摘要:
An efficient cost- and labor-saving method is proposed for controlling the population of two kinds or more of different species of insectan pests in a field by means of distributing dispensers of sex pheromone compounds for the respective species of the insects when one of the sex pheromone compounds is an unsaturated C.sub.10 to C.sub.12 alcohol and the other is an unsaturated C.sub.14 to C.sub.20 acetate or aldehyde. When these two classes of the compounds are mixed in such a proportion that the overall solubility paramater .delta. of the mixture is 9.1 to 9.7 and the mixture is contained in a dispenser body made of polyethylene or a copolymer mainly composed of ethylene moiety, the two compounds can be concurrently emitted from the dispenser in the form of vapor each at a controlled rate over a desired length of time.
摘要:
The invention provides a dispenser form for substainedly releasing vapor of a sex pheromone compound of pest insects with an object to control the population of the insects. The invention dispenser is characterized by the features that: the capacity thereof is sufficiently large to contain at least 100 mg of the pheromone; the barrier wall thereof through which the pheromone permeates to be released from the outer surface is made of a polymeric material swellable with the pheromone in an equilibrium swelling of 2-6% by weight at 20.degree. C.; and the outer surface area S thereof given in mm.sup.2 is sufficient to give a ratio S/W, W being the amount of the pheromone contained therein given in mg, in the range from 4 to 11. The rate of pheromone emission from the dispenser is relatively constant at 0.6 mg/day or larger over a long period of time of, for example, 3 months or longer.
摘要:
In the technology of population control of lepidopteral insects as an agricultural or horticultural pest, such as tomato pinworms, by distributing dispensers of sex pheromone of the species over the field, an unexpected discovery has been made that, to the contrary to the general understanding for the effectiveness of the E-isomer of the pheromone compound, e.g., 4-tridecenyl acetate, a rather higher activity can be obtained by using a mixture of the E-isomer and Z-isomer in a mixing proportion of 1:1 to 3:1 than the E-isomer in a high purity.
摘要:
A control composition which comprises Z,Z/Z,E-7,11-hexadecadienyl acetate and Z,Z/Z,E-7,11-hexadecadienyl alcohol is released into a cotton field in a weight ratio of Z,Z/Z,E-7,11-hexadecadienyl acetate to Z,Z/Z,E-7,11-hexadecadienyl alcohol ranging from 99.2:0.8 to 90:10. The control composition is preferably released in the weight ratio defined above and in a rate ranging from 4 to 80 mg/hr/hectare of field.
摘要:
An improved method is proposed for the preparation of a sex pheromone dispenser used in the elimination of pest insects from the field by the disruption of mating of the insects by distributing sustained-release dispensers containing the sex pheromone compound of the insect over the field. According to the invention, pheromone dispensers made from a polyolefin-based resin and filled with the liquid pheromone are subjected, prior to distribution over the field at a relatively low temperature in early spring, to a pretreatment of keeping them at 35.degree. to 60.degree. C. until the dispenser walls of the polyolefin resin absorb 2 to 10% by weight of the pheromone. When the dispensers after the pre-treatment are distributed, a relatively high rate of pheromone release can be obtained at the low temperature as compared with untreated dispensers so that the rate of pheromone release can be relatively uniform over the whole period of the season in which the pheromone dispensers are kept over the field.
摘要:
A mating disruption method for the control of insect pests comprises releasing a sex pheromone in a field wherein an adsorption of the sex pheromone to a soil in the field is decreased.
摘要:
An artificial soil structure includes at least one hydrophobic layer of hydrophobic particles provided in a soil. A particle size of the hydrophobic particles can be 2000 micrometers and less. The hydrophobic particles are sand and/or dirt treated with a water-repellent agent or hydrophobic particles having a high molecular weight polymer. An artificial water-retentive soil structure includes a soil block containing a water-retentive agent and a hydrophobic layer of hydrophobic particles provided on the soil block. A method of preventing land desertification includes the steps of placing a hydrophobic layer of hydrophobic particles in a soil at a prescribed depth from the earth surface and controlling the water content in said soil.
摘要:
Unreacted monomer or monomers and any other volatile organic compounds contained in an aqueous dispersion of polymerizate are removed or separated by a method comprising circulating the aqueous polymerizate dispersion from the bottom of its container to the upper part of the container located over the surface of the dispersion via an exterior conduit. The pressure in the container is maintained at a level reduced to about the saturated vapor pressure of water at the temperature of the dispersion. This manner of separation of monomer from polymer serves to improve the working environment as well as the resulting polymer quality, and the monomer or monomers thus recoverd can be advantageously recycled.
摘要:
Provided is a sustained release preparation capable of uniformly releasing therefrom a volatile chemical for a long period of time even if the amount of a liquid chemical remaining in a tubular container of the sustained release preparation becomes small. Also provided is a container for sustained release preparation, the container being tubular and comprising two layers of outer and inner layers, the inner layer having a thickness of 0.12 to 1.2 mm and having a foamed structure permitting the soaking-up of a liquid chemical to a height of at least 25 mm by capillarity. Also provided is a container unit for sustained release preparation, the unit comprising two or more of the container combined.
摘要:
Provided is a mating disruption method capable of bringing a stable and effective mating disruption result. Specifically provided is a mating disruption method comprising a step of starting to apply a mating disruptant after mating and oviposition of imagoes of the first generation of an insect pest are substantially over and before imagoes of the second generation of the insect pest emerge, the mating disruptant targeting at least one kind of insect pest which contains one or more kinds of acetates as a natural sex pheromone.