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公开(公告)号：US08779700B1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-15
申请号：US14003536
申请日：2013-08-27
IPC分类号： H02P1/00
CPC分类号： H02J7/0014 , B60L11/1866 , H02J7/0019 , H02J7/345 , H02M3/33584 , Y02B40/90 , Y02T10/7055 , Y10T307/685
摘要： What is described is a battery management architecture that eliminates previously described problems of the previous solutions and compensates for the extra cost of a cell-balancing circuit. These advantages are achieved by integrating the voltage step-up and balancing functions as well as charging functions inside a single converter topology. Instead of providing the entire output voltage and power, the converter in this configuration is merely assisting the battery by providing a portion of the power delivered to the load, rather than the entirety of the power delivered to the load. This portion of power is proportional to the difference between the output and the battery pack voltages.
摘要翻译： 所描述的是一种电池管理架构，其消除了先前解决的先前描述的问题并补偿电池平衡电路的额外成本。 这些优点通过在单个转换器拓扑中集成升压和平衡功能以及充电功能来实现。 该配置中的转换器不是提供整个输出电压和功率，而是仅通过提供传送到负载的功率的一部分而不是输送到负载的整个功率来辅助电池。 这部分功率与输出和电池组电压之差成正比。
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公开(公告)号：US20140203737A1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-24
申请号：US14003536
申请日：2013-08-27
CPC分类号： H02J7/0014 , B60L11/1866 , H02J7/0019 , H02J7/345 , H02M3/33584 , Y02B40/90 , Y02T10/7055 , Y10T307/685
摘要： What is described is a battery management architecture that eliminates previously described problems of the previous solutions and compensates for the extra cost of a cell-balancing circuit. These advantages are achieved by integrating the voltage step-up and balancing functions as well as charging functions inside a single converter topology. Instead of providing the entire output voltage and power, the converter in this configuration is merely assisting the battery by providing a portion of the power delivered to the load, rather than the entirety of the power delivered to the load. This portion of power is proportional to the difference between the output and the battery pack voltages.
摘要翻译： 所描述的是一种电池管理架构，其消除了先前解决的先前描述的问题并补偿电池平衡电路的额外成本。 这些优点通过在单个转换器拓扑中集成升压和平衡功能以及充电功能来实现。 该配置中的转换器不是提供整个输出电压和功率，而是仅通过提供传送到负载的功率的一部分而不是输送到负载的整个功率来辅助电池。 这部分功率与输出和电池组电压之差成正比。
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公开(公告)号：US08482271B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-09
申请号：US12886706
申请日：2010-09-21
申请人： Aleksandar Prodic , Jurgen Alico
发明人： Aleksandar Prodic , Jurgen Alico
IPC分类号： G05F1/575
CPC分类号： H02M3/1588 , H02M2003/1566 , Y02B70/1466
摘要： A switching power supply apparatus has a power circuit unit, the power circuit unit including a first switching element connected at a first end to a first end of a power supply, an inductor connected at a first end thereof to a second end of the first switching element, a second output terminal connected to a second end of the inductor, a capacitor connected between a first output terminal and the second output terminal, and a second switching element connected between a second end of the power supply and a second end of the first switching element. The switching power supply apparatus has an optimal response multi-mode digital current program mode control unit, the optimal response multi-mode digital current program mode control unit including an error signal generator which generates an error signal according to a potential difference between an output voltage and a preset voltage, and an inductor current detector which detects and amplifies an inductor current.
摘要翻译： 开关电源装置具有电源电路单元，该电源电路单元包括在第一端连接到电源的第一端的第一开关元件，在其第一端连接到第一开关的第二端的电感器 元件，连接到电感器的第二端的第二输出端子，连接在第一输出端子和第二输出端子之间的电容器，以及连接在电源的第二端和第一端子的第二端之间的第二开关元件 开关元件 开关电源装置具有最佳响应多模数字电流编程模式控制单元，所述最佳响应多模数字电流编程模式控制单元包括误差信号发生器，该误差信号发生器根据输出电压 和预设电压，以及检测和放大电感电流的电感电流检测器。
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4.发明授权Limit-cycle oscillation (LCO) generation by altering a digital transfer function of a feedback loop element 有权通过改变反馈回路元件的数字传递函数产生极限循环振荡（LCO）公开(公告)号：US08077490B1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-13
申请号：US12363875
申请日：2009-02-02
申请人： Aleksandar Prodic , Zhenyu Zhao
发明人： Aleksandar Prodic , Zhenyu Zhao
IPC分类号： H02J1/10
摘要： Limit-cycle oscillation (LCO) generation by altering a digital transfer function of a feedback loop element provides a controllable method and apparatus for generating LCOs within a switch-mode power supply (SMPS). Measurements of the LCO characteristics can then be used to determine characteristics of the SMPS and/or determine proper compensation schemes. At least a zero error code of the feedback loop element is removed, causing the control value to oscillate between at least two values. Additional codes may be progressively removed until an LCO is detected, in order to ensure LCO generation with minimum disruption of SMPS operation. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that converts an output voltage or current to a control value may be used to generate an LCO by removing one or more output codes to alter its transfer function. Alternatively, a quantization step of the pulse-width modulator or other modulator may be increased to temporarily cause LCOs.
摘要翻译： 通过改变反馈回路元件的数字传递函数来产生极限循环振荡（LCO）提供了在开关模式电源（SMPS）内产生LCO的可控方法和装置。 然后可以使用LCO特性的测量来确定SMPS的特性和/或确定适当的补偿方案。 至少消除了反馈回路元件的零错误代码，导致控制值在至少两个值之间振荡。 在检测到LCO之前，可以逐渐移除附加代码，以便以最小的SMPS操作中断来确保LCO生成。 将输出电压或电流转换为控制值的模数转换器（ADC）可用于通过移除一个或多个输出代码来改变其传递函数来产生LCO。 或者，可以增加脉冲宽度调制器或其他调制器的量化步长以暂时导致LCO。
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5.发明授权Digital controller for DC-DC switching converters for operation at ultra-high constant switching frequencies 有权用于DC-DC开关转换器的数字控制器，可在超高恒定开关频率下工作公开(公告)号：US07759921B2
公开(公告)日：2010-07-20
申请号：US11576433
申请日：2005-10-03
申请人： Aleksandar Prodic
发明人： Aleksandar Prodic
IPC分类号： G05F1/00
CPC分类号： H02M3/157
摘要： A digital controller for low-power DC-DC switch mode power supplies (SMPS) suitable for on-chip implementation and use in portable battery-powered systems is provided. The digital controller allows operation at ultra high constant switching frequencies and can be implemented with a simple low-power digital hardware. The digital controller includes a digital pulse width modulator (DPWM), based on a multibit 2nd orders sigma-delta (Σ-Δ) principle, and a dual-sampling mode PID compensator. The output voltage is either sampled at a frequency lower than the switching frequency (undersampled) or sampled at the switching rate. In steady-state, undersampling results in reduced power consumption, while during transients, sampling at the switching rate provides fast transient response. Another aspect of the present invention is a dual sampling/clocking scheme, which is relied on by the DPWM described. A method is also provided for controlling low power DC-DC switch mode power supplies operating at high constant switching frequencies.
摘要翻译： 提供了适用于便携式电池供电系统中片上实现和使用的低功率DC-DC开关模式电源（SMPS）的数字控制器。 数字控制器允许以超高的恒定开关频率运行，并且可以用简单的低功耗数字硬件来实现。 数字控制器包括基于多位二阶Σ-Δ（＆Sgr。 - ＆Dgr）原理的数字脉宽调制器（DPWM）和双采样模式PID补偿器。 输出电压以低于开关频率（欠采样）的频率采样或以开关速率采样。 在稳态下，欠采样会导致功耗降低，而在瞬变期间，采样开关速率提供了快速的瞬态响应。 本发明的另一方面是双取样/时钟方案，其被所描述的DPWM所依赖。 还提供了一种用于控制以高恒定开关频率工作的低功率DC-DC开关模式电源的方法。
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6.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20090267582A1
公开(公告)日：2009-10-29
申请号：US12423338
申请日：2009-04-14
CPC分类号： H02M3/157 , G01R19/0092 , G01R19/25 , H02M2001/0009
摘要： A switched mode power can use a digital controller to control the switching of the at least one switch of the switched mode power supply. The current through the power inductor can be estimated using a self-tuning digital current estimator.
摘要翻译： 开关模式电源可以使用数字控制器来控制开关模式电源的至少一个开关的切换。 可以使用自调谐数字电流估计器来估计通过功率电感器的电流。
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7.发明申请DIGITAL PULSE-WIDTH MODULATOR BASED ON NON-SYMMETRIC SELF-OSCILLATING CIRCUIT 有权基于非对称自振荡电路的数字脉冲宽度调制器公开(公告)号：US20080224756A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-18
申请号：US12034593
申请日：2008-02-20
申请人： Aleksandar Prodic , Kun Wang , Amir Parayandeh
发明人： Aleksandar Prodic , Kun Wang , Amir Parayandeh
IPC分类号： H03K17/28
摘要： A low-power digital pulse-width modulator (DPWM) architecture for high frequency dc-dc switch-mode power supplies (SMPS) is disclosed that is well-suited for integration in power management systems of small handheld devices. The DPWM can operate in a stand-alone mode, without external clock, and can be implemented on a portion of silicon area needed for other DPWM solutions. In addition it has low power consumption and provides a good linearity of the input-to-output characteristic, also not characteristic for other architectures.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于高频直流 - 直流开关电源（SMPS）的低功耗数字脉宽调制器（DPWM）架构，非常适合集成在小型手持设备的电源管理系统中。 DPWM可以在独立模式下工作，无需外部时钟，可以在其他DPWM解决方案所需的一部分硅片上实现。 此外，它具有低功耗，并且提供输入到输出特性的良好线性度，也不是其他架构的特征。
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8.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080204290A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-28
申请号：US11773330
申请日：2007-07-03
申请人： Amir Parayandeh , Aleksandar Prodic
发明人： Amir Parayandeh , Aleksandar Prodic
IPC分类号： H03M3/00
摘要： A voltage-to-time based windowed analog-to-digital converter (ADC) can have programmable reference voltage, conversion time, and accuracy of voltage regulation. The ADC can be fully implemented on a small silicon area and is suitable for implementation in various integrated digital controllers for high-frequency low-power switch-mode power supplies (SMPS). The programmable characteristics can be achieved through the utilization of the inherent averaging effect of the delay line or of the other voltage-to-time conversion structures and through the adjustments of delay cells' propagation times or the effective voltage-to-time conversion ratio in alternative structures.
摘要翻译： 基于电压 - 时间的窗口模数转换器（ADC）可以具有可编程参考电压，转换时间和电压调节精度。 ADC可以在小型硅片上完全实现，适用于高频低功耗开关电源（SMPS）的各种集成数字控制器。 可编程特性可以通过利用延迟线或其他电压 - 时间转换结构的固有平均效应，并通过调整延迟单元的传播时间或有效的电压 - 时间转换比来实现 替代结构。
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9.发明授权Low-volume programmable-output PFC rectifier with dynamic efficiency and transient response optimization 有权低容量可编程输出PFC整流器，具有动态效率和瞬态响应优化公开(公告)号：US08937818B2
公开(公告)日：2015-01-20
申请号：US13758848
申请日：2013-02-04
CPC分类号： H02M3/33507 , H02M1/4208 , H02M3/33576 , Y02B70/126
摘要： The present invention is a system, apparatus and method of a PFC rectifier having a programmable output voltage that does not incur a drastic penalty in the overall size or volume of the device, or a significant degradation in efficiency. The PFC rectifier of the present invention may incorporate a two-stage solution for output voltage regulation. The present invention provides a topology of a small-size/volume PFC rectifier with a variable (i.e. programmable) output voltage and a complementary control method. The two-stage system of the present invention incorporates a smaller and lower cost capacitor than the bulky size and costly energy storage capacitors required in conventional prior art. The present invention also achieves tight output regulation. The two-stage topology of the present invention further achieves on-line efficiency optimization and significantly reduces the volume of the downstream stage over the prior art examples through dynamic adjustment of the downstream stage supply voltage.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种具有可编程输出电压的PFC整流器的系统，装置和方法，其不会对器件的总体大小或体积造成严重的损害，或者效率的显着劣化。 本发明的PFC整流器可以包括用于输出电压调节的两级解决方案。 本发明提供具有可变（即可编程）输出电压和互补控制方法的小尺寸/体积PFC整流器的拓扑结构。 本发明的两级系统包括比传统现有技术中所需的庞大尺寸和昂贵的储能电容器的更小和更低成本的电容器。 本发明还实现了严格的输出调节。 本发明的两级拓扑结构进一步实现了在线效率优化，并且通过动态调整下游级电源电压，显着地减少了现有技术示例中的下游级的体积。
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公开(公告)号：US08880178B2
公开(公告)日：2014-11-04
申请号：US13701722
申请日：2011-06-02
CPC分类号： A61N1/36125 , A61N1/0476 , A61N1/36003 , A61N1/36014 , A61N1/36067 , A61N1/36103 , A61N1/3615 , A61N1/36167 , A61N1/36171 , H03K3/78
摘要： Disclosed herein is a functional electrical stimulation (FES) device and system. In one embodiment, sequential bipolar pulse stimulation may be provided to an area of a living body via one or more electrode leads applied to the area via a FES device comprising a current pulse generating circuit comprising output nodes for operative coupling to the one or more electrode leads, and configured for operative coupling to a voltage supply. The current pulse generating circuit generally comprises positive and negative stimulation paths drawing from the voltage supply to respectively apply positive and negative currents through the area via the one or more electrode leads. In one example, the stimulation paths comprise respective capacitive elements, a capacitance ratio of which dictating, at least in part, an amplitude ratio of the positive and negative currents, wherein periodic alternative activation of the stimulation paths provides the sequential bipolar pulse stimulation. In another example, each path comprises a respective charging element and a respective activation switch, wherein each respective charging element is charged by the voltage supply and discharged upon activation of the respective activation switch to generate positive and negative current pulses respectively, such that a pulse rise time of the positive and negative current pulses is predominantly dictated by a switching speed of each respective switch. Systems and uses for these devices, and FES in general, are also described.
摘要翻译： 本文公开了功能性电刺激（FES）装置和系统。 在一个实施例中，顺序双极脉冲刺激可以经由经由FES装置施加到该区域的一个或多个电极引线提供给生物体的一个区域，该FES装置包括电流脉冲发生电路，该电流脉冲发生电路包括用于与一个或多个电极 引线，并被配置为与电压源的操作耦合。 电流脉冲发生电路通常包括从电压源抽取的正和负刺激路径，以分别通过一个或多个电极引线通过该区域施加正电流和负电流。 在一个示例中，刺激路径包括相应的电容元件，其电容比至少部分地表示正和负电流的振幅比，其中刺激路径的周期性替代激活提供顺序的双极脉冲刺激。 在另一示例中，每个路径包括相应的充电元件和相应的启动开关，其中每个相应的充电元件由电压源充电并且在激活相应的启动开关时被放电以分别产生正和负电流脉冲，使得脉冲 正和负电流脉冲的上升时间主要由每个相应开关的切换速度决定。 还描述了这些装置和FES的系统和用途。
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