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公开(公告)号：US5138470A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-11
申请号：US627783
申请日：1990-12-14
申请人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede , Kevin Yu , James E. Scott
发明人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede , Kevin Yu , James E. Scott
CPC分类号： G02B27/0103 , G02B2027/0109 , G02B2027/0118 , G02B2027/012
摘要： A head-up display for a vehicle, including a primary image reflection hologram supported by a transparent substrate located in the vehicle operator's field of view for the ambient scene in front of the vehicle, a light source for providing playback illumination to the primary image hologram, and a guard hologram in front of the primary image hologram for substantially reflecting ambient illumination that otherwise could spuriously turn on the first reflection hologram, the guard hologram having an angular bandwidth and a spectral bandwidth that are greater than the angular bandwidth and the spectral bandwidth of the primary image hologram, and having an optical density of 2.0 or greater. The guard hologram can be parallel fringe reflection hologram or a slant fringe reflection hologram.
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公开(公告)号：US5278008A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US973194
申请日：1992-11-06
申请人： Gaylord E. Moss , Kevin Yu , John E. Wreede
发明人： Gaylord E. Moss , Kevin Yu , John E. Wreede
CPC分类号： G03H1/182 , G03H2001/184 , G03H2001/187 , G03H2260/10 , G03H2260/30
摘要： A method for precisely controlling the overall average diffraction efficiency of a hologram including the steps of (a) providing a hologram layer that includes a hologram formed pursuant to hologram forming exposure and development, (b) coating the hologram layer with a photoresist layer, (c) masking the photoresist layer with a mask having opaque and transparent areas wherein the proportion of the opaque areas relative to the transparent areas is selected pursuant to the desired diffraction efficiency, the opaque and transparent areas being sufficiently small so as to have little noticeable effect when the resulting hologram is played back, (d) exposing the photoresist layer to actinic illumination through the mask transparent areas, (e) developing the photoresist layer to remove the photoresist in the areas illuminated by the actinic illumination to uncover the areas of the recording material corresponding to the transparent areas of the mask, (f) etching the recording material to remove the areas thereof that were uncovered by etching of the photoresist, and (g) removing the remaining photoresist. The formation of the hologram can be at an effective exposure in the saturated region of the efficiency vs. exposure curve wherein changes in efficiency as a function of parameter variation are small.
摘要翻译： 一种用于精确控制全息图的总体平均衍射效率的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）提供包括根据全息图形成曝光和显影形成的全息图的全息图层，（b）用光致抗蚀剂层涂覆全息图层（ c）用具有不透明和透明区域的掩模掩蔽光致抗蚀剂层，其中根据期望的衍射效率选择不透明区域相对于透明区域的比例，不透明区域和透明区域足够小以具有很小的显着效果 当所得到的全息图被重放时，（d）通过掩模透明区域将光致抗蚀剂层曝光于光化照明，（e）显影光致抗蚀剂层以除去由光化照明所照射的区域中的光致抗蚀剂，以露出记录区域 对应于掩模的透明区域的材料，（f）蚀刻记录材料 移动通过蚀刻光致抗蚀剂而未被覆盖的区域，和（g）去除剩余的光致抗蚀剂。 在效率与曝光曲线的饱和区域中，全息图的形成可以是有效的曝光，其中作为参数变化的函数的效率变化小。
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公开(公告)号：US4916593A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-10
申请号：US293927
申请日：1989-01-04
申请人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede , Kevin Yu , Ronald T. Smith
发明人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede , Kevin Yu , Ronald T. Smith
CPC分类号： G02B5/32 , B60Q1/302 , G03H2260/10 , G03H2270/21
摘要： A holographic stoplight assembly including a volume hologram having a recorded stoplight image secured adjacent to the inside surface of an automobile window. The volume hologram is selectively illuminated by an illumination source located out of the driver's rearward field of vision and forward of the hologram. Also disclosed is a method for recording a hologram for use in a holographic automobile stoplight system which includes the steps of recording the image of a stoplight in a first hologram, and then recording in a second hologram the playback image of the first hologram.
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公开(公告)号：US5210625A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US677224
申请日：1991-03-29
申请人： Gaylord E. Moss , Kevin Yu , John E. Wreede
发明人： Gaylord E. Moss , Kevin Yu , John E. Wreede
CPC分类号： G03H1/18 , G02B5/32 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A hologram efficiency adjusting process that includes scanning the brightness effect of a hologram, which is either the hologram to be adjusted or a hologram representative of the hologram to be adjusted, to provide brightness vs. position information. The brightness information is utilized to produce a variable duty cycle half-tone mask that contains a pattern defining the areas of the hologram which are to be removed, with the pattern being unresolvable by the viewer of the hologram from which holograms have been removed pursuant to the mask pattern. The hologram to be adjusted is then photoresist coated and etched in accordance with the mask. Alternatively, the brightness information can be utilized to directly expose, for example by a laser scanner, photoresist disposed on the hologram to be adjusted.
摘要翻译： 一种全息图效率调整过程，其包括扫描全息图的亮度效果，全息图是待调节的全息图或代表要调节的全息图的全息图，以提供亮度与位置信息。 亮度信息被用于产生可变占空比半色调掩模，该可变占空比半色调掩模包含限定要去除的全息图的区域的图案，其中图案不全是由全息图的观察者根据 掩模图案。 然后根据掩模对待调整的全息图进行光致抗蚀剂涂覆和蚀刻。 或者，可以利用亮度信息来直接暴露例如激光扫描器，设置在待调整的全息图上的光致抗蚀剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4966426A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-30
申请号：US414969
申请日：1989-09-29
申请人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede , Kevin Yu
发明人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede , Kevin Yu
摘要： A rear window mounted stoplight assembly for a vehicle including stoplight illuminating apparatus for producing stoplight illumination, and a scatter blocking hologram adjacent the stoplight illuminating apparatus for preventing scattered stoplight illumination from being viewable by the vehicle operator. In a particular embodiment, the stoplight illumination apparatus includes an image volume hologram and a source of playback illumination.
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公开(公告)号：US5016953A
公开(公告)日：1991-05-21
申请号：US401328
申请日：1989-08-31
申请人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede
发明人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede
摘要： Noise is reduced in computer generated holograms (CGH's) by a method of overexposure. The CGH is used to make a master hologram. The master hologram is then used to make a copy from which a succession of other copy holograms is made. Each successive copy hologram is exposed less than the prior ones while increasing brightness uniformity. Consequently, a decreasing amount of change in exposure is required to reach 100% efficiency. The number and orientation of the copy holograms is incorporated into the design of the final optical element. The final hologram is not overexposed, since the amount of exposure has been reduced from the earlier holograms, and can be used in complex optical power systems.
摘要翻译： 计算机生成的全息图（CGH's）通过过度曝光的方法降低噪音。 CGH用于制作主全息图。 然后，使用主全息图制作复制品，从中复制一连串的其他复印全息图。 每个连续的复印全息图比之前的曝光少，同时增加亮度均匀性。 因此，需要降低曝光量的变化以达到100％的效率。 复制全息图的数量和方向被并入到最终光学元件的设计中。 最后的全息图不会过度曝光，因为曝光量已经从早期的全息图中减少了，并且可以用在复杂的光功率系统中。
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公开(公告)号：US4984856A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-15
申请号：US401327
申请日：1989-08-31
申请人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede
发明人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede
CPC分类号： G03H1/00 , G03H1/20 , Y10S359/90
摘要： A method and apparatus of exposing a hologram to reduce spurious noise holograms. The exposure light source is moved relative to a recording module within predetermined distances that will ensure a blurring of the fringes of a noise hologram that is formed at a distance from a primary hologram while substantially not affecting the primary hologram. The controlled relative movement of the exposure source and the recording module within predetermined limits provide a considerable improvement in reducing the efficiency of spurious noise holograms.
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公开(公告)号：US4458978A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-10
申请号：US269106
申请日：1981-06-01
CPC分类号： G03H1/00 , G03H1/0486 , G03H2001/0232
摘要： The systems of the invention form improved reflection and transmission holograms utilizing two beams and eliminating all of the higher energy spurious holographic recordings that are caused by reflections of rays from the outer surfaces of the cover plates. The systems provide movement of the cover plate or movement of the substrate and recording medium during the recording period to prevent formation of the spurious recordings. In some arrangements of the invention, global phase shifters are utilized to maintain the phase of the primary rays forming the desired hologram at a high level.
摘要翻译： 本发明的系统利用两个光束形成改进的反射和透射全息图，并消除由盖板的外表面反射的所有高能量杂散全息记录。 该系统在记录期间提供盖板的运动或基板和记录介质的运动，以防止形成杂散记录。 在本发明的一些布置中，利用全局移相器将形成期望的全息图的主光线的相位维持在高水平。
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公开(公告)号：US4458977A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-10
申请号：US269104
申请日：1981-06-01
CPC分类号： G03H1/04 , G03H1/0248 , G03H1/0486 , G03H2001/0417 , G03H2001/0439 , G03H2001/0489 , G03H2001/2655 , G03H2223/25 , G03H2260/10 , G03H2260/16
摘要： A hologram forming system for forming, from a single beam source and a reflective mirror, a reflective hologram in which spurious reflection and transmission hologram recordings are eliminated. Reflected rays are changed in phase relative to the primary beams during the recording period so that spurious holograms do not form. The remaining effect of the reflected rays is to slightly change the overall refractive index of a phase recording material (such as dichromated gelatin) with a resultant slight loss of available index of modulation or to slightly, uniformly, darken an amplitude hologram film, (such as silver halide) with a slight loss of available contrast. The invention includes hologram forming systems that move the cover plate relative to a fixed recording medium with and without a phase shifter in the primary beam and a hologram forming system that moves the substrate and mirror relative to the fixed cover plate.
摘要翻译： 一种全息图形成系统，用于从单个光束源和反射镜形成消除了伪反射和透射全息记录的反射全息图。 反射光线在记录期间相对于主光束相位改变，从而不形成杂散全息图。 反射光线的剩余影响是稍微改变相位记录材料（例如重铬酸盐明胶）的总体折射率，导致调制的可用指数的轻微损失或稍微均匀地使振幅全息图膜变暗（等等） 作为卤化银），具有轻微的可用对比度的损失。 本发明包括全息图形成系统，其使主板相对于具有和不具有移相器的固定记录介质相对于固定记录介质移动，以及使基板和反射镜相对于固定盖板移动的全息图形成系统。
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公开(公告)号：US5315417A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-24
申请号：US967941
申请日：1992-10-28
申请人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede
发明人： Gaylord E. Moss , John E. Wreede
CPC分类号： G02B5/32 , G03H1/18 , G03H1/181 , G03H1/182 , G03H2240/52 , G03H2260/30
摘要： A holographic recording medium is treated to reduce or eliminate unwanted extraneous diffraction in a volume transmission hologram. Surface regions of the medium are desensitized either before or after a holographic recording to reduce the contrast of the holographic fringe pattern along the surfaces, and thereby to eliminate planar phase grating effects. Treatments include applying a burst of gas or vapor to the surface, irradiating the surfaces with highly absorbed incoherent light, thermally treating the recording medium.
摘要翻译： 处理全息记录介质以减少或消除体积透射全息图中的不需要的外来衍射。 介质的表面区域在全息记录之前或之后脱敏，以减少沿着表面的全息条纹图案的对比度，从而消除平面相位光栅效应。 处理包括将气体或蒸汽爆发施加到表面，用高度吸收的非相干光照射表面，对记录介质进行热处理。
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