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    Polymers for metal extractions in carbon dioxide
    2.
    发明授权
    Polymers for metal extractions in carbon dioxide 失效
    用于二氧化碳中金属萃取的聚合物

    公开(公告)号：US06176895B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-01-23

    申请号：US09185891

    申请日：1998-11-04

    申请人： Joseph M. DeSimone ,  William Tumas ,  Kimberly R. Powell ,  T. Mark McCleskey ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James B. McClain ,  Eva R. Birnbaum

    发明人： Joseph M. DeSimone ,  William Tumas ,  Kimberly R. Powell ,  T. Mark McCleskey ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James B. McClain ,  Eva R. Birnbaum

    IPC分类号： C22B326

    CPC分类号： C22B3/0005 ,  C22B3/0097 ,  Y02P10/234

    摘要： A composition useful for the extraction of metals and metalloids comprises (a) carbon dioxide fluid (preferably liquid or supercritical carbon dioxide); and (b) a polymer in the carbon dioxide, the polymer having bound thereto a ligand that binds the metal or metalloid; with the ligand bound to the polymer at a plurality of locations along the chain length thereof (i.e., a plurality of ligands are bound at a plurality of locations along the chain length of the polymer). The polymer is preferably a copolymer, and the polymer is preferably a fluoropolymer such as a fluoroacrylate polymer. The extraction method comprises the steps of contacting a first composition containing a metal or metalloid to be extracted with a second composition, the second composition being as described above; and then extracting the metal or metalloid from the first composition into the second composition.

    摘要翻译： 用于萃取金属和准金属的组合物包括（a）二氧化碳流体（优选液体或超临界二氧化碳）; 和（b）二氧化碳中的聚合物，所述聚合物结合有与金属或准金属结合的配体; 其中配体在其长度的多个位置处与聚合物结合（即，多个配体沿聚合物链长度的多个位置结合）。 聚合物优选为共聚物，聚合物优选为氟聚合物，例如氟代丙烯酸酯聚合物。 提取方法包括以下步骤：将含有待萃取的金属或准金属的第一组合物与第二组合物接触，第二组合物如上所述; 然后将金属或准金属从第一组合物提取到第二组合物中。

    Methods for carbon dioxide dry cleaning with integrated distribution
    4.
    发明授权
    Methods for carbon dioxide dry cleaning with integrated distribution 有权
    二氧化碳干洗方法与综合分布

    公开(公告)号：US06332342B2

    公开(公告)日：2001-12-25

    申请号：US09842603

    申请日：2001-04-26

    申请人： James B. McClain ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James P. DeYoung ,  R. Bradley Lienhart ,  Joseph M. DeSimone ,  Kenneth L. Huggins

    发明人： James B. McClain ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James P. DeYoung ,  R. Bradley Lienhart ,  Joseph M. DeSimone ,  Kenneth L. Huggins

    IPC分类号： D06B906

    CPC分类号： D06L1/02

    摘要： The present invention provides a dry cleaning process that facilitates distribution of detergent and solvent and (optionally) facilitates recovery of cleaning by-products in conjunction with the cleaning of articles at a dry cleaning facility. The process comprises the steps of: (a) receiving from a source a dry cleaning solvent at the dry cleaning facility, the solvent consisting essentially of carbon dioxide; (b) receiving a concentrated detergent formulation (preferably a liquid formulation) at the cleaning facility; (c) accepting from customers soiled articles to be cleaned at the cleaning facility; (d) mixing the dry cleaning solvent and the concentrated detergent formulation to provide a dry cleaning formulation comprised of from 30 or 40 to 99 percent by weight of carbon dioxide solvent; (e) cleaning the articles in a cleaning apparatus to produce cleaned articles; (f) at least periodically distilling the dry cleaning formulation to produce a still residue comprising surfactant and soil; and then (g) returning the cleaned articles to the customers. Optionally but preferably, the process further comprises the step of: (h) returning the still residue to a waste collector or reprocessor for suitable disposal.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种便于洗涤剂和溶剂的分配的干洗方法，并且（任选地）便于在干洗设施处清洁物品的同时回收清洁副产物。 该方法包括以下步骤：（a）在干洗设备处从源头接收干洗溶剂，所述溶剂基本上由二氧化碳组成; （b）在清洁设施处接收浓缩洗涤剂配制剂（优选液体制剂）; （c）客户接受在清洁设施上清洁的污物; （d）混合干洗溶剂和浓缩洗涤剂配方以提供由30或40至99重量％的二氧化碳溶剂组成的干洗制剂; （e）清洁清洁设备中的物品以产生清洁物品; （f）至少定期蒸馏干洗制剂以产生包含表面活性剂和土壤的残余物; 然后（g）将清洁的物品送回顾客。 可选地，但优选地，该方法还包括以下步骤：（h）将残余物返回到废物收集器或再处理器以进行适当处置。

    Methods for carbon dioxide dry cleaning with integrated distribution
    5.
    发明授权
    Methods for carbon dioxide dry cleaning with integrated distribution 有权
    二氧化碳干洗方法与综合分布

    公开(公告)号：US06248136B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-06-19

    申请号：US09497823

    申请日：2000-02-03

    申请人： James B. McClain ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James P. DeYoung ,  R. Bradley Lienhart ,  Joseph M. DeSimone ,  Kenneth L. Huggins

    发明人： James B. McClain ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James P. DeYoung ,  R. Bradley Lienhart ,  Joseph M. DeSimone ,  Kenneth L. Huggins

    IPC分类号： D06L100

    CPC分类号： D06L1/02

    摘要： The present invention provides a dry cleaning process that facilitates distribution of detergent and solvent and (optionally) facilitates recovery of cleaning by-products in conjunction with the cleaning of articles at a dry cleaning facility. The proces comprises the steps of: (a) receiving from a source a dry cleaning solvent at the dry cleaning facility, the solvent consisting essentially of carbon dioxide; (b) receiving a concentrated detergent formulation (preferably a liquid formulation) at the cleaning facility; (c) accepting from customers soiled articles to be cleaned at the cleaning facility; (d) mixing the dry cleaning solvent and the concentrated detergent formulation to provide a dry cleaning formulation comprised of from 30 or 40 to 99 percent by weight of carbon dioxide solvent; (e) cleaning the articles in a cleaning apparatus to produce cleaned articles; (f) at least periodically distilling the dry cleaning formulation to produce a still residue comprising surfactant and soil; and then (g) returning the cleaned articles to the customers. Optionally but preferably, the process further comprises the step of: (h) returning the still residue to a waste collector or reprocessor for suitable disposal.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种便于洗涤剂和溶剂的分配的干洗方法，并且（任选地）便于在干洗设施处清洁物品的同时回收清洁副产物。 方法包括以下步骤：（a）在干洗设备处从干燥清洁设备处获得干洗溶剂，所述溶剂基本上由二氧化碳组成; （b）在清洁设施处接收浓缩洗涤剂配制剂（优选液体制剂）; （c）客户接受在清洁设施上清洁的污物; （d）混合干洗溶剂和浓缩洗涤剂配方以提供由30或40至99重量％的二氧化碳溶剂组成的干洗制剂; （e）清洁清洁设备中的物品以产生清洁物品; （f）至少定期蒸馏干洗制剂以产生包含表面活性剂和土壤的残余物; 然后（g）将清洁的物品送回顾客。 可选地，但优选地，该方法还包括以下步骤：（h）将残余物返回到废物收集器或再处理器以进行适当处置。

    Carbon dioxide cleaning and separation systems
    7.
    发明授权
    Carbon dioxide cleaning and separation systems 失效
    二氧化碳清洗和分离系统

    公开(公告)号：US06506259B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-01-14

    申请号：US09718020

    申请日：2000-11-20

    申请人： Timothy J. Romack ,  James B. McClain ,  Gina M. Stewart ,  Ramone D. Givens

    发明人： Timothy J. Romack ,  James B. McClain ,  Gina M. Stewart ,  Ramone D. Givens

    IPC分类号： B08B704

    CPC分类号： B01D11/0411 ,  B01D11/0203 ,  B08B3/08 ,  B08B7/0021 ,  C23G5/00

    摘要： A separation method includes (a) providing a heterogeneous separation system, the heterogeneous cleaning system comprising CO2 in a first phase and an oil in a separate second phase; (b) entraining a material to be separated in the second phase; (c) wholly or partially solubilizing the second phase in the first phase to produce a separation system in which said material to be separated is insoluble; and then (d) separating the material from the system. The separating step is preferably followed by the step of (e) recovering at least a portion of the oil. The system is useful in a variety of applications, including cleaning (particularly metal cleaning), polymerization, extraction, coating, and particle formation and treatment.

    摘要翻译： 分离方法包括（a）提供非均相分离系统，所述非均相清洁系统包括第一阶段的CO 2和在独立的第二阶段中的油; （b）在第二阶段夹带分离材料; （c）在第一相中完全或部分地增溶第二相以产生分离系统，其中待分离的材料是不溶的; 然后（d）从系统中分离材料。 优选分离步骤之后是（e）回收至少一部分油的步骤。 该系统可用于各种应用，包括清洗（特别是金属清洗），聚合，萃取，涂覆和颗粒形成和处理。

    Surface treatment
    8.
    发明授权
    Surface treatment 有权
    表面处理

    公开(公告)号：US06344243B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-02-05

    申请号：US09921376

    申请日：2001-08-02

    申请人： James B. McClain ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James P. DeYoung

    发明人： James B. McClain ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James P. DeYoung

    IPC分类号： B05D100

    CPC分类号： B05D1/18 ,  B05D2401/90 ,  C23C26/00 ,  C23C30/00 ,  D06M15/277 ,  D06M15/643 ,  D06M23/10 ,  D06M23/105 ,  D06M2101/06 ,  D06M2101/08 ,  D06M2101/12 ,  D06M2101/32 ,  D06M2101/34 ,  D06M2200/12

    摘要： A method of treating a substrate comprises contacting a surface of said substrate, with a pressurized fluid comprising carbon dioxide and a surface treatment component, the surface treatment component being entrained in the pressurized fluid and contacting the surface so that the surface treatment component lowers the surface tension of the surface of the substrate and treats the substrate. The contacting step is preferably carried out by immersion, the fluid is preferably a liquid or supercritical fluid, the substrate is preferably a metal or fabric substrate, and the surface treatment component is preferably a fluoroacrylate polymer.

    摘要翻译： 处理基材的方法包括使所述基材的表面与包含二氧化碳和表面处理组分的加压流体接触，所述表面处理组分被夹带在加压流体中并与表面接触，使得表面处理组分降低表面 衬底表面的张力并处理衬底。 接触步骤优选通过浸渍进行，流体优选为液体或超临界流体，基底优选为金属或织物基底，并且表面处理组分优选为氟代丙烯酸酯聚合物。

    Heterogeneous polymerizations in carbon dioxide
    9.
    发明授权
    Heterogeneous polymerizations in carbon dioxide 失效
    二氧化碳中的非均相聚合

    公开(公告)号：US5780553A

    公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

    申请号：US846822

    申请日：1997-04-30

    申请人： Joseph M. DeSimone ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  Dorian A. Canelas ,  Katherine A. Shaffer

    发明人： Joseph M. DeSimone ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  Dorian A. Canelas ,  Katherine A. Shaffer

    IPC分类号： C08F2/04 ,  C08F290/04 ,  C08F290/14 ,  C08F259/00 ,  C08F275/00

    CPC分类号： C08F290/148 ,  C08F2/04 ,  C08F290/046

    摘要： A method for the polymerization of a monomer is disclosed. The method includes (a) providing a reaction mixture comprising a monomer, a stabilizer precursor, and a polymerization initiator in a polymerization medium comprising carbon dioxide; and then (b) polymerizing the monomer and the stabilizer precursor in the polymerization medium to form a heterogeneous reaction mixture comprising a polymer in the polymerization medium. The stabilizer precursor is covalently bound the polymer to provide an intrinsic surfactant in the polymer, which stabilizes the polymer in the heterogeneous reaction mixture.

    摘要翻译： 公开了聚合单体的方法。 该方法包括（a）在包含二氧化碳的聚合介质中提供包含单体，稳定剂前体和聚合引发剂的反应混合物; 然后（b）在聚合介质中聚合单体和稳定剂前体以形成在聚合介质中包含聚合物的非均相反应混合物。 稳定剂前体共价结合聚合物以在聚合物中提供固有的表面活性剂，其使非均相反应混合物中的聚合物稳定。

    Detergent injection methods for carbon dioxide cleaning apparatus
    10.
    发明授权
    Detergent injection methods for carbon dioxide cleaning apparatus 失效
    二氧化碳清洗设备的洗涤剂注射方法

    公开(公告)号：US06711773B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-03-30

    申请号：US10234766

    申请日：2002-09-04

    申请人： James P. DeYoung ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James B. McClain

    发明人： James P. DeYoung ,  Timothy J. Romack ,  James B. McClain

    IPC分类号： D06B2320

    CPC分类号： D06F43/005 ,  B08B7/0021 ,  D06F43/007 ,  D06F43/08

    摘要： A system for the controlled addition of detergent formulations and the like to a carbon dioxide cleaning apparatus comprises: (a) a high pressure wash vessel; (b) an auxiliary vessel; (c) a drain line connecting the auxiliary vessel to the wash vessel; (d) optionally but preferably, a separate vent line connecting the auxiliary vessel to the wash vessel; (e) a detergent reservoir; and (f) a detergent supply line connecting the detergent reservoir to the auxiliary vessel. An advantage of this apparatus is that, because the detergent formulation can be pumped into the auxiliary vessel in a predetermined aliquot or amount, which predetermined aliquot or amount can then be transferred into the wash vessel where it combines with the liquid carbon dioxide cleaning solution, the detergent formulation can be added to the cleaning solution in a more controlled or accurate manner. An alternate embodiment adapted for the addition of aqueous detergent formulations and the like to a carbon dioxide dry cleaning system under turbulent conditions comprises: (a) a high pressure wash vessel; (b) a filter; (c) a carbon dioxide cleaning solution drain line interconnecting the wash vessel to the filter; (d) a carbon dioxide cleaning solution supply line connecting the filter to the wash vessel; (e) a first high pressure pump (i.e., a pump that is capable of pumping liquid solutions comprising liquid carbon dioxide) operably connected to the drain line; (f) a detergent formulation reservoir; (g) a detergent formulation supply line connecting the reservoir to the carbon dioxide cleaning solution supply line; and (h) a second high pressure pump operably connected to the detergent formulation supply line for transferring detergent formulation from the detergent formulation reservoir into the carbon dioxide cleaning solution under turbulent conditions.

    摘要翻译： 用于将二氧化碳清洗装置中洗涤剂配方等控制加入的系统包括：（a）高压洗涤容器; （b）辅助船只; （c）将辅助容器连接到洗涤容器的排水管线; （d）可选地，但优选地，将辅助容器连接到洗涤容器的单独排放管线; （e）洗涤剂储存器; 和（f）将洗涤剂储存器连接到辅助容器的洗涤剂供应管线。 该设备的优点在于，由于洗涤剂配方可以以预定的等分试样或数量泵送到辅助容器中，该预定的等分试样或数量可随后被转移到与液体二氧化碳清洗溶液结合的洗涤容器中， 洗涤剂配方可以以更受控制或更准确的方式添加到清洁溶液中。 适于在湍流条件下将含水洗涤剂配方等添加到二氧化碳干洗系统的替代实施方案包括：（a）高压洗涤容器; （b）过滤器; （c）将洗涤容器与过滤器相互连接的二氧化碳清洗液排出管线; （d）将过滤器连接到洗涤容器的二氧化碳清洗溶液供应管线; （e）可操作地连接到排出管线的第一高压泵（即，能够泵送包含液体二氧化碳的液体溶液的泵）; （f）洗涤剂配制容器; （g）将储存器连接到二氧化碳清洗溶液供应管线的洗涤剂配制剂供应管线; 和（h）第二高压泵，其可操作地连接到洗涤剂配方供应管线，用于将洗涤剂配方从紊乱的条件下将洗涤剂配制剂从洗涤剂配制容器转移到二氧化碳清洗溶液中。