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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5019322A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-28
申请号：US233980
申请日：1988-08-19
摘要： A gas cooled nuclear reactor may have a stationary pile of spherical operating elements. The reactor may be controlled and shut down by absorber rods displaceable in channels of the side reflector. The neutron sources required for the safe start-up of such pellet pile reactors, which in the case of higher capacity pile reactors are installed in bores of the side reflector, are arranged in the stationary pile, where they are more effective and do not occupy positions in the side reflector. They may be located in one or more graphite elements having the same diameter as the operating elements. These elements may be introduced and removed into and from the core together with the operating elements and remain stationary in operation.
摘要翻译： 气体冷却的核反应堆可能具有静止的球形操作元件。 反应器可以通过在侧反射器的通道中可移位的吸收器杆来控制和关闭。 安装起来的这种堆堆堆堆反应堆安全启动所需的中子源，在较高容量的堆堆反应堆的情况下安装在侧面反射器的孔中，被安排在固定桩中，它们更有效并且不占用 侧面反射器中的位置。 它们可以位于具有与操作元件相同直径的一个或多个石墨元件中。 这些元件可以与操作元件一起被引入和移出到芯中，并且在操作中保持静止。
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公开(公告)号：US5032349A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-16
申请号：US5584
申请日：1987-01-21
申请人： Siegfried Brandes , Claus Elter , Hubert Handel , Dietrich Leithner , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
发明人： Siegfried Brandes , Claus Elter , Hubert Handel , Dietrich Leithner , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
CPC分类号： G21C7/107 , G21C5/04 , G21Y2002/206 , G21Y2002/50 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/39
摘要： A process is provided for the long term shutdown of a high temperature nuclear reactor comprised of a pile of spherical fuel elements in a core by means of a neutron absorbing absorber material wherein the absorber material consisting of spherical absorber elements is introduced in the core of spherical fuel elements in the form of a column, but wherein the intermixing of the absorber material with the fuel elements is prevented. An apparatus for practicing the process is also provided comprised of a graphite side reflector concentrically surrounding a circular cylindrical core filled with a pile of spherical fuel elements of a high temperature nuclear reactor, into which at least two nose shaped projections distributed uniformly about the circumference radially project, with each of the projections comprising a vertical cavity to contain the absorber material. The vertical cavity is located in the vicinity of the core in the area of the frontal side facing the core of each projection. Pourable absorber material provided by means of a reservoir located above the core and introduced into the vertical cavity penetrates the pile of spherical fuel elements in the form of a column, thereby absorbing neutron radiation.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种方法，用于通过中子吸收吸收材料长期关闭由核心中的一堆球形燃料元件组成的高温核反应堆，其中将由球形吸收体元件组成的吸收体材料引入球形核心 燃料元件为柱形，但是其中防止了吸收体与燃料元件的混合。 还提供了一种用于实施该方法的设备，其包括石英侧反射器，其同心地围绕填充有高温核反应堆的一堆球形燃料元件的圆柱形芯，至少两个鼻形突起围绕径向均匀分布 其中每个突起包括垂直腔以容纳吸收体材料。 垂直腔位于面向每个突起的芯的正面的区域中的芯附近。 通过位于核心上方并被引入垂直腔中的储存器提供的可倾式吸收体材料以柱形式穿透一堆球形燃料元件，从而吸收中子辐射。
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公开(公告)号：US4923670A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-08
申请号：US128442
申请日：1987-12-03
摘要： A roof reflector comprising at least three individual layers of tapered layer elements combined in the form of vertical columns. Each column rests on a block column of the lateral reflector. Individual elements are secured by wedges and dowels to permit vertical column movements without constraint. The top and bottom layers comprise gas collector spaces communicating with each other by passage openings in the middle layer. In the top and bottom layers are also slot-shaped passage openings leading to an from the collector spaces. Preferably, they are radially offset relative to the passage openings in the middle layer to obtain good gas mixing as it rises through the reflector.Such a roof reflector is useful for avoiding roof reflector element damage if one element is vertically displaced relative to an adjacent element. The roof elements are carefully designed to achieve this end and maintain cover utility.
摘要翻译： 一种屋顶反射器，包括以垂直柱的形式组合的至少三个锥形层元件的单独层。 每列搁置在横向反射器的块列上。 单个元件通过楔形和榫钉固定，以允许垂直柱移动而不受约束。 顶层和底层包括通过中间层中的通道开口彼此连通的气体收集器空间。 顶层和底层也是从收集空间通向的槽形通道开口。 优选地，它们相对于中间层中的通道开口径向偏移，以在通过反射器上升时获得良好的气体混合。 如果一个元件相对于相邻元件垂直移位，这种屋顶反射器可用于避免屋顶反射器元件损坏。 屋顶元件经过精心设计，以达到此目的，并保持盖板效用。
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公开(公告)号：US4830818A
公开(公告)日：1989-05-16
申请号：US5585
申请日：1987-01-21
CPC分类号： G21C5/04 , G21C11/06 , G21C7/107 , G21Y2002/206 , G21Y2004/10 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/33 , Y02E30/39 , Y10S376/904
摘要： A gas-cooled high temperature reactor having a core filled with spherical fuel elements is provided comprising a graphite side reflector including at least one nose-like projection comprised of a plurality of graphite nose stones stacked one upon the other, said nose stones each including at least one vertically disposed continuous cavity aligned with at least one vertically disposed continuous cavity in adjacent nose stones, said cavity adapted to receive discrete absorber material elements introduced into the reactor core, said nose stones further including at least one vertically aligned continuous gap which extends into said nose stones from a front portion thereof and is aligned with a corresponding continuous gap in adjacent nose stones, communication between said continuous gap and said cavity being prevented, said nose stones also comprising in top and bottom surfaces thereof sealing means which enable adjacent nose stones to be stacked in a manner sufficient to seal said at least one cavity in a gas-tight manner, thus preventing communication between said cavity and said core.
摘要翻译： 提供一种具有填充有球形燃料元件的芯的气体冷却式高温反应器，其包括石墨侧反射器，该石墨侧反射器包括至少一个鼻状突起，所述至少一个鼻状突起包括彼此堆叠的多个石墨鼻石块， 至少一个垂直设置的连续空腔与相邻鼻梁中的至少一个垂直设置的连续空腔对准，所述腔适于接收引入到反应堆芯中的不连续的吸收体材料元件，所述鼻结石还包括至少一个垂直排列的连续间隙， 所述鼻梁从其前部分并与相邻鼻梁中的相应的连续间隙对准，防止所述连续间隙和所述空腔之间的连通，所述鼻石头还包括其顶表面和底表面，其密封装置使得相邻的鼻石头 以足以密封所述室的方式堆叠 以一个气密的方式延伸一个空腔，从而防止所述空腔和所述芯之间的连通。
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公开(公告)号：US4917855A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-17
申请号：US155130
申请日：1988-02-11
CPC分类号： G21C7/08 , G21C19/28 , G21C9/027 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/304 , Y02E30/39
摘要： A shutdown system for a high temperature nuclear reactor where absorber material elements in the form of balls pass from an elevated reservoir into a vertical channel formed by aligned vertical cavities in horizontal, nose-shaped projections from the side reflector. The balls are transported back to the reservoir by way of a conveyor device. It must be insured that even in the case of accidents the absorber balls arrive in the cavities and that a rapid return of the absorber balls into the reservoir takes place. For the purpose, the reservoir is provided with an automatically-actuated and controllable device for releasing an opening between the reservoir and the vertical channel feed line. Below the channel is a removal tube terminating in a housing and arranged to form a pile of the absorber balls which seals the removal tube. To return the absorber balls, a metering gas acts on the pile and brings the absorber balls to a carrier gas. The carrier gas returns the absorber balls into the reservoir while the gaseous proporation of the carrier gas flow is returned for the reservoir into the pressure vessel.
摘要翻译： 用于高温核反应堆的关闭系统，其中球形吸收材料元件从升高的储存器通过从侧反射器的水平的鼻形突起中由对准的垂直空腔形成的垂直通道。 球通过传送装置被运送回储存器。 必须保证，即使在事故的情况下，吸收器球到达空腔，并且发生吸收器球快速返回到储存器中。 为此，储存器设置有用于释放储存器和垂直通道进料管线之间的开口的自动致动和可控制的装置。 通道下面是一个终止于外壳中的移除管，并且被布置成形成一堆密封去除管的吸收器球。 为了返回吸收器球，计量气体作用在桩上并将吸收球带入载气中。 载体气体将吸收器返回到储存器中，同时将载气流的气体排出物返回到储存器进入压力容器。
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公开(公告)号：US4424531A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-03
申请号：US265693
申请日：1981-05-20
CPC分类号： H04N5/2259 , H04N5/2256 , H04N2005/2255
摘要： An inspection device for the inspection of internal spaces in nuclear reactor installations requires extremely small dimensions while being capable of use at high temperatures and exposures to radiation during shutdown periods of the reactor. The device is designed so that it is readily adapted to a particular inspection purpose. The particular device meeting these requirements comprises a camera arranged in a tube and cooled in such tube. The objective of the camera and/or a mirror are each connected with means for relative movement. A source light and the movement means are designed as separate structural elements which may be assembled in different combinations in a modular fashion.
摘要翻译： 用于检查核反应堆装置内部空间的检查装置需要非常小的尺寸，同时能够在高温下使用并在反应堆的停机期间暴露于辐射。 设备的设计使其易于适应特定的检查目的。 满足这些要求的特定装置包括布置在管中并在这种管中冷却的照相机。 摄像机和/或镜子的目的各自与用于相对运动的装置相连。 源光和移动装置被设计为分开的结构元件，其可以以模块化的方式组合成不同的组合。
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公开(公告)号：US4219384A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-26
申请号：US848603
申请日：1977-11-04
IPC分类号： G21C7/14
CPC分类号： G21C7/14 , G21Y2002/50 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/301 , Y02E30/39
摘要： A driving apparatus for raising and lowering an absorber rod within a nuclear reactor pressure vessel. The apparatus comprises a driving system which includes a motor-driven flexible support member that is connected to the absorber rod through both a coupling element and a connecting element, and a storage means for storing any excess length of flexible support member. Both the driving system and the storage means are detachably enclosed within a desired gaseous environment that is isolated from the interior of the pressure vessel by a screening plug having a passageway therein through which the connecting element is disposed for movement between an upper end position and a lower end position.
摘要翻译： 一种用于升高和降低核反应堆压力容器内的吸收杆的驱动装置。 该装置包括驱动系统，其包括通过耦合元件和连接元件连接到吸收器杆的电机驱动的柔性支撑构件，以及用于存储任何多余的柔性支撑构件的存储装置。 驱动系统和存储装置都可拆卸地封闭在期望的气体环境中，所述气体环境通过其中具有通道的筛网塞与压力容器的内部隔离，通过该通孔设置连接元件以在上端位置和 下端位置
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公开(公告)号：US4349507A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-14
申请号：US159862
申请日：1980-06-16
申请人： Josef Schoening , Claus Elter , Hermann Schmitt
发明人： Josef Schoening , Claus Elter , Hermann Schmitt
IPC分类号： G21C7/16
CPC分类号： G21C7/16 , G21Y2002/50 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/39
摘要： The drive for an absorber rod for a nuclear reactor has a drive piston guided in a cylinder combined with the absorber rod forming an absorber unit. In order to compensate the forces exerted by the medium of the pressure vessel on the absorber unit and tending to pressure the absorber rod axially outward, an equalizing surface is arranged in the absorber unit. The equalizing surface is exposed on one side to the medium of the pressure vessel and/or the cooling medium of the absorber rod, so that an equalizing force is acting on the absorber unit. In the event of a failure of the drive medium acting on the drive piston of the absorber unit or during fluctuations and changes of the internal pressure in the pressure vessel, the absorber unit remains in its existing position, i.e. no unintentional withdrawal of the absorber rod from the pressure vessel takes place.
摘要翻译： 用于核反应堆的吸收杆的驱动器具有在与吸收器杆组合的气缸中引导的驱动活塞，形成吸收器单元。 为了补偿由压力容器的介质施加在吸收器单元上并且倾向于将吸收器杆轴向向外挤压的力，平衡表面设置在吸收器单元中。 平衡表面在一侧暴露于压力容器的介质和/或吸收杆的冷却介质，使得均衡力作用在吸收器单元上。 在作用在吸收器单元的驱动活塞上的驱动介质发生故障或在压力容器内的内部压力波动和变化的情况下，吸收器单元保持在其现有位置，即，不会意外地将吸收器杆 从压力容器发生。
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公开(公告)号：US4863674A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-05
申请号：US230881
申请日：1988-08-11
申请人： Hubert Handel , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
发明人： Hubert Handel , Hermann Schmitt , Josef Schoening
CPC分类号： G21F5/008 , G21C19/202
摘要： A nuclear reactor installation with a simple configuration includes a transport container which may be placed on the cover of the cavity. The transport container bottom overlaps the cover access opening. A vertical displaceable pebble conveyor line extends from the pebble pile surface to the transport container interior. A blower is located between the transport container and the reactor. The blower suction line is connected to the transport container interior and the blower pressure line leads into the reactor vessel.
摘要翻译： 具有简单构造的核反应堆装置包括可以放置在空腔的盖上的运输容器。 运输集装箱底部与盖进入口重叠。 垂直的可移动的卵石输送线从卵石桩表面延伸到运输容器内部。 鼓风机位于运输集装箱和反应堆之间。 鼓风机吸入管线连接到运输容器内部，鼓风机压力管线通入反应堆容器。
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公开(公告)号：US4863672A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-05
申请号：US159484
申请日：1988-02-22
申请人： Harald Dorweiler , Claus Elter , Franz Grossert , Hermann Schmitt , Guenter Rohark , Josef Schoening
发明人： Harald Dorweiler , Claus Elter , Franz Grossert , Hermann Schmitt , Guenter Rohark , Josef Schoening
CPC分类号： G21C7/107 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/30 , Y02E30/39 , Y10S294/906 , Y10T403/535
摘要： An absorber rod for nuclear reactors with a pile of spherical fuel elements, which is inserted directly into the pile, in order to affect the prevailing neutron flux by absorber material located in an annular gap between two concentric cylindrical rod elements. The absorber rod has concentric rod elements arranged in pairs, a common rod tip and common connecting pieces. The rod elements are cooled by flow of gas and the inner cylindrical rod element performs the support function, i.e., it absorbs and transmits forces and moments originating in the movements of the rod during insertion and extraction.
摘要翻译： 用于具有一堆球形燃料元件的核反应堆的吸收杆，其直接插入桩中，以便通过位于两个同心圆柱形杆元件之间的环形间隙中的吸收材料影响主要的中子通量。 吸收杆具有成对布置的同心杆元件，公共杆尖端和公共连接件。 杆元件通过气体流动而被冷却，内圆柱形杆元件执行支撑功能，即，其在插入和抽出期间吸收和传递源于杆的移动的力和力矩。
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