摘要:
An elastic roller includes a conductive base; an elastic layer on the conductive base; a surface parting layer on the elastic layer, the surface parting layer having a surface resistance of not less than 10.sup.10 ohm; wherein the elastic layer has a volume resistivity of not more than 10.sup.7 ohm.cm.
摘要:
A charging device includes a charging member contactable to a member to be charged. A bias source includes an AC source and a DC source and is effective to apply a bias voltage to the charging member. The bias voltage is provided by a superposing a constant current controlled AC voltage and a constant voltage controlled DC voltage. When a DC voltage is applied between the charging member and the member to be charged, the following equation is satisfied..vertline.(applied voltage V)-(charge voltage V.sub.D of the member to be charged).vertline.=.vertline.(charge starting voltage V.sub.TH).vertline..The charge starting voltage is a DC voltage at a level which the member to be charged starts charging when only a DC voltage is applied between the member to be charged and the charging member. When the above relationship is used in the AC voltage application, the charge voltage V.sub.D oscillates in the charge region with a center of DC voltage V.sub.DC. Since the peak-to-peak voltage of the oscillating voltage required for uniform charging changes with ambient conditions, it is necessary to compensate for this change. The electric current supplied to the charging member by the oscillating component provided by the AC source is controlled to be constant. Since the charge potential of the member to be charged is determined by the DC voltage component, it is charged to a constant potential by supplying a constant DC voltage level. Therefore, the DC voltage source of the bias voltage effects a constant voltage control.
摘要:
An image fixing apparatus for fixing a toner image on a recording material includes a pair of rotatable members for forming a nip through which the recording material is passed; and bias voltage applying source for applying a bias voltage to at least one of the rotatable members, wherein the bias voltage is automatically changed in accordance with change of an ambient condition.
摘要:
Charge-up damages to a substrate are reduced in a manufacturing process using plasma, and the reliability of a semiconductor device is improved. By forming an insulating film on the back of a substrate before a step of forming a first wiring layer, even if a plasma CVD method, a sputtering method, or a dry-etching method is used in a wiring-forming step executed later, then it is possible to suppress electric charges which are generated on the substrate and which flow to the ground potential through the substrate, and to prevent damages to the substrate due to charge-up.
摘要:
A wireless communication system performs wireless transmitting and receiving of data between first and second communication devices. The device transmits from the first communication device to the second communication device a prescribed signal by a prescribed carrier signal having a prescribed carrier frequency. The prescribed signal transmitted from the first communication device is received in the second communication device. The device generates in the second communication device a signal of prescribed frequency which is phase synchronous with the prescribed carrier signal. Transmission data is spread spectrum modulated using the signal of prescribed frequency generated in the generating step. The spread spectrum modulated signal is transmitted from the second communication device to the first communication device. The first communication device receives the spread spectrum modulated signal transmitted from the second communication device.
摘要:
A color printer for high-quality image recording. The printer comprises printer controller 200 having image memories (video RAM's) and printer engine 300. Memory selector 2005 changes over the image memory for forming image data by color component, and outputs a color designation signal CRCD indicative of a currently-used image memory. The CRCD signal value is "00" to indicate Y image memory 2001; "01", M image memory 2002; "10", C image memory 2003; and "11", K image memory 2004. Thus the CRCD indicates the color of the current image memory. Upon smoothing, VDO signal processor 302 changes over the smoothing logic based on the CRCD signal, accordingly, an appropriate smoothing logic for each color component image data can be applied.
摘要:
A data processing apparatus includes an image data generating section for generating image data, and an interpolation image data forming section for forming and outputting interpolation image data based on the image data generated by the image data generating section. The interpolation image data forming section includes a memory for storing the image data generated by the image data generating section.
摘要:
An image processing apparatus comprises a memory for storing image data to be formed into an image, a memory holding unit for holding the content of the memory, and a control unit for stopping the memory holding operation by memory holding unit during a stand-by period of the image forming operation.
摘要:
Binary data (VDO) developed to a dot pattern are sequentially stored in line memories (1-9). A processing circuit (43) is constituted by a logic calculation circuit, and determines an edge portion of an image or a halftone image on the basis of 11.times.9 pixel data in shift registers (34-43). When the edge portion of an image is determined, data of a pixel of interest is converted to data that can print a smooth edge portion. Changed data (VDOM) is converted again according to the type of toner. The converted signal is supplied to a laser driver of a printer, and a printing operation is performed by scanning a laser. A resolution setting unit (1700) receives a resolution setting command from an external apparatus (1300), and sets a designated resolution in a printer (1200) according to the resolution setting command. The resolution setting unit (1700) divides one pixel into an optimal number of pixel sections on the basis of the designated resolution, and sets a logic circuit for performing optimal smoothing processing for divided data in a smoothing unit (1018). Bit map development based on code data supplied from the external apparatus (1300), and smoothing processing according to a smoothing logic, are performed.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an area modulation means for forming a halftone image signal by area modulation according to input image data, and a recording unit for performing recording using a particle-type recording material according to the halftone image signal, wherein the length of a short side of a minimum modulation area of the area modulation means formed by the recording unit is set to 0.7-4 times an average particle size of the particle-type recording material.