Engineering Bright Sub-10-nm Upconverting Nanocrystals for Single-Molecule Imaging
    4.
    发明申请
    Engineering Bright Sub-10-nm Upconverting Nanocrystals for Single-Molecule Imaging 审中-公开
    工程亮度亚10-nm上转换纳米晶体用于单分子成像

    公开(公告)号:US20150241349A1

    公开(公告)日:2015-08-27

    申请号:US14620644

    申请日:2015-02-12

    IPC分类号: G01N21/64 C09K11/77

    CPC分类号: C09K11/7773

    摘要: Various embodiments of the invention describe the synthesis of upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs), lanthanide-doped hexagonal β-phase sodium yttrium fluoride NaYF4:Er3+/Yb3 nanocrystals, less than 10 nanometers in diameter that are over an order of magnitude brighter under single-particle imaging conditions than existing compositions, allowing visualization of single UCNPs as small (d=4.8 nm) as fluorescent proteins. We use Advanced single-particle characterization and theoretical modeling is demonstrated to find that surface effects become critical at diameters under 20 nm, and that the fluences used in single-molecule imaging change the dominant determinants of nanocrystal brightness. These results demonstrate that factors known to increase brightness in bulk experiments lose importance at higher excitation powers, and that, paradoxically, the brightest probes under single-molecule excitation are barely luminescent at the ensemble level.

    摘要翻译: 本发明的各种实施方案描述了上转换纳米颗粒(UCNP),镧系元素掺杂的六方晶相和钇相钇钇纳米晶NaYF4:Er3 + / Yb3纳米晶体的合成,其直径小于10纳米, 颗粒成像条件比现有的组合物,允许作为荧光蛋白作为小(d = 4.8nm)的单个UCNP的可视化。 我们使用先进的单粒子表征,理论模拟被证明发现,表面效应在20nm以下的直径下变得至关重要,单分子成像中使用的光束改变了纳米晶体亮度的主要决定因素。 这些结果表明,在较高的激发功率下,众所周知增加亮度的因素在较高的激发功率下变得重要,而在单分子激发下,最亮的探针在整体水平上几乎不发光。

    GRADED THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS
    8.
    发明申请
    GRADED THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS 审中-公开
    分级热电材料

    公开(公告)号:US20170069815A1

    公开(公告)日:2017-03-09

    申请号:US15254918

    申请日:2016-09-01

    IPC分类号: H01L35/26 H01L35/34 H01L35/16

    CPC分类号: H01L35/26 H01L35/16 H01L35/34

    摘要: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to graded thermoelectric materials. In one aspect, a method includes providing a plurality of nanostructures. The plurality of nanostructures comprise a thermoelectric material, with nanostructures of the plurality of nanostructures having first ligands disposed on surfaces of the nanostructures. The plurality of nanostructures is deposited on a substrate to form a layer. The layer is contacted with a solution containing second ligands. A ligand exchange process occurs where some of the first ligands disposed on the plurality of nanostructures are replaced with the second ligands. A first region of the layer is removed from contact with the solution so that the ligand exchange process does not occur in the first region of the layer, with the ligand exchange process occurring in the layer in contact with the solution. The layer is then removed from contact with the solution.

    摘要翻译: 本公开提供了与分级热电材料相关的系统,方法和装置。 一方面,一种方法包括提供多个纳米结构。 多个纳米结构包括热电材料,多个纳米结构的纳米结构具有设置在纳米结构表面上的第一配体。 多个纳米结构沉积在基底上以形成层。 该层与含有第二配体的溶液接触。 发生配体交换过程,其中设置在多个纳米结构上的一些第一配体被第二配体取代。 去除该层的第一区域与溶液接触,使得配体交换过程不会发生在层的第一区域中,配体交换过程发生在与溶液接触的层中。 然后将该层与溶液接触除去。