公开(公告)号：US5474665A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-12

申请号：US306572

申请日：1994-09-15

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Hermann Fischer ,  Manfred Koeder ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Ulrich Eisele

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Hermann Fischer ,  Manfred Koeder ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Ulrich Eisele

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02D41/14 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/407

CPC分类号： G01N27/419 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： The invention relates to a measuring sensor having pump reference for measuring the oxygen content of gas mixtures, particularly exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The sensor includes a measuring cell (A) and a reference cell (B) each having a pair of electrodes, with one of each respective pairs of electrodes being common to the two cells, and having a fixed electrolyte. Reference cell (B) has defined therein an internal oxygen reference zone which is hermetically sealed from the gas mixture and which is connected to the atmosphere by way of a pressure-equalization line. The measuring cell (A) and the reference cell (B) can be heated by heating apparatus to a temperature at which the fixed electrolyte has an ionic conductivity which is sufficiently high. The heating apparatus and a porous insulation are advantageously disposed in the vicinity of the electrode of the reference cell which is not in common with the measuring cell and which is porous so that the porous insulation, together with the porous electrode, form the internal oxygen reference zone and, together with the porous electrode and its porous conductor track, form the pressure-equalization line.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种具有用于测量气体混合物，特别是内燃机废气的氧含量的泵参考的测量传感器。 传感器包括测量单元（A）和参考单元（B），每个参考单元具有一对电极，每对电极中的每一对电极与两个单元共用，并具有固定的电解液。 参考电池（B）在其中限定了内部氧参考区，其内部氧参考区与气体混合物气密密封，并通过压力平衡线连接到大气。 测量单元（A）和参考单元（B）可以通过加热装置加热至固定电解质具有足够高的离子电导率的温度。 加热装置和多孔绝缘体有利地设置在参比单元的电极附近，其与测量池不相同，并且是多孔的，使得多孔绝缘体与多孔电极一起形成内部氧参考 并且与多孔电极及其多孔导体轨道一起形成压力平衡线。

公开(公告)号：US5507174A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-16

申请号：US211569

申请日：1994-08-02

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  F02B1/04 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01M15/00 ,  G01N27/48

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： A polarographic sensor for determining concentration of certain components including oxygen or combustible fractions, such as hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, includes a pump cell having an anode, a cathode, and an oxygen ion-conducting solid electrolyte provided between the anode and the cathode, wherein the cathode is provided with a diffusion barrier, wherein the anode is provided with a diffusion barrier, and wherein the concentration of the certain components is determined by measurement of a limiting current through the electrolyte and across one of the diffusion barriers to the corresponding anode or cathode.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 00674 Sec。 371日期1994年8月2日 102（e）日期1994年8月2日PCT提交1993年7月31日PCT公布。 第WO94 / 04911号公报 日本3月3日，1994.用于确定内燃机废气中某些组分（包括氧气或可燃组分）如烃，氢气和一氧化碳的浓度的极谱传感器包括具有阳极， 阴极和设置在阳极和阴极之间的氧离子传导固体电解质，其中阴极设置有扩散阻挡层，其中阳极设置有扩散阻挡层，并且其中某些组分的浓度通过测量确定 限制电流通过电解质，并穿过一个扩散屏障到相应的阳极或阴极。

公开(公告)号：US5505837A

公开(公告)日：1996-04-09

申请号：US290704

申请日：1994-12-12

申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Bernd Schumann

发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Gerhard Hoetzel ,  Harald Neumann ,  Johann Riegel ,  Bernd Schumann

IPC分类号： G01N27/12 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/26

CPC分类号： G01N27/419

摘要： A sensor arrangement for determining at least one of gas components and gas concentrations of gas mixtures including CO, NO.sub.x and HC in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, includes a measuring element which has a sensitive region; and a pump cell that includes a solid electrolyte and inner and outer pump electrodes which are opposingly disposed at least on the solid electrolyte and which effect an oxygen transfer to the measuring element, wherein the pump cell and the measuring element are spatially separated from one another, are located in different temperature zones during operation of the sensor arrangement, and are connected to one another by a diffusion segment through which oxygen can diffuse from the pump cell to the measuring element.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE94 / 00289 Sec。 371日期1994年12月12日第 102（e）日期1994年12月12日PCT 1994年3月17日PCT公布。 公开号WO94 / 24550 PCT 日期：1994年10月27日。一种用于确定内燃机废气中的CO，NO x和HC气体混合气体组分和气体浓度中的至少一种的传感器装置，包括具有敏感区域的测量元件; 以及泵电池，其包括固体电解质和内部和外部泵电极，所述内部和外部泵电极相对设置在至少在所述固体电解质上并且对所述测量元件进行氧传递，其中所述泵浦单元和所述测量元件在空间上彼此分离 位于传感器装置的操作期间的不同温度区域中，并且通过扩散段彼此连接，通过该扩散段，氧气可以从泵电池扩散到测量元件。

公开(公告)号：US4283261A

公开(公告)日：1981-08-11

申请号：US100256

申请日：1979-12-04

申请人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Bodo Ziegler

发明人： Helmut Maurer ,  Klaus Muller ,  Franz Rieger ,  Ernst Linder ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Bodo Ziegler

IPC分类号： G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/4071

摘要： To measure partial oxygen pressure in gases, particularly exhaust gases of automotive-type combustion engines, a solid electrolyte plate of elongated rectangular configuration has at least one electrode pair applied to a single surface thereof, which is exposed to the measuring gas. Preferably, the gap between electrodes is elongated, by forming the electrodes in comb-interdigited form. A thermocouple - temperature sensor can be applied between connecting tracks for the electrodes which extend longitudinally of the electrolyte plate towards the other end thereof, through a sealing mass holding the plate within a housing, the other end forming, simultaneously, a connection terminal for connection to an electric connector or plug. A heating element can be placed on the obverse side of the plate, preferably in the position in the gap between the electrodes. More than one such sensor element may be secured in the same housing, and, for example, two such plates, back to back, with the heating element therebetween, spaced from each other, or as a common block. The sensor may be used for potentiometric and/or polarographic measurement, depending upon cover coatings on the electrodes which control exposure thereof to the gases, catalytic or non-catalytic action of the electrodes (for example being of platinum or gold, respectively) and whether a voltage is applied across the electrode terminals, or the sensor is to operate as an electrochemical cell. Such sensor can be inexpensively made, are suitable for mass production, and flexible with respect to their mode of operation.

摘要翻译： 为了测量气体，特别是汽车型内燃机的废气中的部分氧气压力，细长矩形结构的固体电解质板具有至少一个电极对，其被施加到暴露于测量气体的单个表面。 优选地，通过以梳形交错形式形成电极，电极之间的间隙是细长的。 热电偶 - 温度传感器可以被施加在电极的连接轨道之间，电极的连接轨道通过将板保持在壳体内的密封块向另一端延伸，另一端同时形成用于连接的连接端子 电连接器或插头。 加热元件可以放置在板的正面上，优选地位于电极之间的间隙中的位置。 多个这样的传感器元件可以固定在相同的壳体中，并且例如两个这样的板，背对背，加热元件在它们之间，彼此间隔开，或者作为公共块。 传感器可以用于电位和/或极谱测量，这取决于电极上的覆盖物涂层，其控制其暴露于气体，电极的催化或非催化作用（例如分别为铂或金），以及是否 在电极端子上施加电压，或者传感器用作电化学电池。 这种传感器可以廉价地制造，适合于批量生产，并且相对于它们的操作模式是灵活的。

公开(公告)号：US4292158A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-29

申请号：US157303

申请日：1980-06-09

申请人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Wolfgang Leibfried ,  Gunther Stecher ,  Ernst Linder

发明人： Klaus Muller ,  Helmut Maurer ,  Hermann Dietz ,  Karl-Hermann Friese ,  Wolfgang Leibfried ,  Gunther Stecher ,  Ernst Linder

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/48 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 ,  G01N27/4072 ,  G01N27/48 ,  G01N33/0011

摘要： To simplify manufacture and provide a polarographic sensor of high response speed, operating according to the current limiting principle, an oxygen molecule migration barrier is provided leading to the cathode by separating the cathode from the space where the gas to be tested exists by a wall through which a hole is provided which extends therethrough to a small space immediately above the cathode defined by support elements placed immediately on the cathode. The hole, or a plurality of holes, is so dimensioned that the diameter thereof, with respect to its length, is small, with diameters of between 0.01 to 0.06 mm and a length of at least about 1 mm being suitable.

摘要翻译： 为了简化制造并提供具有高响应速度的极谱传感器，根据电流限制原理进行操作，通过将阴极从被测试气体存在的空间通过壁穿过而分离出阴极，从而提供氧分子迁移屏障 其中提供了一个孔，其延伸穿过其中直接位于阴极正上方的支撑元件限定的阴极正上方的小空间。 孔或多个孔的尺寸被设计成使得其直径相对于其长度小，直径在0.01至0.06mm之间，长度至少约1mm是合适的。

公开(公告)号：US5879526A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

申请号：US822510

申请日：1997-03-24

申请人： Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald

发明人： Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald

IPC分类号： G01N33/00 ,  G01N27/41

CPC分类号： G01N33/0037

摘要： An electrochemical measuring sensor for selectively determining nitrogen oxides in a gas mixture including oxygen and nitrogen oxides, includes a solid electrolyte layer; a cover layer; and a diffusion channel which is defined between the solid electrolyte layer and the cover layer, and through which the gas mixture diffuses in a diffusion direction. The solid electrolyte layer has provided on a surface thereof a first cathode and a second cathode disposed one after the other in the diffusion direction of the gas mixture within the diffusion channel and exposed to the gas mixture in the order recited, and has provided on an opposite surface thereof at least one anode. The diffusion channel forms a diffusion barrier for the second cathode. The first and second cathodes and the at least one anode are gas permeable and consist of one of a precious metal or a precious metal alloy. The first cathode is provided with a coating which completely covers same, which is impermeable to nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x), and which is permeable to oxygen. The first cathode, a portion of the solid electrolyte, and the at least one anode form a first pumping cell. The second cathode, another portion of the solid electrolyte, and the at least one anode form a second pumping cell. A measuring signal for determining NO.sub.x is measured between the second cathode of the second pumping cell and the at least one anode of the second pumping cell as a limiting current.

摘要翻译： 一种用于选择性地确定包含氧和氮氧化物的气体混合物中的氮氧化物的电化学测量传感器包括固体电解质层; 覆盖层; 以及限定在固体电解质层和覆盖层之间的扩散通道，气体混合物通过该扩散通道沿扩散方向扩散。 固体电解质层在其表面上设置有在扩散通道内的气体混合物的扩散方向上一个接一个地设置的第一阴极和第二阴极，并以所述顺序暴露于气体混合物，并且 其相对表面具有至少一个阳极。 扩散通道形成第二阴极的扩散阻挡层。 第一和第二阴极和至少一个阳极是透气的，由贵金属或贵金属合金之一组成。 第一阴极设置有完全覆盖的涂层，其对于氮氧化物（NOx）是不可渗透的，并且其是透氧的。 第一阴极，固体电解质的一部分和至少一个阳极形成第一泵浦电池。 第二阴极，固体电解质的另一部分和至少一个阳极形成第二泵浦电池。 在第二泵浦电池的第二阴极和第二泵浦电池的至少一个阳极之间测量用于确定NOx的测量信号作为限制电流。

公开(公告)号：US5849175A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-15

申请号：US809569

申请日：1997-03-24

申请人： Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald

发明人： Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald

IPC分类号： G01N27/406 ,  G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/419

CPC分类号： G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/4065

摘要： The invention relates to a method and a circuit arrangement for actuating a measuring sensor for determining an oxygen concentration in a gas mixture, particularly in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, wherein a detector voltage corresponding to the oxygen concentration and supplied by a reference probe is transferred into a pump voltage for a measuring probe by a circuit arrangement. It is provided that a curve of the detector voltage (U.sub.D) is used directly for determining the curve of the pump voltage (U.sub.P), with a first input (38) of the circuit arrangement (36) being connected to a first input (46) of an adder (48) at whose second input (50) an add voltage is applied and whose output (54) is connected to the second input (40) of the circuit arrangement (36) via an amplifier (58).

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE95 / 01181 Sec。 371日期1997年3月24日 102（e）1997年3月24日PCT PCT 1995年9月1日PCT公布。 公开号WO96 / 09536 日期：1996年3月28日本发明涉及一种用于致动测量传感器以确定气体混合物，特别是内燃机排气中的氧气浓度的方法和电路装置，其中检测器电压对应于氧浓度并提供 通过参考探头通过电路布置被传送到用于测量探针的泵电压。 提供了检测器电压（UD）的曲线直接用于确定泵电压（UP）的曲线，其中电路装置（36）的第一输入端（38）连接到第一输入端（46） ），其第二输入端（50）施加相加电压，并且其输出端（54）经由放大器（58）连接到电路装置（36）的第二输入端（40）。

公开(公告)号：US5702580A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-30

申请号：US617873

申请日：1996-03-21

申请人： Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Claudio De La Prieta ,  Gert Lindemann ,  Ulrich Eisele ,  Carmen Schmiedel

发明人： Hermann Dietz ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Claudio De La Prieta ,  Gert Lindemann ,  Ulrich Eisele ,  Carmen Schmiedel

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/417 ,  G01N27/419 ,  G01N27/407

CPC分类号： G01N27/417

摘要： A measuring sensor for determining oxygen content in a gas mixture including exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, includes a base substrate which is comprised of a base material and which is electrically insulating; and an electrochemical measuring probe and an electrochemical reference probe arranged separate from each other on the base substrate. The measuring probe includes at least one internal electrode; at least one solid electrolyte island; and at least one external electrode. The measuring probe additionally includes a diffusion barrier. Further base material layers composed of the base material are provided so as to embed at least the diffusion barrier, the at least one internal electrodes for the measuring probe and the internal electrode for the reference probe. A diffusion hole is defined between the measuring probe and the reference probe which extends from the base substrate through the diffusion barrier and respective base material layers, and out to the gas mixture to be measured. Thermal stress and the accompanying tendency to cracking is reduced by providing the solid electrolyte as islands. Separate disposition of the measuring probe and the reference probe, i.e., without a common electrode, permits construction as individual layers using, for example, screen printing.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE95 / 01305 Sec。 371日期1996年3月21日 102（e）日期1996年3月21日PCT提交1995年9月22日PCT公布。 公开号WO96 / 11394 日期1996年04月18日用于测定包括内燃机废气的气体混合物中的氧含量的测量传感器包括由基材构成并且是电绝缘的基底， 以及在基底基板上彼此分离设置的电化学测量探针和电化学参考探针。 测量探头包括至少一个内部电极; 至少一个固体电解质岛; 和至少一个外部电极。 测量探头还包括扩散阻挡层。 提供由基材构成的其他基材层，以便至少嵌入扩散阻挡层，至少一个用于测量探针的内部电极和用于参考探针的内部电极。 在测量探针和参考探针之间限定了扩散孔，该探针从基底基底通过扩散阻挡层和相应的基底层层延伸出来，并且进入待测量的气体混合物。 通过提供固体电解质作为岛来减少热应力和伴随的开裂倾向。 测量探针和参考探针的单独布置，即没有公共电极，可以使用例如丝网印刷将结构设计为单独的层。

公开(公告)号：US5302275A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-12

申请号：US934489

申请日：1992-09-14

申请人： Hermann Dietz ,  Barbara Beyer ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Claudio Da La Prieta

发明人： Hermann Dietz ,  Barbara Beyer ,  Werner Gruenwald ,  Claudio Da La Prieta

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  G01N27/26 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/417 ,  G01N27/419

CPC分类号： G01N27/417 ,  G01N27/4072

摘要： A sensor element is proposed for an oxygen limiting current probe for the determination of the .lambda. value of gas mixtures, particularly the exhaust gases of internal-combustion engines, whose oxygen supply is provided by a short-circuit cell disposed upstream of the pumping cell of the sensor element. In this way the CO.sub.2 and H.sub.2 O transverse sensitivity of the sensor element is made ineffective. In order to obtain at the pumping cell a limiting current that is a linear function of the O.sub.2 partial pressure, a diffusion barrier must additionally be disposed between the short-circuit cell and the pumping cell.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00166 Sec。 371日期：1992年9月14日 102（e）日期1992年9月14日PCT 1991年2月27日提交PCT公布。 WO91 / 14174 PCT出版物 日期为1991年9月19日。为了确定气体混合物（特别是内燃机的废气）的（λ）值，提出了一种用于氧气限制电流探针的传感器元件，其内燃机的氧气供应由短路 设置在传感器元件的泵浦单元的上游的电路单元。 以这种方式，传感器元件的CO2和H2O横向灵敏度无效。 为了在泵浦单元处获得作为O 2分压的线性函数的极限电流，扩散势垒必须另外设置在短路单元和泵浦单元之间。

公开(公告)号：US4356065A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-26

申请号：US213049

申请日：1980-12-04

申请人： Hermann Dietz

发明人： Hermann Dietz

IPC分类号： G01N27/41 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02D41/14 ,  G01K7/26 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/409 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G05B23/02 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 ,  F02B1/04

摘要： A solid electrolyte is sandwiched between a measuring electrode exposed to the gas and a reference electrode exposed to a reference gas of known oxygen level, and a cover, for example in form of a layer or a cap, is applied over the measuring electrode. To linearize output from the sensor over a wide range of oxygen partial pressure in a gas so that, upon applying a voltage across the electrodes thereof, current flow will be representative of the oxygen concentration in the gas, the cover consists of a material having a predetermined diffusion resistance to oxygen while essentially inhibiting convection of gases to the electrode and limiting the quantity of oxygen reaching the measuring electrode to that value at which any oxygen molecules reaching the measuring electrode will be immediately converted by electrode reaction, thus inhibiting current flow through the sensor due to diffusion of gases and preventing that the current through the sensor will be determined by the activating energy of the charge penetration through the phase separation at the electrode surface.

摘要翻译： 将固体电解质夹在暴露于气体的测量电极和暴露于已知氧含量的参考气体的参比电极之间，并将覆盖物例如层或盖的形式施加到测量电极上。 为了在气体中的宽范围的氧分压线性化传感器的输出，使得当在其电极上施加电压时，电流将代表气体中的氧浓度，盖由具有 预定的对氧气的扩散阻力，同时基本上抑制气体对电极的对流，并将到达测量电极的氧气量限制在达到测量电极的任何氧分子将被电极反应立即转换的值，从而抑制电流流经 传感器由于气体的扩散并且阻止通过传感器的电流将由通过电极表面处的相分离的电荷穿透的活化能确定。