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公开(公告)号：US09116537B2
公开(公告)日：2015-08-25
申请号：US13112831
申请日：2011-05-20
申请人： Ivan Celanovic , Walker Chan , Peter Bermel , Adrian Y. X. Yeng , Christopher Marton , Michael Ghebrebrhan , Mohammad Araghchini , Klavs F. Jensen , Marin Soljacic , John D. Joannopoulos , Steven G. Johnson , Robert Pilawa-Podgurski , Peter Fisher
发明人： Ivan Celanovic , Walker Chan , Peter Bermel , Adrian Y. X. Yeng , Christopher Marton , Michael Ghebrebrhan , Mohammad Araghchini , Klavs F. Jensen , Marin Soljacic , John D. Joannopoulos , Steven G. Johnson , Robert Pilawa-Podgurski , Peter Fisher
CPC分类号： G05F1/67 , F23C2900/03001 , F23M2900/13004 , H02S10/30
摘要： Inventive systems and methods for the generation of energy using thermophotovoltaic cells are described. Also described are systems and methods for selectively emitting electromagnetic radiation from an emitter for use in thermophotovoltaic energy generation systems. In at least some of the inventive energy generation systems and methods, a voltage applied to the thermophotovoltaic cell (e.g., to enhance the power produced by the cell) can be adjusted to enhance system performance. Certain embodiments of the systems and methods described herein can be used to generate energy relatively efficiently.
摘要翻译： 描述了使用热光伏电池产生能量的本发明的系统和方法。 还描述了用于选择性地从用于热光伏能量产生系统的发射器发射电磁辐射的系统和方法。 在至少一些本发明的能量产生系统和方法中，可以调节施加到热光伏电池的电压（例如，以增强由电池产生的功率），以增强系统性能。 本文所述的系统和方法的某些实施例可以用于相对有效地产生能量。
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公开(公告)号：US20110284059A1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-24
申请号：US13112831
申请日：2011-05-20
申请人： Ivan Celanovic , Walker Chan , Peter Bermel , Adrian Y.X. Yeng , Christopher Marton , Michael Ghebrebrhan , Mohammad Araghchini , Klavs F. Jensen , Marin Soljacic , John D. Joannopoulos , Steven G. Johnson , Robert Pilawa-Podgurski , Peter Fisher
发明人： Ivan Celanovic , Walker Chan , Peter Bermel , Adrian Y.X. Yeng , Christopher Marton , Michael Ghebrebrhan , Mohammad Araghchini , Klavs F. Jensen , Marin Soljacic , John D. Joannopoulos , Steven G. Johnson , Robert Pilawa-Podgurski , Peter Fisher
CPC分类号： G05F1/67 , F23C2900/03001 , F23M2900/13004 , H02S10/30
摘要： Inventive systems and methods for the generation of energy using thermophotovoltaic cells are described. Also described are systems and methods for selectively emitting electromagnetic radiation from an emitter for use in thermophotovoltaic energy generation systems. In at least some of the inventive energy generation systems and methods, a voltage applied to the thermophotovoltaic cell (e.g., to enhance the power produced by the cell) can be adjusted to enhance system performance. Certain embodiments of the systems and methods described herein can be used to generate energy relatively efficiently.
摘要翻译： 描述了使用热光伏电池产生能量的本发明的系统和方法。 还描述了用于选择性地从用于热光伏能量产生系统的发射器发射电磁辐射的系统和方法。 在至少一些本发明的能量产生系统和方法中，可以调节施加到热光伏电池的电压（例如，以增强由电池产生的功率），以增强系统性能。 本文所述的系统和方法的某些实施例可以用于相对有效地产生能量。
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公开(公告)号：US09057830B2
公开(公告)日：2015-06-16
申请号：US13186159
申请日：2011-07-19
申请人： Rafif E. Hamam , Peter Bermel , Ivan Celanovic , Marin Soljacic , Adrian Y. X. Yeng , Michael Ghebrebrhan , John D. Joannopoulos
发明人： Rafif E. Hamam , Peter Bermel , Ivan Celanovic , Marin Soljacic , Adrian Y. X. Yeng , Michael Ghebrebrhan , John D. Joannopoulos
IPC分类号： G02B27/42 , H01L31/0232 , G02B6/122 , B82Y20/00 , H01L31/0216 , H02S10/30
CPC分类号： G02B6/1225 , B82Y20/00 , H01L31/02168 , H02S10/30 , Y02E10/50
摘要： The present invention provides systems, articles, and methods for discriminating electromagnetic radiation based upon the angle of incidence of the electromagnetic radiation. In some cases, the materials and systems described herein can be capable of inhibiting reflection of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., the materials and systems can be capable of transmitting and/or absorbing electromagnetic radiation) within a given range of angles of incidence at a first incident surface, while substantially reflecting electromagnetic radiation outside the range of angles of incidence at a second incident surface (which can be the same as or different from the first incident surface). A photonic material comprising a plurality of periodically occurring separate domains can be used, in some cases, to selectively transmit and/or selectively absorb one portion of incoming electromagnetic radiation while reflecting another portion of incoming electromagnetic radiation, based upon the angle of incidence. In some embodiments, one domain of the photonic material can include an isotropic dielectric function, while another domain of the photonic material can include an anisotropic dielectric function. In some instances, one domain of the photonic material can include an isotropic magnetic permeability, while another domain of the photonic material can include an anisotropic magnetic permeability. In some embodiments, non-photonic materials (e.g., materials with relatively large scale features) can be used to selectively absorb incoming electromagnetic radiation based on angle of incidence.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于基于电磁辐射的入射角鉴别电磁辐射的系统，物品和方法。 在一些情况下，本文描述的材料和系统能够抑制电磁辐射的反射（例如，材料和系统能够在第一次事件的给定入射角范围内传播和/或吸收电磁辐射） 同时在第二入射表面（其可以与第一入射表面相同或不同）的入射角范围之外基本上反射电磁辐射。 可以使用包括多个周期性发生的分离区域的光子材料，在某些情况下，可以基于入射角来选择性地传输和/或选择性地吸收一部分进入的电磁辐射，同时反射入射电磁辐射的另一部分。 在一些实施例中，光子材料的一个区域可以包括各向同性介电函数，而光子材料的另一个畴可以包括各向异性介电函数。 在一些情况下，光子材料的一个畴可以包括各向同性磁导率，而光子材料的另一个畴可以包括各向异性的磁导率。 在一些实施例中，非光子材料（例如，具有相对较大尺度特征的材料）可用于基于入射角选择性地吸收进入的电磁辐射。
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公开(公告)号：US20120037217A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-16
申请号：US13186159
申请日：2011-07-19
申请人： Rafif E. Hamam , Peter Bermel , Ivan Celanovic , Marin Soljacic , Adrian Y.X. Yeng , Michael Ghebrebrhan , John D. Joannopoulos
发明人： Rafif E. Hamam , Peter Bermel , Ivan Celanovic , Marin Soljacic , Adrian Y.X. Yeng , Michael Ghebrebrhan , John D. Joannopoulos
IPC分类号： H01L31/0232 , H01L31/04 , G02B27/42
CPC分类号： G02B6/1225 , B82Y20/00 , H01L31/02168 , H02S10/30 , Y02E10/50
摘要： The present invention provides systems, articles, and methods for discriminating electromagnetic radiation based upon the angle of incidence of the electromagnetic radiation. In some cases, the materials and systems described herein can be capable of inhibiting reflection of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., the materials and systems can be capable of transmitting and/or absorbing electromagnetic radiation) within a given range of angles of incidence at a first incident surface, while substantially reflecting electromagnetic radiation outside the range of angles of incidence at a second incident surface (which can be the same as or different from the first incident surface). A photonic material comprising a plurality of periodically occurring separate domains can be used, in some cases, to selectively transmit and/or selectively absorb one portion of incoming electromagnetic radiation while reflecting another portion of incoming electromagnetic radiation, based upon the angle of incidence. In some embodiments, one domain of the photonic material can include an isotropic dielectric function, while another domain of the photonic material can include an anisotropic dielectric function. In some instances, one domain of the photonic material can include an isotropic magnetic permeability, while another domain of the photonic material can include an anisotropic magnetic permeability. In some embodiments, non-photonic materials (e.g., materials with relatively large scale features) can be used to selectively absorb incoming electromagnetic radiation based on angle of incidence.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了用于基于电磁辐射的入射角鉴别电磁辐射的系统，物品和方法。 在一些情况下，本文描述的材料和系统能够抑制电磁辐射的反射（例如，材料和系统能够在第一次事件的给定入射角范围内传播和/或吸收电磁辐射） 同时在第二入射表面（其可以与第一入射表面相同或不同）的入射角范围之外基本上反射电磁辐射。 可以使用包括多个周期性发生的分离区域的光子材料，在某些情况下，可以基于入射角来选择性地传输和/或选择性地吸收一部分进入的电磁辐射，同时反射入射电磁辐射的另一部分。 在一些实施例中，光子材料的一个区域可以包括各向同性介电函数，而光子材料的另一个畴可以包括各向异性介电函数。 在一些情况下，光子材料的一个畴可以包括各向同性磁导率，而光子材料的另一个畴可以包括各向异性的磁导率。 在一些实施例中，非光子材料（例如，具有相对较大尺度特征的材料）可用于基于入射角选择性地吸收进入的电磁辐射。
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公开(公告)号：US20100258174A1
公开(公告)日：2010-10-14
申请号：US12423405
申请日：2009-04-14
IPC分类号： H01L31/0232 , H01L31/18
CPC分类号： H01L31/02168 , G02B1/115 , Y02E10/50
摘要： A solar cell includes a thin film photovoltaic material structure used in absorbing light of a selective bandwidth. A multitude of dielectric front coatings are positioned on the thin film photovoltaic material structure so as to maximize admittance over the selected bandwidth. The thicknesses and indices of each of the front coatings are chosen by a global-optimization procedure to maximize the short-circuit current of the solar cell.
摘要翻译： 太阳能电池包括用于吸收选择性带宽的光的薄膜光伏材料结构。 多个电介质前涂层位于薄膜光伏材料结构上，以便使所选带宽上的导纳最大化。 通过全局优化程序选择每个前涂层的厚度和指数，以使太阳能电池的短路电流最大化。
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公开(公告)号：US08823250B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-02
申请号：US13732541
申请日：2013-01-02
申请人： Peter Bermel , Ognjen Ilic , Walker R. Chan , Ahmet Musabeyoglu , Aviv Ruben Cukierman , Michael Robert Harradon , Ivan Celanovic , Marin Soljacic
发明人： Peter Bermel , Ognjen Ilic , Walker R. Chan , Ahmet Musabeyoglu , Aviv Ruben Cukierman , Michael Robert Harradon , Ivan Celanovic , Marin Soljacic
摘要： Incandescent lighting structure. The structure includes a thermal emitter that can, but does not have to, include a first photonic crystal on its surface to tailor thermal emission coupled to, in a high-view-factor geometry, a second photonic filter selected to reflect infrared radiation back to the emitter while passing visible light. This structure is highly efficient as compared to standard incandescent light bulbs.
摘要翻译： 白炽灯照明结构。 该结构包括热发射器，该热发射器可以但不必在其表面上包括第一光子晶体，以便在高视角因子几何中调节热发射，其被选择以将红外辐射反射回到 发射器同时通过可见光。 与标准白炽灯泡相比，该结构是高效的。
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公开(公告)号：US08369670B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-05
申请号：US12596709
申请日：2008-05-01
IPC分类号： G02B6/00
CPC分类号： G02B6/1225 , B82Y20/00 , G02F1/035 , G02F1/3556 , G02F2001/01783 , G02F2202/101 , G02F2202/32
摘要： An optical device is provided having a solid state nonlinear material with a nanostructured extent, in at least one dimension, that is less than about 10 nm or that is at a temperature of less than about 77 K. An electronic band gap, EGap, of the material is at least about twice as large as an energy of a photon with a wavelength, λ, equal to an operational wavelength of the device. The material is characterized by a switching figure of merit, ξ, having a value that is at least about 2π. A dielectric structure is around at least one dimension of the nonlinear material in a geometric arrangement having a characteristic photonic band gap that at least partially overlaps the electronic band gap of the material. At least one waveguide is disposed at the dielectric structure in sufficient proximity with the material for coupling light to the material.
摘要翻译： 提供一种光学装置，其具有在至少一个维度上具有纳米结构范围的固态非线性材料，其小于约10nm或低于约77K的温度。电子带隙，EGap， 该材料至少是波长为λ，等于器件工作波长的光子的能量的两倍。 该材料的特征在于具有至少约2＆pgr的值的切换品质因子＆xgr; 电介质结构围绕非线性材料的至少一个尺寸，几何布置具有至少部分地与材料的电子带隙重叠的特征光子带隙。 至少一个波导设置在电介质结构处，与用于将光耦合到材料的材料足够接近。
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公开(公告)号：US20140042890A1
公开(公告)日：2014-02-13
申请号：US13732541
申请日：2013-01-02
申请人： Peter Bermel , Ognjen llic , Walker R. Chan , Ahmet Musabeyoglu , Aviv Ruben Cukieman , Michael Robert Harradon , Ivan Celanovic , Marin Soijacic
发明人： Peter Bermel , Ognjen llic , Walker R. Chan , Ahmet Musabeyoglu , Aviv Ruben Cukieman , Michael Robert Harradon , Ivan Celanovic , Marin Soijacic
IPC分类号： H01K1/26
摘要： Incandescent lighting structure. The structure includes a thermal emitter that can, but does not have to, include a first photonic crystal on its surface to tailor thermal emission coupled to, in a high-view-factor geometry, a second photonic filter selected to reflect infrared radiation back to the emitter while passing visible light. This structure is highly efficient as compared to standard incandescent light bulbs.
摘要翻译： 白炽灯照明结构。 该结构包括热发射器，该热发射器可以但不必在其表面上包括第一光子晶体，以便在高视角因子几何中调节热发射，其被选择以将红外辐射反射回到 发射器同时通过可见光。 与标准白炽灯泡相比，该结构是高效的。
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公开(公告)号：US20110002574A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-06
申请号：US12596709
申请日：2008-05-01
CPC分类号： G02B6/1225 , B82Y20/00 , G02F1/035 , G02F1/3556 , G02F2001/01783 , G02F2202/101 , G02F2202/32
摘要： An optical device is provided having a solid state nonlinear material with a nanostructured extent, in at least one dimension, that is less than about 10 nm or that is at a temperature of less than about 77 K. An electronic band gap, EGap, of the material is at least about twice as large as an energy of a photon with a wavelength, λ, equal to an operational wavelength of the device. The material is characterized by a switching figure of merit, ξ, having a value that is at least about 2π. A dielectric structure is around at least one dimension of the nonlinear material in a geometric arrangement having a characteristic photonic band gap that at least partially overlaps the electronic band gap of the material. At least one waveguide is disposed at the dielectric structure in sufficient proximity with the material for coupling light to the material.
摘要翻译： 提供一种光学装置，其具有在至少一个维度上具有纳米结构范围的固态非线性材料，其小于约10nm或低于约77K的温度。电子带隙，EGap， 该材料至少是波长为λ，等于器件工作波长的光子的能量的两倍。 该材料的特征在于具有至少约2＆pgr的值的切换品质因子＆xgr; 电介质结构围绕非线性材料的至少一个尺寸，几何布置具有至少部分地与材料的电子带隙重叠的特征光子带隙。 至少一个波导设置在电介质结构处，与用于将光耦合到材料的材料足够接近。
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公开(公告)号：US20080112034A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-15
申请号：US11560129
申请日：2006-11-15
申请人： Peter Bermel , John D. Joannopoulos
发明人： Peter Bermel , John D. Joannopoulos
CPC分类号： H01P1/181 , G02F1/0305 , G02F2202/32
摘要： A phase shifter includes at least one photonic crystal structure having alternating high and low index dielectric layers. At least two defect structures are positioned between said photonic crystal structures. The defect structure includes one or more nonlinear materials used to produce an index change, whose effect is amplified to produce a specified phase shift in the output signal of said phase shifter.
摘要翻译： 移相器包括具有交替的高和低折射率电介质层的至少一个光子晶体结构。 至少两个缺陷结构位于所述光子晶体结构之间。 缺陷结构包括用于产生指数变化的一种或多种非线性材料，其效应被放大以在所述移相器的输出信号中产生规定的相移。
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