摘要:
In order to provide a semiconductor laser element or an integrated optical device with high reliability, a horizontal-cavity semiconductor laser or an optical module includes a deeply dug DBR mirror serving as a cavity mirror, the deeply dug DBR mirror being composed of a material that is lattice-matched to a substrate and that has a band gap energy that does not absorb light emitted from an active layer.
摘要:
Specifically, provided is a horizontal-cavity surface-emitting laser including, on a semiconductor substrate: a cavity structure; a waveguide layer; and a reflecting part, wherein a first electrode provided on the semiconductor substrate along side regions of the cavity structure and the reflecting part and a second electrode provided on the main surface of the cavity structure are provided, the first electrode includes an electrode (1) that is provided around one side region of the reflecting part located in the direction intersecting with the traveling direction of light guided through the waveguide layer and an electrode (2) provided around one side region of the cavity structure and the other side region of the reflecting part that are located in the direction parallel with the traveling direction of light guided through the waveguide layer, and the shape of the electrode (2) has different widths at at least two positions.
摘要:
In aiming at cost lowering of an optical module and an optical transmission apparatus and with the objective of providing a semiconductor light receiving element that has a good coherence with the other edge emitting/incidence type optical devices and is capable of performing the positioning easily and with a high accuracy, in the edge emitting/incidence type light receiving element in which the light absorbing layer 19 has been formed, the space region is formed so as to provide at least 100 &mgr;m2 of the marker detecting region 24, thereby facilitating detection of marker 23 on the optical device 26 and executing the positioning of the light receiving element with a high accuracy, the space region resulting from eliminating a part of the light absorbing layer 19 that absorbs the detection light of the light receiving element, the transmission amount of the detection light toward the marker detecting region that is parallel to a primary plane being equal to 30% or higher, the detection light having penetrated and transmitted the primary plane of the light receiving element.
摘要:
The present invention is a method of solidifying sulfur component being the cause of “SOx poisoning” by use of a sulfur solidifier. The solidifier includes a metal element having a function of oxidizing the sulfur component and a basic metal element. And the solidifier solidifies sulfur component before exhaust gas flows into an NOx-occluding reduction-type exhaust purifying catalyst located on an exhaust path. Since the foregoing sulfur solidifier includes the above metal element and the basic metal element, it can effectively solidify the sulfur component which are the cause of the SOx poisoning, and ensure improvement in purification performance.
摘要:
A noble metal composite colloid composed of a plurality of noble metals is constructed to be loaded on a porous oxide support. The noble metals are loaded in particles which are larger than the conventional grains in the atomic state. Thus, vapor pressure decreases and volatile components, such as PtO2, are suppressed from dislocation or diffusion. In addition, affinity of the noble metals with the support is improved, and are suppressed from moving on the support. Thus, nobel metal grain growth is suppressed, decreases in catalytic activity is minimized and durability is improved.
摘要:
An optical assembly structure includes, a semiconductor element generating a large amount of heat and a high impedance optical element which are to be mounted, with low optical loss on the same semiconductor substrate which has an optical waveguide formed thereon.The element generating a large amount of heat is mounted on a terrace of the semiconductor substrate directly or through an insulating layer having a thickness of submicron order, while the high impedance element is mounted in a groove which is etched into the semiconductor substrate to such an extent that the optical axis of the high impedance element mates with the optical axis of the optical waveguide layer formed on a recess in the semiconductor substrate. The optical axes can be adjusted independently for the respective elements. Alternatively, with a potential on the semiconductor substrate set equal to a supply voltage or a ground potential, a crystal substrate for a forward biased heat generating element is given the polarity opposite to that of a crystal substrate for a reverse biased element which may imply a problem of stray capacitance.
摘要:
An optical module including a transimpedance amplifier capable of realizing a high-speed and high-quality receiving operation is provided. A transimpedance amplifier includes: a pre-amplifier using a single-end current signal as an input and converting the single-end current signal to a single-end voltage signal; an automatic decision threshold control detecting a center electric potential of the single-end voltage signal serving as an output of the pre-amplifier; a post-amplifier differentiating and amplifying the single-end voltage signal of the output of the pre-amplifier; and a power circuit supplying power to the pre-amplifier. Particularly, in accordance with an input voltage signal or an output voltage signal of the pre-amplifier, the power circuit outputs a varied current that flows to a supply terminal of the pre-amplifier and a varied current having a phase opposite to that of the varied current. Thus, the power supply current change is cancelled out.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method for improving cognitive performance that encompasses all of: sense; perception; recognition; judgment; and action or suppression; and is based on a higher brain function. The method for improving cognitive performance of the present invention includes administering astaxanthin and/or an ester thereof to an individual. The cognitive performance is, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of judging ability, spatial attention-allocating ability, concentration on the recognition of surroundings, and agility as determined by speed and/or accuracy of a body reaction which requires a higher brain function.
摘要:
A neurocyte protective agent that is capable of alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in neurocytes is provided. The neurocyte protective agent and the agent for protecting neurodegenerative diseases according to the present invention comprise astaxanthin and/or an ester thereof. In particular, the neurocyte protective agent of the present invention is effective in protecting against the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra and noradrenergic neurons of the locus ceruleus, and it is expected that ingestion of the neurocyte protective agent will serve as fundamental therapy for Parkinson's disease.
摘要:
The present invention provides a highly reliable ridge-waveguide semiconductor laser diode and an optical module. The p-side electrode of the ridge-waveguide laser diode has a first conductor layer region and a second conductor layer region formed on the first conductor layer region. At least one of facets of the second conductor layer region is recessed inward from a reflection facet. Thus, the ridge-waveguide semiconductor laser diode has a structure in which strain which is caused by the electrode stress to be applied on the diode facet is reduced and the saturable absorption does not occur. The ridge-waveguide semiconductor laser diode thus obtained is highly reliable, and the optical module using the same is remarkably high in reliability.