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    Latex processes
    4.
    发明授权
    Latex processes 失效
    乳胶工艺

    公开(公告)号：US06503680B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-01-07

    申请号：US09940926

    申请日：2001-08-29

    申请人： Allan K. Chen ,  George Liebermann ,  Tie Hwee Ng ,  Arthur Helbrecht ,  Emily L. Moore ,  Abdisamed Sheik-qasim ,  Patricia A. Burns ,  Nam S. Ro

    发明人： Allan K. Chen ,  George Liebermann ,  Tie Hwee Ng ,  Arthur Helbrecht ,  Emily L. Moore ,  Abdisamed Sheik-qasim ,  Patricia A. Burns ,  Nam S. Ro

    IPC分类号： G03G9087

    CPC分类号： G03G9/08702 ,  C08F291/00 ,  G03G9/0806 ,  G03G9/081 ,  C08F2/22

    摘要： A process for the preparation of a latex polymer consistent with E/A (emulsion/aggregation/coalescence) toner manufacture. The process utilizes a standard (universal) latex composition and involves chain-transfer agent partitioning, emulsion polymerization that provides a latex polymer with a wide range of molecular properties. In particular, the process customizes a wide range Mw (weight average molecular weight) latex, without substantially varying the Mn (number average molecular weight) and hence, without substantially varying Tg (glass transition temperature) such that good toner performance is maintained. In a preferred process, a latex polymer is prepared by mixing a seed particle latex, generated by aqueous emulsion polymerization of a first portion of a monomer emulsion, with a second portion of the monomer emulsion and at least one chain-transfer agent. The mixing is done in the presence of a free-radical initiator and heated, and wherein the monomer emulsion comprises a mixture of polymerization reagents of at least one monomer, at least one chain-transfer agent, at least one surfactant, and water. This process may be applied to core-shell polymerization as well. These latex polymers are ideally suited in the manufacture of toner and developer for electrophotographic imaging and printing.

    摘要翻译： 制备与E / A（乳液/聚集/聚​​结）调色剂制造一致的胶乳聚合物的方法。 该方法使用标准（通用）胶乳组合物，并涉及链转移剂分配，乳液聚合，其提供具有广泛分子性质的胶乳聚合物。 特别地，该方法定制了宽范围的Mw（重均分子量）胶乳，而基本上不改变Mn（数均分子量），因此没有实质上改变的Tg（玻璃化转变温度），使得维持良好的调色剂性能。 在优选的方法中，通过混合通过单体乳液的第一部分的水乳液聚合产生的种子颗粒胶乳与第二部分单体乳液和至少一种链转移剂来制备胶乳聚合物。 混合在自由基引发剂的存在下进行并加热，其中单体乳液包含至少一种单体，至少一种链转移剂，至少一种表面活性剂和水的聚合试剂的混合物。 该方法也可以应用于核 - 壳聚合。 这些胶乳聚合物非常适用于制造用于电子照相成像和印刷的调色剂和显影剂。

    Polymerization processes
    5.
    发明授权
    Polymerization processes 失效
    聚合工艺

    公开(公告)号：US06447974B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-10

    申请号：US09896293

    申请日：2001-07-02

    申请人： Allan K. Chen ,  George Liebermann ,  Tie Hwee Ng ,  Arthur Helbrecht ,  Abdisamed Sheik-qasim ,  David Kurceba ,  Chieh-Min Cheng ,  Emily L. Moore

    发明人： Allan K. Chen ,  George Liebermann ,  Tie Hwee Ng ,  Arthur Helbrecht ,  Abdisamed Sheik-qasim ,  David Kurceba ,  Chieh-Min Cheng ,  Emily L. Moore

    IPC分类号： G03G9093

    CPC分类号： G03G9/0806

    摘要： A process for the preparation of a latex polymer by (i) preparing or providing a water aqueous phase containing an anionic surfactant in an optional amount of less than or equal to about 20 percent by weight of the total amount of anionic surfactant used in forming the latex polymer; (ii) preparing or providing a monomer emulsion in water which emulsion contains an anionic surfactant; (iii) adding about 50 percent or less of said monomer emulsion to said aqueous phase to thereby initiate seed polymerization and to form a seed polymer, said aqueous phase containing a free radical initiator; and (iv) adding the remaining percent of said monomer emulsion to the composition of (iii) and heating to complete an emulsion polymerization thus forming a latex polymer.

    摘要翻译： 一种制备胶乳聚合物的方法，该方法是（i）制备或提供含有阴离子表面活性剂的水相，其任选量小于或等于形成所述阴离子表面活性剂所用阴离子表面活性剂的总量的约20重量％ 胶乳聚合物;（ii）在水中制备或提供单体乳液，该乳液含有阴离子表面活性剂;（iii）向所述水相中加入约50％或更少的所述单体乳液，从而引发种子聚合并形成种子聚合物， 所述水相含有自由基引发剂; 和（iv）将所述单体乳液的剩余百分比加入到（iii）的组合物中并加热以完成乳液聚合，从而形成胶乳聚合物。

    In-situ method of forming zinc stearate dispersion and use thereof in toners
    6.
    发明授权
    In-situ method of forming zinc stearate dispersion and use thereof in toners 失效

    公开(公告)号：US06664018B2

    公开(公告)日：2003-12-16

    申请号：US10063428

    申请日：2002-04-23

    申请人： Allan K. Chen ,  Tie Hwee Ng ,  Lu Jiang ,  Kimberly D. Nosella ,  Paul J. Gerroir ,  Michael Damato

    发明人： Allan K. Chen ,  Tie Hwee Ng ,  Lu Jiang ,  Kimberly D. Nosella ,  Paul J. Gerroir ,  Michael Damato

    IPC分类号： G03G500

    CPC分类号： G03G9/09791

    摘要： A method of forming an aqueous dispersion of particles of zinc stearate includes the steps of forming a mixture of at least one surfactant and water, heating the mixture to a temperature of from about 40° C. to less than a melting temperature of zinc stearate, adding a metal-containing stearate to the mixture under agitation, adding to the mixture a solution of a zinc salt in water, whereby upon inclusion of both the metal-containing stearate and the zinc salt in the mixture, the zinc salt reacts with the metal-containing stearate to form the particles of zinc stearate, continuing the heating and agitation following completion of the latter of the adding of the solution of zinc salt or the adding of the metal-containing stearate to continue the reaction, and cooling to obtain the aqueous dispersion of particles of zinc stearate. The method forms a stable aqueous dispersion of nanometer sized zinc stearate particles particularly useful in coating toner particles.