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公开(公告)号：US06415075B1
公开(公告)日：2002-07-02
申请号：US09741945
申请日：2000-12-20
申请人： Michael E. DeRosa , Stephen J. Caracci , Dana C. Bookbinder , Thomas M. Leslie , Stephan L. Logunov
发明人： Michael E. DeRosa , Stephen J. Caracci , Dana C. Bookbinder , Thomas M. Leslie , Stephan L. Logunov
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02F1/0147 , G02B6/264
摘要： An optical signal limiter is provided for limiting transmission of a continuous wave optical signal that exceeds a preselected threshold power level. The limiter includes a body having input and output ends that is formed at least in part from a material having a negative thermal index coefficient of between about −0.5×10−4 °C.−1 and −4.0×10−4 °C.−1 and an absorption coefficient of between 1.0 to 5.0 dB/cm at wavelengths between 980-1650 nm. The limiter also includes collimating fibers mounted on the input and output ends to minimize low power signal losses across the limiter body. It may be installed at a junction between two optical fibers and is preferably formed from a curable adhesive having the aforementioned negative thermal index coefficient to obviate the need for separate bonding materials and joining steps during the installation of the limiter. The optical limiter is reusable and with a recovery time of 1-5 milliseconds advantageously prevents power surges in optical circuits from damaging sensitive optical components by limiting the amplitude of such surges within 0.2-0.5 milliseconds.
摘要翻译： 提供光信号限制器用于限制超过预选阈值功率电平的连续波光信号的传输。 限制器包括具有输入和输出端的主体，其至少部分地由具有在约-0.5×10 -4℃-1和-4.0×10 -4℃-1之间的负热指数系数的材料形成 并且在980-1650nm之间的波长处的吸收系数为1.0至5.0dB / cm。 限幅器还包括安装在输入和输出端的准直光纤，以最小化跨限幅器主体的低功率信号损耗。 其可以安装在两根光纤之间的连接处，并且优选由具有上述负热指数系数的可固化粘合剂形成，以避免在安装限制器期间分离的接合材料和接合步骤的需要。 光限制器是可重复使用的，并且具有1-5毫秒的恢复时间有利地通过将这种浪涌的幅度限制在0.2-0.5毫秒内来有效地防止光电路中的功率浪涌损坏敏感光学部件。
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公开(公告)号：US07239785B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-03
申请号：US11026458
申请日：2004-12-30
申请人： Steven E. DeMartino , Michael E. DeRosa , Gregory S. Glaesemann , Stephan L. Logunov , Ulrich W. H. Neukirch , Michael J. Winningham
发明人： Steven E. DeMartino , Michael E. DeRosa , Gregory S. Glaesemann , Stephan L. Logunov , Ulrich W. H. Neukirch , Michael J. Winningham
CPC分类号： C03C25/106 , C03C25/1065 , G02B6/02395 , G02B6/03633 , G02B6/03694
摘要： A method of minimizing localized heating of, or minimizing signal losses across a source of loss in, an optical fiber used in transmission of a high power optical signal at an operating wavelength. These methods include the steps of: providing an optical fiber which comprises either (i) a coating characterized by an absorbance of less than about 4.5 dB/cm at the operating wavelength or (ii) a refractive index lower than the refractive index of a cladding layer of the optical fiber by more than about 3×10−3 at the operating wavelength, or (iii) both (i) and (ii); and transmitting a optical signal having a power greater than about 250 mW through the optical fiber, wherein the coating, cladding layer, or combination thereof are selected to minimize localized heating of the optical fiber or to result in a signal loss across a source of loss that is less than about 250 mW at the operating wavelength.
摘要翻译： 一种使在工作波长的高功率光信号传输中使用的光纤中的损耗源的局部加热的局部加热或减少信号损失最小化的方法。 这些方法包括以下步骤：提供光纤，其包括（i）在工作波长处的吸光度小于约4.5dB / cm的涂层，或（ii）低于包层的折射率的折射率 （iii）（i）和（ii）两者之间的光纤层超过约3×10 -3 -3。 并且通过光纤传输具有大于约250mW的功率的光信号，其中选择涂层，包层或其组合以使光纤的局部加热最小化或导致跨越损耗源的信号损失 在工作波长处小于约250mW。
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公开(公告)号：US06493478B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-10
申请号：US09727004
申请日：2000-11-30
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02F1/225 , G02F1/0126 , G02F1/0147 , G02F1/061 , G02F1/3137 , G02F2202/022 , G02F2203/48
摘要： An optical device which utilizes a photothermal optical effect to achieve switching or attenuation includes a waveguide defined by a waveguide core and a surrounding cladding, wherein the polymer waveguide core includes a region consisting of a photothermally responsive material having an absorption coefficient at a switch wavelength or attenuation wavelength that is higher than an absorption coefficient at a signal wavelength. Switching devices include an optical splitter circuit having a branch that includes the photothermally responsive material, and either a multiplexer for introducing light at the switch wavelength into the optical circuit or a light source focused at the photothermally responsive material. Attenuating devices include a Mach-Zehnder type interferometer having a branch that includes the photothermally responsive material and either a multiplexer for introducing light at the attenuation wavelength into the optical circuit or a light source focused at the photothermally responsive material.
摘要翻译： 利用光热效应实现切换或衰减的光学装置包括由波导芯和周围包层限定的波导，其中聚合物波导芯包括由在开关波长处具有吸收系数的光热响应材料组成的区域，或 衰减波长比信号波长处的吸收系数高。 开关装置包括具有包括光热响应材料的分支的光分路器电路，以及用于将开关波长的光引入光电路的多路复用器或聚焦在光热响应材料处的光源。 衰减装置包括具有包括光热响应材料的分支的马赫 - 曾德尔型干涉仪，以及用于将衰减波长的光引入光电路的多路复用器或聚焦在光热响应材料处的光源。
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公开(公告)号：US06599957B2
公开(公告)日：2003-07-29
申请号：US09850394
申请日：2001-05-07
IPC分类号： C08F248
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011 , C09D4/06 , G02B6/12028 , G02B6/1203 , G02B6/24 , G02B6/3801 , C08F259/08
摘要： A UV light-curable composition comprises: (a) a first component, said first component being UV light-polymerizable polymer having a first index of refraction; and (b) a second component, the second component being UV light-polymerizable monomer having a second index of refraction, the second index of refraction being higher than said first index of refraction; wherein the first component polymerizes slower upon exposure to UV radiation than the second component.
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公开(公告)号：US07005186B1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-28
申请号：US10662750
申请日：2003-09-15
CPC分类号： C08K5/0091 , B32B27/38 , C08G59/40 , C08K5/0041 , Y10T428/31511 , Y10T428/31515 , C08L63/00
摘要： A new damage resistant and tolerant optical element is disclosed. Prior art solid or liquid host matrices are replaced by a soft crosslinked polymer or similar host material. The viscoelastic properties of the matrix host material are controlled during formation so that there are regions of different softness, of stiffness, within the matrix, to form a stiffness gradient. Preferably, the matrix will be softest at a preselected focal plane where maximum electromagnetic radiation or energy output may be expected. The host matrix is doped with an appropriate dopant having a concentration distribution, preferably such that the concentration of dopant is highest in the region where the host matrix material is most soft. Two important disclosed example embodiments are an optical limiter and a solid state dye laser.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种新的耐损伤和耐受光学元件。 现有技术的固体或液体宿主基质被软交联聚合物或类似的主体材料代替。 在形成期间控制基质主体材料的粘弹性，使得在基体内存在不同柔软度，刚度的区域，以形成刚度梯度。 优选地，在可以预期最大电磁辐射或能量输出的预选焦平面处，矩阵将是最软的。 主体矩阵掺杂有具有浓度分布的合适掺杂剂，优选使得掺杂剂的浓度在主体基质材料最软的区域中最高。 两个重要的公开的示例性实施例是光学限制器和固态染料激光器。
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公开(公告)号：US06860651B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-01
申请号：US10435985
申请日：2003-05-12
申请人： Michael E. DeRosa , William J. Miller , Donald M. Trotter, Jr. , Ljerka Ukrainczyk , Debra L. Vastag , Peter G. Wigley
发明人： Michael E. DeRosa , William J. Miller , Donald M. Trotter, Jr. , Ljerka Ukrainczyk , Debra L. Vastag , Peter G. Wigley
CPC分类号： G02B6/243 , G02B6/262 , G02B6/266 , G02B6/3845
摘要： A device for removing heat from a fiber-optic package having at least one optical element includes a terminated fiber for diverting excess optical power away from the optical element and an energy dissipating element having a capability to absorb the optical power from the terminated fiber and a high thermal conductivity sufficient to distribute heat generated from absorption of the optical power.
摘要翻译： 用于从具有至少一个光学元件的光纤封装中去除热量的装置包括用于将多余光功率转移离开光学元件的端接光纤和具有从端接的光纤吸收光功率的能量的能量消散元件，以及 高热导率足以分配由光功率的吸收产生的热量。
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公开(公告)号：US06744951B2
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US09850341
申请日：2001-05-07
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： G02B6/12011 , C09D4/06 , G02B6/12028 , G02B6/24 , G02B6/3801 , C08F259/08
摘要： A method of coupling optical waveguides comprising the steps of: (i) providing at least one pair of waveguides located such that (a) light radiation propagating through one of the waveguides will be at least partially coupled to a corresponding waveguide and, (b) these waveguides are separated by a gap of about 2 &mgr;m to about 500 &mgr;m long; the waveguides having positive dn/dT; (ii) filling the gap with a photo-polymerizable composition, the composition having dn/dT of −2×10−4/C to −4×10−4/C; (iii) providing simultaneous photo-radiation through said waveguides, wherein the photo-radiation photo-polymerizes the composition, thereby (a) creating a first region bridging between the waveguides, the first region having a first index of refraction, and (b) a second region encapsulating the first region, the second region having a second index of refraction, such that said first index of refraction of the first region is at least 0.1% higher than the second index of refraction; and (iv) curing the remaining composition, while retaining an index difference of at least 0.1% between the first region and the second region.
摘要翻译： 一种耦合光波导的方法，包括以下步骤：（i）提供至少一对波导，其定位成使得（a）通过波导中的一个传播的光辐射将至少部分地耦合到相应的波导，并且（b） 这些波导由约2μm至约500μm的间隙隔开; 波导具有正的dn / dT; （ii）用可光聚合组合物填充间隙，该组合物的dn / dT为-2×10 -4 / 4至4×10 -4 /℃; （iii）通过所述波导提供同时的光辐射，其中所述光辐射光聚合所述组合物，从而（a）产生桥接在所述波导之间的第一区域，所述第一区域具有第一折射率，和（b） 封装所述第一区域的第二区域，所述第二区域具有第二折射率，使得所述第一区域的所述第一折射率比所述第二折射率高至少0.1％; 和（iv）固化剩余的组合物，同时保持第一区域和第二区域之间的至少0.1％的折射率差异。
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8.发明授权Optical element of light limiting dopant distributed in viscoelastic host material 失效光限制掺杂剂的光学元件分布在粘弹性主体材料中公开(公告)号：US06620863B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-16
申请号：US09874619
申请日：2001-06-05
IPC分类号： C08K556
CPC分类号： C08K5/0091 , B32B27/38 , C08G59/40 , C08K5/0041 , Y10T428/31511 , Y10T428/31515 , C08L63/00
摘要： A damage resistant and tolerant optical element is disclosed. Prior art solid or liquid host matrices are replaced by a soft crosslinked polymer or similar host material. The viscoelastic properties of the matrix host material are controlled during formation so that there are regions of different softness, of stiffness, within the matrix, to form a stiffness gradient. Preferably, the matrix will be softest at a preselected focal plane where maximum electromagnetic radiation or energy output may be expected. The host matrix is doped with a light altering dopant having a concentration distribution, preferably such that the concentration of light limiting dopant is highest in the region where the host matrix material is most soft. Two important disclosed example embodiments are an optical limiter and a solid state dye laser.
摘要翻译： 公开了耐损伤和耐受光学元件。 现有技术的固体或液体宿主基质被软交联聚合物或类似的主体材料代替。 在形成期间控制基质主体材料的粘弹性，使得在基体内存在不同柔软度，刚度的区域，以形成刚度梯度。 优选地，在可以预期最大电磁辐射或能量输出的预选焦平面处，矩阵将是最软的。 主体矩阵掺杂有具有浓度分布的光改变掺杂剂，优选地使得限制掺杂剂的浓度在主体基质材料最软的区域中最高。 两个重要的公开的示例实施例是光限制器和固态染料激光器。
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公开(公告)号：US06520689B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-18
申请号：US09907351
申请日：2001-07-17
IPC分类号： G02B6255
CPC分类号： G02B6/3801 , G02B6/2551
摘要： A method for splicing optical fibers is disclosed. The fibers are held by ferrules with a softening temperature at least 30° C. below that of the lower of the glass transition temperatures of the fibers. The ends of the fibers are actively aligned and brought into contact, then energy is applied to fuse the ferrules together, maintaining the alignment of the ends of the fibers. The ferrules may be a low-melting inorganic glass, such as a lead bismuth borosilicate glass. The method and ferrules of the present invention are especially useful in splicing fibers of dissimilar thermomechanical properties.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种拼接光纤的方法。 纤维被软管温度保持在低于纤维的玻璃化转变温度较低的30℃以下的套管。 纤维的端部被主动对准并且接触，然后施加能量以将套圈熔合在一起，保持纤维端部的对准。 套圈可以是低熔点无机玻璃，例如硼酸铅铋硼玻璃。 本发明的方法和套圈特别适用于不同的热机械性能的拼接纤维。
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