热力学稳定性和与氧化锆电解质的热膨胀系数匹配的热膨胀系数。 互连是含有少量钙的镧铬酸锶材料，铁和任选地非常少量的钴作为掺杂剂。
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公开(公告)号：US08350190B2
公开(公告)日：2013-01-08
申请号：US12036170
申请日：2008-02-22
CPC分类号： H05B7/08
摘要： A ceramic electrode for a gliding electric arc system. The ceramic electrode includes a ceramic fin defining a spine, a heel, and a tip. A discharge edge of the ceramic fin defines a diverging profile approximately from the heel of the ceramic fin to the tip of the ceramic fin. A mounting surface coupled to the ceramic fin facilitates mounting the ceramic fin within the gliding electric arc system. One or more ceramic electrodes may be used in the gliding electric arc system or other systems which at least partially oxidize a combustible material.
摘要翻译： 用于滑动电弧系统的陶瓷电极。 陶瓷电极包括限定脊柱，跟部和尖端的陶瓷翅片。 陶瓷翅片的放电边缘大致从陶瓷翅片的跟部到陶瓷片的尖端限定发散轮廓。 耦合到陶瓷翅片的安装表面便于将陶瓷翅片安装在滑动电弧系统内。 一个或多个陶瓷电极可用于滑动电弧系统或至少部分氧化可燃材料的其它系统。
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公开(公告)号：US20120267996A1
公开(公告)日：2012-10-25
申请号：US12036170
申请日：2008-02-22
CPC分类号： H05B7/08
摘要： A ceramic electrode for a gliding electric arc system. The ceramic electrode includes a ceramic fin defining a spine, a heel, and a tip. A discharge edge of the ceramic fin defines a diverging profile approximately from the heel of the ceramic fin to the tip of the ceramic fin. A mounting surface coupled to the ceramic fin facilitates mounting the ceramic fin within the gliding electric arc system. One or more ceramic electrodes may be used in the gliding electric arc system or other systems which at least partially oxidize a combustible material.
摘要翻译： 用于滑动电弧系统的陶瓷电极。 陶瓷电极包括限定脊柱，跟部和尖端的陶瓷翅片。 陶瓷翅片的放电边缘大致从陶瓷翅片的跟部到陶瓷片的尖端限定发散轮廓。 耦合到陶瓷翅片的安装表面便于将陶瓷翅片安装在滑动电弧系统内。 一个或多个陶瓷电极可用于滑动电弧系统或至少部分氧化可燃材料的其它系统。
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6.发明申请ELECTROCHEMICAL CELL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SYNTHESIS GAS USING ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND WATER 审中-公开使用大气和水生产合成气的电化学细胞公开(公告)号：US20120048730A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-01
申请号：US13286890
申请日：2011-11-01
申请人： Joseph J. Hartvigsen , Ashok V. Joshi , S. Elangovan , Shekar Balagopal , John Howard Gordon , Michele Hollist
发明人： Joseph J. Hartvigsen , Ashok V. Joshi , S. Elangovan , Shekar Balagopal , John Howard Gordon , Michele Hollist
CPC分类号： C25B1/02 , C25B1/00 , C25B1/04 , C25B9/206 , H01M2008/1293 , Y02E60/364 , Y02E60/366
摘要： A method is provided for synthesizing synthesis gas from carbon dioxide obtained from atmospheric air or other available carbon dioxide source and water using a sodium-conducting electrochemical cell. Synthesis gas is also produced by the coelectrolysis of carbon dioxide and steam in a solid oxide fuel cell or solid oxide electrolytic cell. The synthesis gas produced may then be further processed and eventually converted into a liquid fuel suitable for transportation or other applications.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于从使用导电电化学电池从大气或其它有用的二氧化碳源和水中获得的二氧化碳合成合成气的方法。 合成气也通过在固体氧化物燃料电池或固体氧化物电解池中的二氧化碳和蒸汽的共电解产生。 然后可以进一步处理产生的合成气并最终转化为适合于运输或其他应用的液体燃料。
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公开(公告)号：US20090090637A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-09
申请号：US11867354
申请日：2007-10-04
申请人： Joseph J. Hartvigsen , S. Elangovan , Lyman Frost
发明人： Joseph J. Hartvigsen , S. Elangovan , Lyman Frost
IPC分类号： C25B1/00
摘要： A method for increasing the reliability of an electrolyzer cell stack includes providing multiple electrolyzer cell stacks. Each electrolyzer cell stack includes multiple cells separated by electrically conductive interconnects. The method may further include generating, using an external power source, an electrical current through each of the electrolyzer cell stacks to produce a fuel. The method may further include electrically connecting an interconnect of a first electrolyzer cell stack to an interconnect of a second electrolyzer cell stack located at a substantially equivalent electrical potential. This allows current to flow from one electrolyzer cell stack to another in the event a cell fails or creates a point of high resistance.
摘要翻译： 提高电解槽电池堆的可靠性的方法包括提供多个电解槽电池堆。 每个电解池电池堆包括由导电互连分开的多个电池。 该方法还可以包括使用外部电源产生通过每个电解池单元堆的电流以产生燃料。 该方法可以进一步包括将第一电解槽电池的互连电连接到位于基本相当的电位的第二电解槽电池的互连。 在电池故障或产生高电阻点的情况下，这允许电流从一个电解池电池堆流到另一个。
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公开(公告)号：US20080029388A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-07
申请号：US11781718
申请日：2007-07-23
申请人： S. Elangovan , Joseph Hartvigsen
发明人： S. Elangovan , Joseph Hartvigsen
IPC分类号： C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C25B11/04 , C25B1/02 , C25B11/0463 , H01M4/9016 , H01M4/9033 , H01M2008/1293
摘要： An electrolyzer cell is disclosed which includes a cathode to reduce an oxygen-containing molecule, such as H2O, CO2, or a combination thereof, to produce an oxygen ion and a fuel molecule, such as H2, CO, or a combination thereof. An electrolyte is coupled to the cathode to transport the oxygen ion to an anode. The anode is coupled to the electrolyte to receive the oxygen ion and produce oxygen gas therewith. In one embodiment, the anode may be fabricated to include an electron-conducting phase having a perovskite crystalline structure or structure similar thereto. This perovskite may have a chemical formula of substantially (Pr(1-x)Lax)(z-y)A′yBO(3-∂), wherein 0≦x≦0.5, 0≦y≦0.5, and 0.8≦z≦1.1. In another embodiment, the cathode includes an electron-conducting phase that contains nickel oxide intermixed with magnesium oxide.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种电解池，其包括阴极以减少含氧分子，例如H 2 O，CO 2或其组合，以产生氧离子和诸如H 2，CO或其组合的燃料分子。 电解质耦合到阴极以将氧离子输送到阳极。 阳极耦合到电解质以接收氧离子并与其产生氧气。 在一个实施例中，可以制造阳极以包括具有类似于其的钙钛矿晶体结构或结构的电子传导相。 该钙钛矿可以具有基本上为（Pr（1-x）Lax）（zy）A'yBO（3-∂）的化学式，其中0≤x≤0.5,0≤y≤0.5， = z <= 1.1。 在另一个实施方案中，阴极包括含有与氧化镁混合的氧化镍的电子传导相。
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9.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140157669A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-12
申请号：US13710731
申请日：2012-12-11
IPC分类号： C10J1/26
CPC分类号： C10J3/18 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/38 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/025 , C01B2203/062 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0861 , C10G2/32 , C10J2300/1238 , C10J2300/1646 , C10J2300/1659 , C10J2300/1662
摘要： A method of forming a synthesis gas utilizing a reformer is disclosed. The method utilizes a reformer that includes a plasma zone to receive a pre-heated mixture of reactants and ionize the reactants by applying an electrical potential thereto. A first thermally conductive surface surrounds the plasma zone and is configured to transfer heat from an external heat source into the plasma zone. The reformer further includes a reaction zone to chemically transform the ionized reactants into synthesis gas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide. A second thermally conductive surface surrounds the reaction zone and is configured to transfer heat from the external heat source into the reaction zone. The first thermally conductive surface and second thermally conductive surface are both directly exposed to the external heat source. A corresponding apparatus and system are also disclosed herein.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种利用重整器形成合成气的方法。 该方法使用重整器，其包括等离子体区以接收预热的反应物混合物，并通过向其施加电势使反应物离子化。 第一导热表面围绕等离子体区域并且被配置为将热量从外部热源传递到等离子体区域中。 重整器还包括将电离的反应物化学转化为包含氢和一氧化碳的合成气体的反应区。 第二导热表面围绕反应区并且被配置为将热量从外部热源传递到反应区。 第一导热表面和第二导热表面都直接暴露于外部热源。 本文还公开了相应的装置和系统。
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公开(公告)号：US20120118862A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-17
申请号：US11777242
申请日：2007-07-12
申请人： Joseph J. Hartvigsen , S. Elangovan
发明人： Joseph J. Hartvigsen , S. Elangovan
CPC分类号： H05B7/005 , F23C99/001 , F23C2900/99005 , F23G5/085 , F23G2204/201 , H05H1/48
摘要： A method and apparatus for oxidizing a combustible material. The method includes introducing a volume of the combustible material into a plasma zone of a gliding electric arc oxidation system. The method also includes introducing a volume of oxidizer into the plasma zone of the gliding electric arc oxidation system. The volume of oxidizer includes a stoichiometrically excessive amount of oxygen. The method also includes generating an electrical discharge between electrodes within the plasma zone of the gliding electric arc oxidation system to oxidize the combustible material.
摘要翻译： 一种用于氧化可燃材料的方法和装置。 该方法包括将可燃材料的体积引入到滑动电弧氧化系统的等离子体区域中。 该方法还包括将一定体积的氧化剂引入到滑动电弧氧化系统的等离子体区域中。 氧化剂的体积包括化学计量过量的氧气。 该方法还包括在滑动电弧氧化系统的等离子体区域内的电极之间产生放电，以氧化可燃材料。
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