Apparatus and method to measure a molecular diffusion coefficient in a porous powder

    公开(公告)号:US20170160184A1

    公开(公告)日:2017-06-08

    申请号:US15438795

    申请日:2017-02-22

    IPC分类号: G01N15/08 G01N33/00

    摘要: An apparatus and method for measuring molecular diffusivity in porous powders or minerals, e.g., the microporous synthetic minerals used for gas separation and chemical catalysis, were invented that allows a varying pressure in the gas around the powder during the measurement. This obviates the need for the pressure to be constant and the attendant complicated component parts. A mass balance model equation of the sample cell with the diffusivity as an adjustable parameter is used to deduce the sample cell pressure change versus time (uptake curve) until the equilibration of gas diffusion into the powder. A numerical analysis method is used to solve the mathematical model to compute a simulated uptake curve. Curve fitting of the simulated and measured uptake curves is used to optimize the diffusivity parameter, which gives the measured diffusivity. The apparatus and method are simple, easy to use, and automation is also simple.

    Method to measure a molecular diffusion coefficient in a porous powder

    公开(公告)号:US10309890B2

    公开(公告)日:2019-06-04

    申请号:US15438795

    申请日:2017-02-22

    IPC分类号: G01N15/08 G01N33/00

    摘要: An apparatus and method for measuring molecular diffusivity in porous powders or minerals, e.g., the microporous synthetic minerals used for gas separation and chemical catalysis, were invented that allows a varying pressure in the gas around the powder during the measurement. This obviates the need for the pressure to be constant and the attendant complicated component parts. A mass balance model equation of the sample cell with the diffusivity as an adjustable parameter is used to deduce the sample cell pressure change versus time (uptake curve) until the equilibration of gas diffusion into the powder. A numerical analysis method is used to solve the mathematical model to compute a simulated uptake curve. Curve fitting of the simulated and measured uptake curves is used to optimize the diffusivity parameter, which gives the measured diffusivity. The apparatus and method are simple, easy to use, and automation is also simple.

    Apparatus and method to measure a molecular diffusion coefficient in a porous powder

    公开(公告)号:US09719909B2

    公开(公告)日:2017-08-01

    申请号:US14530754

    申请日:2014-11-02

    IPC分类号: G01N15/08

    摘要: An apparatus and method for measuring molecular diffusivity in porous powders or minerals, e.g., the microporous synthetic minerals used for gas separation and chemical catalysis, were invented that allows a varying pressure in the gas around the powder during the measurement. This obviates the need for the pressure to be constant and the attendant complicated component parts. A mass balance model equation of the sample cell with the diffusivity as an adjustable parameter is used to deduce the sample cell pressure change versus time (uptake curve) until the equilibration of gas diffusion into the powder. A numerical analysis method is used to solve the mathematical model to compute a simulated uptake curve. Curve fitting of the simulated and measured uptake curves is used to optimize the diffusivity parameter, which gives the measured diffusivity. The apparatus and method are simple, easy to use, and automation is also simple.

    Apparatus and method to measure a molecular diffusion coefficient in a porous powder
    4.
    发明申请
    Apparatus and method to measure a molecular diffusion coefficient in a porous powder 审中-公开
    测量多孔粉末中分子扩散系数的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号:US20160091409A1

    公开(公告)日:2016-03-31

    申请号:US14530754

    申请日:2014-11-02

    IPC分类号: G01N15/08

    摘要: An apparatus and method for measuring molecular diffusivity in porous powders or minerals, e.g., the microporous synthetic minerals used for gas separation and chemical catalysis, were invented that allows a varying pressure in the gas around the powder during the measurement. This obviates the need for the pressure to be constant and the attendant complicated component parts. A mass balance model equation of the sample cell with the diffusivity as an adjustable parameter is used to deduce the sample cell pressure change versus time (uptake curve) until the equilibration of gas diffusion into the powder. A numerical analysis method is used to solve the mathematical model to compute a simulated uptake curve. Curve fitting of the simulated and measured uptake curves is used to optimize the diffusivity parameter, which gives the measured diffusivity. The apparatus and method are simple, easy to use, and automation is also simple.

    摘要翻译: 发明了用于测量多孔粉末或矿物质中的分子扩散率的装置和方法,例如用于气体分离和化学催化的微孔合成矿物质,其允许在测量期间在粉末周围的气体中变化的压力。 这避免了压力恒定的需要和附带复杂的部件。 使用具有扩散率作为可调参数的样品池的质量平衡模型方程来推导样品池压力变化对时间(吸收曲线),直到气体扩散到粉末中的平衡。 使用数值分析方法来求解模拟吸收曲线的数学模型。 使用模拟和测量的吸收曲线的曲线拟合来优化扩散系数参数,这给出了测量的扩散系数。 该设备和方法简单,易于使用,自动化也很简单。

    Time control system and time control method for multiple motors

    公开(公告)号:US09819295B2

    公开(公告)日:2017-11-14

    申请号:US15283512

    申请日:2016-10-03

    IPC分类号: H02P7/00 H02P25/032 H02P5/74

    CPC分类号: H02P25/032 H02P5/74

    摘要: A time control system for multiple motors is provided in the present disclosure. The time control system includes an event generating module for generating event information corresponding to an event, a control module for analyzing the event information, a signal selecting module for selecting vibrating information according to the event information, a motor module comprising multiple motors, and a driving module for driving the multiple motors in the motor module to vibrate. The control module is further configured for determining whether the vibrating information need to be delayed, and the time control system further includes a delay module for delaying the vibrating information for a time period before sending the vibrating information to the driving module to delay driving the motor module.

    Multiple description coding communication system
    7.
    发明授权
    Multiple description coding communication system 有权
    多描述编码通信系统

    公开(公告)号:US08594205B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-11-26

    申请号:US11869443

    申请日:2007-10-09

    IPC分类号: H04B14/06

    CPC分类号: H03M7/40 H04N19/39 H04N19/61

    摘要: A method and apparatus reliably encode and decode information over a communication system. The method includes transforming two coefficients into two pairs of random variables, one random variable in each pair having substantially equal energy as one random variable in the other pair. The method further includes quantizing each of the pairs of random variables and entropy coding each quantized random variable separately creating an encoded bitstreams. The encoded bitstreams are received by a decoder which first determines which channels of the communication system are working. The encoded bitstream is entropy decoded, inversed quantized and inversed transformed. An inverse transform performs three different transformations depending upon which channels are working, i.e., whether the first, second or both channels are working.

    摘要翻译: 一种方法和装置通过通信系统可靠地编码和解码信息。 该方法包括将两个系数变换成两对随机变量,每对中的一个随机变量具有基本相等的能量作为另一对中的一个随机变量。 该方法还包括量化每对随机变量,并对每个量化的随机变量进行熵编码,分别创建编码比特流。 编码的比特流由解码器接收,该解码器首先确定通信系统的哪些信道正在工作。 编码比特流被熵解码,反相量化和反转换。 逆变换根据哪个通道工作,即第一,第二或两个通道是否工作,执行三种不同的变换。

    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING EXPECTED DISTORTION IN DECODED VIDEO BLOCKS
    9.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING EXPECTED DISTORTION IN DECODED VIDEO BLOCKS 失效
    用于确定解码视频块中预期失真的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US20100239015A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-09-23

    申请号:US12310277

    申请日:2007-08-21

    IPC分类号: H04N11/02

    摘要: There are provided methods and apparatus for determining expected distortion in decoded video blocks. An apparatus includes a distortion calculator for calculating an expected distortion for an image block, included in a picture of a video sequence and sent over a lossy channel, using a motion vector for the image block when the motion vector has a non-integer value. The distortion calculator calculates the expected distortion based upon a propagated distortion of at least two neighboring integer pixel positions in a reference picture with respect to the motion vector having the non-integer value. The image block is coded in an inter mode or a SKIP mode.

    摘要翻译: 提供了用于确定解码视频块中的预期失真的方法和装置。 一种设备包括:失真计算器,用于当运动矢量具有非整数值时,使用图像块的运动矢量来计算包含在视频序列的图像中并通过有损通道发送的图像块的预期失真。 失真计算器基于相对于具有非整数值的运动矢量的参考图像中的至少两个相邻整数像素位置的传播失真来计算预期失真。 图像块以帧间模式或SKIP模式编码。

    ON DEMAND PEER-TO-PEER VIDEO STREAMING WITH MULTIPLE DESCRIPTION CODING
    10.
    发明申请
    ON DEMAND PEER-TO-PEER VIDEO STREAMING WITH MULTIPLE DESCRIPTION CODING 有权
    与多个描述编码的需求相似的视频流

    公开(公告)号:US20100049867A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-02-25

    申请号:US12613388

    申请日:2009-11-05

    IPC分类号: G06F15/16

    摘要: A peer-to-peer novel video streaming scheme is described in which each peer stores and streams videos to the requesting client peers. Each video is encoded into multiple descriptions and each description is placed on a different node. If a serving peer disconnects in the middle of a streaming session, the system searches for a replacement peer that stores the same video description and has sufficient uplink bandwidth. Employing multiple description coding in a peer-to-peer based network improves the robustness of the distributed streaming content in the event a serving peer is lost. Video quality can be maintained in the presence of server peers being lost. The video codec design and network policies have a significant effect on the streamed video quality. The system performance generally improves as the number of descriptions M for the video increases, which implies that a higher video quality can be obtained with the same network loading.

    摘要翻译: 描述了一种对等小说视频流方案,其中每个对等体将视频存储并流向请求的客户端对等体。 每个视频被编码成多个描述,并且每个描述被放置在不同的节点上。 如果服务对等体在流媒体会话中间断开连接,则系统搜索存储相同视频描述并具有足够上行带宽的替换对等体。 在基于对等的网络中采用多描述编码改善了在服务对等体丢失的情况下分布式流内容的鲁棒性。 在丢失服务器对等体的情况下,可以维护视频质量。 视频编解码器设计和网络策略对流式视频质量有显着影响。 随着视频的描述数量M的增加,系统性能通常会有所提高,这意味着可以通过相同的网络负载获得更高的视频质量。