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    Degradation protection of solid alkali ion conductive electrolyte membrane
    3.
    发明授权
    Degradation protection of solid alkali ion conductive electrolyte membrane 有权
    固体碱离子导电电解质膜的降解保护

    公开(公告)号：US09431682B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-08-30

    申请号：US14072468

    申请日：2013-11-05

    Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

    Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Mathew Robins ,  Chett Boxley

    IPC: H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/42 ,  H01M4/36 ,  H01M10/39 ,  H01M4/52

    CPC classification number: H01M10/4235 ,  H01M4/368 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/39 ,  H01M10/3918 ,  H01M2300/0074

    Abstract: The present invention provides an electrochemical cell having an negative electrode compartment and a positive electrode compartment. A solid alkali ion conductive electrolyte membrane is positioned between the negative electrode compartment and the positive electrode compartment. A catholyte solution in the positive electrode compartment includes a halide ion or pseudohalide ion concentration greater than 3M, which provides degradation protection to the alkali ion conductive electrolyte membrane. The halide ion or pseudohalide ion is selected from chloride, bromide, iodide, azide, thiocyanate, and cyanide. In some embodiments, the electrochemical cell is a molten sodium rechargeable cell which functions at an operating temperature between about 100° C. and about 150° C.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供具有负电极室和正电极室的电化学电池。 固体碱离子传导性电解质膜位于负极室和正极室之间。 正电极室中的阴极电解液包含大于3M的卤离子或拟卤化物离子浓度，其为碱离子导电电解质膜提供降解保护。 卤离子或拟卤离子选自氯化物，溴化物，碘化物，叠氮化物，硫氰酸盐和氰化物。 在一些实施方案中，电化学电池是在约100℃至约150℃的操作温度下起作用的熔融钠可再充电电池。

    SODIUM-HALOGEN SECONDARY CELL
    4.
    发明申请
    SODIUM-HALOGEN SECONDARY CELL 审中-公开
    钠卤素二次细胞

    公开(公告)号：US20160087313A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-03-24

    申请号：US14956078

    申请日：2015-12-01

    Applicant: CERAMATEC, INC.

    Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Mathew Robins ,  Alexis Eccleston

    IPC: H01M10/39 ,  H01M10/0563 ,  H01M4/38 ,  H01M10/054

    CPC classification number: H01M10/399 ,  H01M2/40 ,  H01M4/381 ,  H01M4/388 ,  H01M4/62 ,  H01M4/661 ,  H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/0563 ,  H01M10/36 ,  H01M10/4235 ,  H01M2300/0054 ,  H01M2300/0068

    Abstract: An intermediate temperature sodium-halogen secondary cell that includes a negative electrode compartment housing a negative, molten sodium-based electrode and a positive electrode compartment housing a current collector disposed in a highly conductive molten positive electrolyte. A sodium halide (NaX) positive electrode is disposed in a molten positive electrolyte comprising one or more AlX3 salts, wherein X may be the same or different halogen selected from Cl, Br, and I, wherein the ratio of NaX to AlX3 is greater than or equal to one. A sodium ion conductive solid electrolyte membrane separates the molten sodium negative electrode from the molten positive electrolyte. The secondary cell operates at a temperature in the range from about 80° C. to 210° C.

    Abstract translation: 一种中间温度的钠卤素二次电池，其包括容纳负极熔融钠基电极的负极室和容纳设置在高导电性熔融正电解质中的集电体的正电极室。 将卤化钠（NaX）正极置于包含一种或多种AlX 3盐的熔融正电解质中，其中X可以是相同或不同的选自Cl，Br和I的卤素，其中NaX与AlX3的比例大于 或等于1。 钠离子传导性固体电解质膜将熔融的钠负极与熔融的正电解质分离。 二次电池在约80℃至210℃的温度下工作。

    LOW VISCOSITY/HIGH CONDUCTIVITY SODIUM HALOALUMINATE ELECTROLYTE
    5.
    发明申请
    LOW VISCOSITY/HIGH CONDUCTIVITY SODIUM HALOALUMINATE ELECTROLYTE 有权
    低粘度/高电导率的铝酸钠电解质

    公开(公告)号：US20140363717A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-12-11

    申请号：US14298302

    申请日：2014-06-06

    Applicant: CERAMATEC, INC.

    Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  Mathew Robins

    IPC: H01M10/0563 ,  H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/0567

    CPC classification number: H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/399 ,  H01M2300/0048 ,  H01M2300/0057

    Abstract: An additive that is added to the NaAlX4 electrolyte for use in a ZEBRA battery (or other similar battery). This additive has a moiety with a partial positive charge (δ+) that attracts the negative charge of the [AlX4]− moiety and weakens the ionic bond between the Na+ and [AlX4]− moieties, thereby freeing some Na+ ions to transport (move). By using a suitable NaAlX4 electrolyte additive, the battery may be operated at much lower temperatures than are typical of ZEBRA batteries (such as, for example, at temperatures between 150 and 200° C.). Additionally, the additive also lowers the viscosity of the electrolyte solution and improves sodium conductivity. Non-limiting examples of the additive SOCl2, SO2, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, CH3SOCH3), CH3S(O)Cl, SO2Cl2. A further advantage of using this additive is that it allows the use of a NaSICON membrane in a ZEBRA-type battery at lower temperatures compared to a typical ZEBRA battery.

    Abstract translation: 添加到用于ZEBRA电池（或其他类似电池）中的NaAlX 4电解质的添加剂。 该添加剂具有部分正电荷（δ+），其吸引[AlX 4] - 部分的负电荷并削弱Na +和[AlX 4]部分之间的离子键，从而释放一些Na +离子输送（移动 ）。 通过使用合适的NaAlX4电解质添加剂，电池可以在比典型的ZEBRA电池（例如在150和200℃之间的温度）低得多的温度下操作。 此外，添加剂还降低了电解质溶液的粘度并提高了钠电导率。 添加剂SOCl2，SO2，二甲基亚砜（DMSO，CH3SOCH3），CH3S（O）Cl，SO2Cl2的非限制性实例。 使用这种添加剂的另一个优点是，与典型的ZEBRA电池相比，它允许在较低温度下在ZEBRA型电池中使用NaSICON膜。

    PRODUCTION OF VALUABLE CHEMICALS BY ELECTROREDUCTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN A NASICON CELL
    6.
    发明申请
    PRODUCTION OF VALUABLE CHEMICALS BY ELECTROREDUCTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN A NASICON CELL 有权
    通过在NASICON细胞中二氧化碳的电解制备有价值的化学物质

    公开(公告)号：US20140251822A1

    公开(公告)日：2014-09-11

    申请号：US14198289

    申请日：2014-03-05

    Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

    Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju ,  James Mosby

    IPC: C25B9/08 ,  C25B3/04

    CPC classification number: C25B9/08 ,  C25B3/04

    Abstract: A NaSICON cell is used to convert carbon dioxide into a usable, valuable product. In general, this reaction occurs at the cathode where electrons are used to reduce the carbon dioxide, in the presence of water and/or hydrogen gas, to form formate, methane, ethylene, other hydrocarbons and/or other chemicals. The particular chemical that is formed depends upon the reaction conditions, the voltage applied, etc.

    Abstract translation: NaSICON电池用于将二氧化碳转化成可用的有价值的产品。 通常，这种反应发生在阴极处，其中电子用于在水和/或氢气的存在下还原二氧化碳，以形成甲酸盐，甲烷，乙烯，其它烃和/或其它化学物质。 形成的具体化学物质取决于反应条件，施加的电压等。

    REUSABLE SPRAY BOTTLE WITH INTEGRATED DISPENSER
    7.
    发明申请
    REUSABLE SPRAY BOTTLE WITH INTEGRATED DISPENSER 审中-公开
    具有集成分配器的可重复喷射瓶

    公开(公告)号：US20130277211A1

    公开(公告)日：2013-10-24

    申请号：US13856908

    申请日：2013-04-04

    Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

    Inventor： Ashok V. Joshi ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    IPC: B05B11/00 ,  C25B9/00

    CPC classification number: B05B11/0081 ,  C02F1/4672 ,  C02F1/4674 ,  C02F1/686 ,  C02F1/687 ,  C02F1/688 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/46165 ,  C02F2201/4618 ,  C02F2307/02 ,  C25B9/00

    Abstract: An apparatus for cleaning and/or disinfecting surfaces and objects is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, such an apparatus includes a spray bottle that is refillable with water. A dispenser is integrated into the spray bottle to dispense a soluble material into the water to produce a solution. The soluble material includes at least one of a cleaning agent and a disinfecting agent. The soluble material is provided in a quantity sufficient to last several refills of the spray bottle.

    Abstract translation: 本文公开了一种用于清洁和/或消毒表面和物体的设备。 在一个实施例中，这种装置包括可用水重新填充的喷雾瓶。 将分配器集成到喷雾瓶中以将可溶性物质分配到水中以产生溶液。 可溶性材料包括清洁剂和消毒剂中的至少一种。 提供的可溶性材料的量足以使喷雾瓶几次重新装满。

    SODIUM-ALUMINUM BATTERY WITH SODIUM ION CONDUCTIVE CERAMIC SEPARATOR
    9.
    发明申请
    SODIUM-ALUMINUM BATTERY WITH SODIUM ION CONDUCTIVE CERAMIC SEPARATOR 审中-公开
    带铝离子导电陶瓷分离器的铝 - 铝电池

    公开(公告)号：US20160308253A1

    公开(公告)日：2016-10-20

    申请号：US15130741

    申请日：2016-04-15

    Applicant: CERAMATEC, INC.

    Inventor： Mathew Robins ,  Sai Bhavaraju

    IPC: H01M10/39 ,  H01M10/0562 ,  H01M10/0563

    Abstract: The present invention provides a sodium-aluminum secondary cell. The cell includes a sodium metal negative electrode, a positive electrode compartment that includes an aluminum positive electrode disposed in a positive electrolyte mixture of NaAl2X7 and NaAlX4, where X is a halogen atom or mixture of different halogen atoms selected from chlorine, bromine, and iodine, and a sodium ion conductive electrolyte membrane that separates the negative electrode from the positive electrolyte. In such cases, the electrolyte membrane can include any suitable material, including, without limitation, a NaSICON-type membrane. Generally, when the cell functions, both the sodium negative electrode and the positive electrolyte are molten and in contact with the electrolyte membrane. Additionally, the cell is functional at an operating temperature between about 100° C. and about 200° C.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种钠 - 铝二次电池。 电池包括钠金属负极，正极室，其包括设置在NaAl 2 X 7和NaAlX 4的正电解质混合物中的铝正电极，其中X是卤素原子或选自氯，溴和碘的不同卤素原子的混合物 ，以及将负极与正极电解质分离的钠离子传导性电解质膜。 在这种情况下，电解质膜可以包括任何合适的材料，包括但不限于NaSICON型膜。 通常，当电池功能时，钠负极和正电解质都熔融并与电解质膜接触。 此外，电池在约100℃至约200℃的工作温度下起作用。

    Hybrid molten/solid sodium anode for room/intermediate temperature electric vehicle battery
    10.
    发明授权
    Hybrid molten/solid sodium anode for room/intermediate temperature electric vehicle battery 有权
    混合熔融/固体钠阳极用于房间/中温电动汽车电池

    公开(公告)号：US09431656B2

    公开(公告)日：2016-08-30

    申请号：US14292130

    申请日：2014-05-30

    Applicant: Ceramatec, Inc.

    Inventor： Sai Bhavaraju

    IPC: H01M4/38 ,  H01M2/40 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/056 ,  H01M10/39 ,  H01M10/615 ,  H01M10/66

    CPC classification number: H01M4/381 ,  H01M2/40 ,  H01M4/134 ,  H01M10/054 ,  H01M10/056 ,  H01M10/39 ,  H01M10/615 ,  H01M10/66 ,  H01M2220/20 ,  H01M2300/0045 ,  H01M2300/0074 ,  Y02E60/122

    Abstract: A hybrid battery with a sodium anode is designed for use at a range of temperatures where the sodium is solid and where the sodium is molten. When the battery is at colder temperatures or when the vehicle is idle and needs to be “started,” the anode will be solid sodium metal. At the same time, the battery is designed such that, once the electric vehicle has been “started” and operated for a short period of time, heat is directed to the battery to melt the solid sodium anode into a molten form. In other words, the hybrid battery operates under temperature conditions where the sodium is solid and under temperature conditions where the sodium is molten.

    Abstract translation: 具有钠阳极的混合电池被设计用于在钠是固体并且钠熔融的温度范围内使用。 当电池处于较冷的温度或车辆闲置并需要“启动”时，阳极将是固体钠金属。 同时，电池被设计成使得一旦电动车辆“启动”并且在短时间内运行，则将热量导向电池以将固体钠阳极熔化成熔融形式。 换句话说，混合电池在钠是固体的温度条件下和在钠熔融的温度条件下运行。

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