摘要:
The invention relates to layer systems having at least one layer comprising titanium aluminum oxide. The layer comprising titanium aluminum oxide may be either a functional layer—with or without interruption by an intermediate layer which is optically inactive—or a functional layer formed from a metal oxide which is interrupted by an intermediate layer comprising titanium aluminum oxide. The layer systems are structurally and thermally stable at operating temperatures of over 600° C. The layer systems may either comprise only one functional layer or may be a multilayer system, preferably an alternating layer system composed of functional layers with high and low refractive indices.
摘要:
A scratchproof, temperature-stable protective layer, in particular a scratch-resistant protective layer for cooking hobs is provided. In addition, processes and an apparatus for producing these protective layers are provided. The protective layer includes at least one hard-material layer having a functional layer interrupted by very thin interlayers so that the functional layer has a morphologically dense columnar structure that grows substantially perpendicular to the body surface. The production of layers of this type is achieved by a magnetron sputtering process and a corresponding arrangement, with the tendency of the columnar structures to widen out being reduced by targeted interruption of the growth of the functional layers.
摘要:
A method of producing substrates with functional layers which have high optical properties and/or a high surface smoothness, in particular a low turbidity and significantly lower roughness, is provided. The method includes a sputtering process for coating a substrate with at least one functional layer, the sputtering process being interrupted at least once by the application of an intermediate layer with a thickness of less than 20 nm.
摘要:
The invention relates to layer systems having at least one layer comprising titanium aluminum oxide. The layer comprising titanium aluminum oxide may be either a functional layer—with or without interruption by an intermediate layer which is optically inactive—or a functional layer formed from a metal oxide which is interrupted by an intermediate layer comprising titanium aluminum oxide. The layer systems are structurally and thermally stable at operating temperatures of over 600° C. The layer systems may either comprise only one functional layer or may be a multilayer system, preferably an alternating layer system composed of functional layers with high and low refractive indices.
摘要:
The invention relates to a coated object in which coatings remain of a constant and unchanged high quality despite operating temperatures of more than 350° C. This is achieved with interlayers which deliberately interrupt and thereby stabilize the morphology of the coating.
摘要:
A method of producing substrates with functional layers which have high optical properties and/or a high surface smoothness, in particular a low turbidity and significantly lower roughness, is provided. The method includes a sputtering process for coating a substrate with at least one functional layer, the sputtering process being interrupted at least once by the application of an intermediate layer with a thickness of less than 20 nm.
摘要:
A system for capturing and displaying not directly-viewable spaces near a vehicle includes an apparatus for image capturing and an apparatus for image display. The apparatus for image capturing captures at least two arbitrary points Q and R. A ground plane is spanned by the Cartesian coordinates xv and yv, and xv lies in the vehicle middle plane. The display displays an image that includes an image Q′ of the point Q and an image R′ of the point R on a display plane spanned by the Cartesian coordinates xv′ and yv′, with xv′ lying on a reproduction of the vehicle middle plane. A projection QR, xv of the vector QR onto xv and a projection Q′R′, xv′ of a vector Q′R′ onto xv′ have the same direction, and a projection QR, yv of the vector QR onto yv and a projection Q′R′, yv′ of a vector Q′R′ onto yv′ have the same direction.
摘要:
A system for capturing and displaying not directly-viewable spaces near a vehicle includes an apparatus for image capturing and an apparatus for image display. The apparatus for image capturing captures at least two arbitrary points Q and R. A ground plane is spanned by the Cartesian coordinates xv and yv, and xv lies in the vehicle middle plane. The display displays an image that includes an image Q′ of the point Q and an image R′ of the point R on a display plane spanned by the Cartesian coordinates xv′ and yv′, with xv′ lying on a reproduction of the vehicle middle plane. A projection QR,xv of the vector QR onto xv and a projection Q′R′,xv′ of a vector Q′R′ onto xv′ have the same direction, and a projection QR,yv of the vector QR onto yv and a projection Q′R′,yv′ of a vector Q′R′ onto yv′ have the same direction.
摘要:
Objects to be printed are loaded one-by-one onto a conveyor extending through and upstream from a printing station in a longitudinally extending row in groups each having a predetermined number n of longitudinally aligned objects and a longitudinal length equal to n times a predetermined step length and with the groups separated in the row from one another by an empty gap having a short length equal to n−1 times the predetermined step length. The thus oriented objects are moved by the conveyor through the printing station in alternating long steps having a long length equal to n times the predetermined step length and short steps equal to n−1 times the predetermined step length such that with each long step one of the groups is positioned in the printing station. In the printing station the objects are taken off the conveyor, printed, and returned to the conveyor between the long steps.
摘要:
The invention pertains to murine TLR9 and related TLR9s which include murine-specific amino acids, as well as nucleic acids which encode those polypeptides. The present invention also includes fragments and biologically functional variants of the murine TLR9. The invention further relates to methods of using such murine and non-murine TLR9 nucleic acids and polypeptides, especially in methods for screening for agonists and antagonists of immunostimulatory CpG nucleic acids. Also included are murine TLR9 inhibitors which inhibit murine TLR9 activity by inhibiting the expression or function of murine TLR9. In a further aspect the present invention pertains to murine TLR7 and murine TLR8, as well as related TLR7 and TLR8 molecules which include murine-specific amino acids, as well as nucleic acids which encode those polypeptides. The present invention also includes fragments and biologically functional variants of the murine TLR7 and TLR8. Methods are included for screening for ligands of TLR7 and TLR8, as well as for inhibitors and agonists and antagonists of signaling mediated by TLR7 and TLR8.