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公开(公告)号：US20100116318A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-13
申请号：US11683434
申请日：2007-03-08
IPC分类号： H01L31/052
CPC分类号： H01L31/0543 , H01L31/0547 , Y02E10/52
摘要： The present invention comprises a method and apparatus to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic conversion of light into electrical power and to achieve operation at higher optical power and therefore higher electrical power. Preferred embodiments increase the efficiency of photovoltaic power conversion of any source of a beam of photons by spatially dividing the beams into a plurality of individual beamlets, each beamlet focusing on an active photovoltaic region. The preferred architecture of the apparatus of the invention comprises spatially separated photovoltaic cells to substantially match the pattern of the spatially separated plurality of beamlets. Preferred embodiments result in a significant reduction in ohmic losses and current shunting, thereby increasing photovoltaic conversion efficiencies.
摘要翻译： 本发明包括一种方法和装置，用于提高光转换成电力的光电转换的效率，并实现在较高的光功率和因此更高的电功率下的操作。 优选实施例通过将光束空间分割成多个单独的子束，从而增加了光子束的任何光源的光伏功率转换的效率，每个子束聚焦在有源光伏区域上。 本发明的装置的优选结构包括空间分离的光伏电池，以基本匹配空间分离的多个子束的图案。 优选实施例导致欧姆损耗和电流分流的显着降低，从而提高光伏转换效率。
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公开(公告)号：US5847871A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-08
申请号：US223190
申请日：1994-04-05
申请人： David S. Sumida , Dennis C. Jones
发明人： David S. Sumida , Dennis C. Jones
CPC分类号： G02B27/286 , G02B5/04 , G02B5/12 , H01S3/08059 , H01S3/113
摘要： Optical apparatus that combines a plurality of separate optical functions into a single monolithic optical element. The the optical element comprises two or three optical functions, such as saturable absorption, retroreflection, and polarization rotation. The optical element comprises a body that is formed in the shape of a right-angle porro prism. The optical element is fabricated from a garnet material that combines the properties of high refractive index (greater than 1.414 to permit total internal reflection at a 45 degree incidence angle), saturable optical absorption (to provide Q-switching), and tolerance to high temperatures (to permit application of anti-reflection coatings). The optical element may be comprised of garnet materials such as yttrium aluminum garnet, gadolinium scandium gallium garnet, or gadolinium scandium aluminum garnet, for example. Doping the garnet materials with tetravalent chromium (Cr.sup.4+), for example, provides for saturable absorption while the natural properties of garnet materials provide high temperature tolerance.
摘要翻译： 将多个单独光学功能组合成单个单片光学元件的光学装置。 光学元件包括两个或三个光学功能，例如可饱和吸收，回射和偏振旋转。 光学元件包括形成为直角孔棱镜形状的主体。 光学元件由石榴石材料制成，其结合了高折射率（大于1.414以允许45度入射角的全内反射）的特性，可饱和光吸收（提供Q开关）和耐高温 （允许使用防反射涂层）。 光学元件可以由例如钇铝石榴石，钆镓镓石榴石或钆铝石榴石等石榴石材料构成。 例如，用四价铬（Cr4 +）掺杂石榴石材料可提供饱和吸收，而石榴石材料的天然特性提供高温耐受性。
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公开(公告)号：US5624252A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-29
申请号：US578408
申请日：1995-12-26
CPC分类号： F23D14/62 , F23C2203/00 , F23D2203/105 , F23D2212/10
摘要： A porous, ceramic member defines both the burner and baffle. Gaseous fuel is supplied under pressure into a chamber and flows through the ceramic member and, in flowing, causes the aspiration of atmospheric air into the flowing gaseous fuel. The air-fuel mixture is ignited a short distance downstream of the chamber and the flame flows through the ceramic member and emerges from the ceramic member within the heat exchanger. The air mixing with the gaseous fuel causes turbulence and mixing of the gas and cools the flame prior to its reaching temperatures associated with the generation of thermal NO.sub.x.
摘要翻译： 多孔的陶瓷构件限定了燃烧器和挡板。 气体燃料在压力下供应到室中并流过陶瓷构件，并且在流动中导致大气空气吸入流动的气体燃料中。 空气 - 燃料混合物在室的下游点燃较短距离，并且火焰流过陶瓷构件并从热交换器内的陶瓷构件排出。 与气体燃料混合的空气引起气体的湍流和混合，并在火焰达到与产生热NOx之前相关的温度下冷却火焰。
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公开(公告)号：US6137813A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-24
申请号：US58538
申请日：1998-04-10
CPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/094042 , H01S3/1618 , H01S3/173
摘要： A Yb-doped fiber laser uses a homogeneously-broadened material. The disclosed laser design is particularly advantageous for operating the fiber laser between 970-980 nm and using this output as a pump for an Er-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) having an absorption band between 970-990 nm. Using a homogeneously-broadened host glass, for example alumino-germano-silicate or fluoride glass, significantly reduces the inefficiency that can result from the three-level nature of Yb-doped fiber laser transitions that are required for operating it at approximately 976 nm.
摘要翻译： 掺镱光纤激光器使用均匀扩展的材料。 所公开的激光设计对于在970-980nm之间操作光纤激光器并且将该输出用作具有吸收带在970-990nm之间的掺铒光纤放大器（EDFA）的泵是特别有利的。 使用均匀加宽的主体玻璃，例如铝 - 锗酸 - 硅酸盐或氟化物玻璃，显着降低了在大约976nm下操作所需的Yb掺杂光纤激光转换的三级性质可能导致的低效率。
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5.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07941022B1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-10
申请号：US12116180
申请日：2008-05-06
IPC分类号： G02B6/036
CPC分类号： G02B6/03633 , G02B6/4206 , G02B6/4296 , H04B10/807
摘要： In one embodiment, a fiber optic link includes a combined optical link for transmitting high optical power and wide bandwidth signal through a single optical fiber. In one embodiment, a means is provided for combining a high power optical signal and a low power data signal with wavelength selective directional couplers so as to inhibit the low power data transmitter and the low power data receiver from being overloaded with too much power. In one implementation, a method of using double clad fiber is provided, which includes transmitting an optical data signal at an optical data wavelength along an inner core, the inner core being single mode at the optical data wavelength and simultaneously transmitting an optical power signal at a optical power wavelength through a cladding, the cladding serving as a multimode core for a power optical link at the optical power wavelength.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施例中，光纤链路包括用于通过单个光纤传输高光功率和宽带宽信号的组合光链路。 在一个实施例中，提供了一种用于将高功率光信号和低功率数据信号与波长选择性定向耦合器组合的装置，以便禁止低功率数据发射机和低功率数据接收机由于功率过大而过载。 在一个实施方案中，提供了一种使用双包层光纤的方法，其包括沿着内核发送光数据波长的光数据信号，内核是光数据波长的单模，并同时发送光功率信号 通过包层的光功率波长，所述包层用作光功率波长处的功率光链路的多模核。
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6.发明授权Design for a Yb-doped CP fiber laser for operating near EDFA absorption band 失效设计用于在EDFA吸收带附近操作的Yb掺杂CP光纤激光器
公开(公告)号：US5991314A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-23
申请号：US58539
申请日：1998-04-10
CPC分类号： H01S3/0675 , H01S2302/00 , H01S2303/00 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/1062 , H01S3/1608 , H01S3/1618
摘要： A Yb-doped cladding pumped fiber laser includes a reflective grating located at each distal end of the laser cavity. Each reflective grating can reflect light propagating inside a fiber core and at a desired wavelength range. A plurality of band-rejecting gratings are disposed between the reflective gratings, whereby the band-rejecting gratings can couple light at an undesired wavelength range and out of the fiber core. When the band-rejecting gratings are in an end-to-end relationship, they are separated by a distance of approximately L whereby L=[(.sigma..sub.e.sup.d +.sigma..sub.a.sup.d)ln 1/T]/[n(.sigma..sub.a.sup.d .sigma..sub.e.sup.u -.sigma..sub.e.sup.d .sigma..sub.a.sup.u)], n is a concentration of ions subject to excitation, .sigma..sub.a.sup.d is an absorption cross section at said desired wavelength range, .sigma..sub.e.sup.u is an emission cross section at said undesired wavelength range, .sigma..sub.e.sup.d is an emission cross section at said desired wavelength range, .sigma..sub.a.sup.u is an absorption cross section at said undesired wavelngth range, and T is a band-rejecting grating transmission factor. The number of band-rejecting gratings is given by N whereby N=d/L.gtoreq.dn (.sigma..sub.a.sup.d .sigma..sub.e.sup.u -.sigma..sub.e.sup.d .sigma..sub.a.sup.u)/[.sigma..sub.e.sup.d +.sigma..sub.a.sup.d) ln 1/T] and d is the length of the laser.
摘要翻译： Yb掺杂包层泵浦光纤激光器包括位于激光腔的每个远端处的反射光栅。 每个反射光栅可以反射在光纤芯内传播并在期望波长范围内的光。 多个带阻光栅设置在反射光栅之间，由此带状光栅可将不期望的波长范围内的光耦合到光纤芯外。 当带状抑制光栅处于端对端关系时，它们被分开大约L的距离，由此L = [（sigma ed + sigma ad）ln 1 / T] / [n（西格玛西格玛 ed sigma au）]，n是受激发的离子的浓度，σad是在所述期望波长范围的吸收截面，σeu是在所述不期望波长范围的发射截面，σed是 所述期望的波长范围，σau是在所述不希望的波长范围的吸收截面，T是带阻光栅传播因子。 带隙光栅的数量由N给出，其中N = d / L> / = dn（σσσσσσσσ/σ） 激光。
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公开(公告)号：US4149373A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-17
申请号：US828707
申请日：1977-08-29
申请人： Dennis C. Jones , Paul Matheny
发明人： Dennis C. Jones , Paul Matheny
CPC分类号： F23R3/002
摘要： A gas turbine engine is shown having an annular burner casing with an annular burner therein. A conventional fuel and air supply can be provided. The burner is formed of conventional louver construction at the forward part thereof with the last louver of both the inner and outer burner wall being welded to its upstream louver with a curled forward end being curled to extend away from the upstream louver. This connection is formed on the louvers which restrict the flow through the burner.
摘要翻译： 燃气涡轮发动机被示出为具有环形燃烧器壳体，其中具有环形燃烧器。 可以提供常规的燃料和空气供应。 燃烧器在其前部由常规百叶窗结构形成，内燃烧器壁和外燃烧器壁的最后一个百叶窗被焊接到其上游百叶窗，卷曲的前端被卷曲以远离上游百叶窗延伸。 这种连接形成在限制通过燃烧器的流动的百叶窗上。
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公开(公告)号：US06872960B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-29
申请号：US09837733
申请日：2001-04-18
申请人： David M. Pepper , Dennis C. Jones
发明人： David M. Pepper , Dennis C. Jones
CPC分类号： F41H13/005 , G01S7/4816 , G01S7/495
摘要： A system and method for focusing electromagnetic energy on a moving target. Generally, the inventive system sends a pilot beam to a target and analyzes a return wavefront to ascertain data with respect to any distortions and other phase and/or amplitude information in the wavefront. This information is then used to pre-distort an output beam by so that it is focused on the target by the intervening distortions. In an illustrative embodiment, the pilot beam is provided by a beacon laser mounted off-axis with respect to the output beam. The reflected wavefront is received through a gimbaled telescope. Energy received by the telescope is detected and processed to ascertain wavefront aberrations therein. This data is used to predistort a deformable mirror to create an output beam which is the phase conjugate of the received wavefront. In a first alternative embodiment, a nonlinear optical phase-conjugate mirror is employed to generate the required wavefront-reversed replica of the received wavefront. The system further includes an arrangement for modulating the output beam to confuse the target. In a second alternative embodiment, the system is adapted to examine atmospheric distortions of starlight to predistort the output beam. The alternative embodiment offers a faster response time and a lower susceptibility to detection.
摘要翻译： 一种用于将电磁能量聚焦在移动目标上的系统和方法。 通常，本发明的系统向目标发送导频波束并且分析返回波阵面以确定关于波前的任何失真和其它相位和/或振幅信息的数据。 然后，该信息用于对输出光束进行预失真，使其通过中间的失真聚焦在目标上。 在说明性实施例中，导频波束由相对于输出波束离轴安装的信标激光器提供。 反射的波前通过万向望远镜接收。 检测并处理由望远镜接收的能量以确定其中的波前像差。 该数据用于预变形可变形反射镜以产生作为接收波前的相位共轭的输出光束。 在第一替代实施例中，使用非线性光学相位共轭反射镜来产生所接收的波前的所需波前反转副本。 该系统还包括用于调制输出光束以混淆目标的装置。 在第二替代实施例中，系统适于检查星光的大气变形以预失真输出光束。 替代实施例提供更快的响应时间和更低的检测敏感性。
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公开(公告)号：US5251461A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-12
申请号：US946701
申请日：1992-09-18
CPC分类号： F24F13/08
摘要： The baffle for preventing the recirculation of discharged air into the intake grille of a packaged terminal air conditioner is provided with means for attaching it to the grille structure without fasteners. A plurality of flexible fingers with snap latches on the ends thereof are inserted between a pair of spaced ribs on the grille, with the fingers being flexed inwardly during the insertion process and then flexing outwardly to engage the snap latches with a front edge of the vertical ribs when the baffle is in place.
摘要翻译： 用于防止排放空气再循环到包装的终端空调的进气格栅中的挡板设置有用于将其附接到没有紧固件的格栅结构的装置。 多个柔性指状物，其端部上具有卡扣的插销插入格栅上的一对隔开的肋之间，在插入过程中手指向内弯曲，然后向外弯曲，以将卡扣闩锁与竖直的前边缘接合 当挡板就位时，肋骨。
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10.发明授权Optical device enhancement method and apparatus by control of stimulated brillouin scattering gain 失效通过控制受激布里渊散射增益的光学器件增强方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4880295A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US111941
申请日：1987-10-21
IPC分类号： G02F20060101 , G02F1/35 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/10 , H01S3/30
CPC分类号： H01S3/305 , G02F1/3538
摘要： The output of an optical device which involves a stimulated brillouin scattering (SBS) gain medium is enhanced over a range of input beam intensities by providing a gain medium which has a given SBS gain for a given input beam intensity, and modifying the gain medium to reduce its SBS gain coefficient. By lowering the SBS gain coefficient, SBS dominance and suppression of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) can be mitigated, and the output fidelity of a phase conjugation system with respect to its input can be significantly enhanced. Mechanisms for reducing the SBS gain coefficient include increasing the medium viscosity, thermal conductivity and/or diffusion coefficient, or causing the medium relaxation zone to coincide with the frequency of the phonons involved in the SBS process. Two different media can be mixed together in varying proportions to progressively modify the overall medium SBS gain as the input beam intsnsity is progressively changed.
摘要翻译： 涉及受激布里渊散射（SBS）增益介质的光学器件的输出通过提供对于给定输入光束强度具有给定SBS增益的增益介质，并且将增益介质修改为 降低其SBS增益系数。 通过降低SBS增益系数，可以减轻SBS优势和受激拉曼散射（SRS）的抑制，相位共轭系统相对于其输入的输出保真度可以显着增强。 用于降低SBS增益系数的机制包括增加介质粘度，热导率和/或扩散系数，或使介质松弛区与SBS过程中涉及的声子的频率一致。 两种不同的介质可以以不同比例混合在一起，以逐渐改变整个介质SBS增益，因为输入波束的精度逐渐改变。
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