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    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells
    1.
    发明授权
    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells 失效
    用于碱性可再充电电化学电池的组成和结构上无序的多相氢氧化镍正极

    公开(公告)号：US5637423A

    公开(公告)日：1997-06-10

    申请号：US232782

    申请日：1994-04-20

    申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    IPC分类号： H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80 ,  H01M10/34

    CPC分类号： H01M10/345 ,  H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80

    摘要： A positive electrode for use in alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising: a material comprising a compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide host matrix which includes at least one modifier. A process for forming a high loading uniformly distributed multiphase substantially nitrate free sintered positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell, the process comprising: (1) fabricating sintered electrode material by forming a slurry of nickel powder, water, carboxy methyl cellulose binder, methyl cellulose binder, and a poly(ethylene oxide) polymer; spreading the slurry on a preoxidized perforated nickel substrate; drying the slurry; and sintering the slurry; (2) impregnating the sintered electrode material using multiple impregnation cycles to attain high loading; and (3) forming the impregnated sinter into positive electrode material by presoaking the impregnated sinter in NaOH presoak tanks to substantially eliminate nitrates; brushing the presoaked impregnated sinter in a surface brushing station; charging the brushed impregnated sinter; discharging the charged impregnated sinter; rinsing the discharged impregnated sinter; and drying the rinsed impregnated sinter to complete the formation of positive electrode material.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于碱性可再充电电化学电池的正电极，包括：包含组成和结构上无序的多相氢氧化镍主体基质的材料，其包含至少一种改性剂。 一种用于形成用于碱性可再充电电化学电池的高负载均匀分布的多相基本上无硝酸盐的烧结正电极的方法，所述方法包括：（1）通过形成镍粉，水，羧甲基纤维素粘合剂的浆料来制造烧结的电极材料 ，甲基纤维素粘合剂和聚（环氧乙烷）聚合物; 将浆料铺展在预氧化的穿孔镍基底上; 干燥浆料; 并烧结浆料; （2）使用多次浸渍循环浸渍烧结电极材料以达到高负荷; 和（3）通过将浸渍的烧结体预浸泡在NaOH预浸罐中以基本上除去硝酸盐，将浸渍的烧结物形成为正极材料; 在表面刷洗站中刷涂预浸渍的浸渍烧结物; 对刷洗过的烧结矿进行充电; 对带电的浸渍烧结物进行放电; 冲洗排出的浸渍烧结物; 并干燥漂洗的浸渍烧结物，以完成正极材料的形成。

    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode containing modifiers
    2.
    发明授权
    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode containing modifiers 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5948564A

    公开(公告)日：1999-09-07

    申请号：US782863

    申请日：1997-01-13

    申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    IPC分类号： H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80 ,  H01M10/34

    CPC分类号： H01M10/345 ,  H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80

    摘要： A positive electrode for use in alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising: a material comprising a compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide host matrix which includes at least one modifier chosen from the group consisting of F, Li, Na, K, Mg, Ba, La, Se, Nd, Pr, Y, Co, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sc, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Ru, and Pb. A process for forming a high loading uniformly distributed multiphase substantially nitrate free sintered positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell, the process comprising: (1) fabricating sintered electrode material by forming a slurry of nickel powder, water, carboxymethylcellulose binder, methyl cellulose binder, and a poly(ethylene oxide) polymer; spreading the slurry on a preoxidized perforated nickel substrate; drying the slurry; and sintering the slurry; (2) impregnating the sintered electrode material using multiple impregnation cycles to attain high loading, where each impregnation cycle comprises the steps of: placing the sintered electrode material on a rack; dipping the rack into nickel nitrate; allowing the rack to drip dry; dipping the dried rack into NaOH solution; spraying the rack in a first tank with deionized water overflowing from a second tank; dipping the rack in the second tank filled with deionized water overflowing from a third tank; dipping the rack in the third tank filling with deionized water at a rate of 8-10 gpm; drying the rack; and flipping the rack to attain uniform deposition of material; where in the median dip cycle and in the final dip cycle of the multiple impregnation cycles, the step of dipping the rack into nickel nitrate is replaced by a step of dipping the rack into cobalt nitrate to produce an enriched cobalt surface; and (3) forming the impregnated sinter into positive electrode material by presoaking the impregnated sinter in NaOH presoak tanks to substantially eliminate nitrates; brushing the presoaked impregnated sinter in a surface brushing station; charging the brushed impregnated sinter; discharging the charged impregnated sinter; rinsing the discharged impregnated sinter; and drying the rinsed impregnated sinter to complete the formation of positive electrode material.

    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells
    3.
    发明授权
    Compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide positive electrode for alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells 失效

    公开(公告)号：US5344728A

    公开(公告)日：1994-09-06

    申请号：US975031

    申请日：1992-11-12

    申请人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    发明人： Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Srinivasan Venkatesan ,  Arthur Holland

    IPC分类号： H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80 ,  H01M10/34 ,  H01M4/36 ,  H01M4/48 ,  H01M4/56

    CPC分类号： H01M10/345 ,  H01M4/26 ,  H01M4/28 ,  H01M4/32 ,  H01M4/52 ,  H01M4/80

    摘要： A positive electrode for use in alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cells comprising: a material comprising a compositionally and structurally disordered multiphase nickel hydroxide host matrix which includes at least one modifier chosen from the group consisting of F, Li, Na, K, Mg, Ba, Ln, Se, Nd, Pr, Y, Co, Zn, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sc, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Ru, and Pb. A process for forming a high loading uniformly distributed multiphase substantially nitrate free sintered positive electrode for use in an alkaline rechargeable electrochemical cell, the process comprising: (1) fabricating sintered electrode material by forming a slurry of nickel powder, water, carboxy methyl cellulose binder, methyl cellulose binder, and a poly(ethylene oxide) polymer; spreading the slurry on a preoxidized perforated nickel substrate; drying the slurry; and sintering the slurry; (2) impregnating the sintered electrode material using multiple impregnation cycles to attain high loading, where each impregnation cycle comprises the steps of: placing the sintered electrode material on a rack; dipping the rack into nickel nitrate; allowing the rack to drip dry; dipping the dried rack into NaOH solution; spraying the rack in a first tank with deionized water overflowing from a second tank; dipping the rack in the second tank filled with deionized water overflowing from a third tank; dipping the rack in the third tank filling with deionized water at a rate of 8-10 gpm; drying the rack; and flipping the rack to attain uniform deposition of material; where in the median dip cycle and in the final dip cycle of the multiple impregnation cycles, the step of dipping the rack into nickel nitrate is replaced by a step of dipping the rack into cobalt nitrate to produce an enriched cobalt surface; and (3) forming the impregnated sinter into positive electrode material by presoaking the impregnated sinter in NaOH presoak tanks to substantially eliminate nitrates; brushing the presoaked impregnated sinter in a surface brushing station; charging the brushed impregnated sinter; discharging the charged impregnated sinter; rinsing the discharged impregnated sinter; and drying the rinsed impregnated sinter to complete the formation of positive electrode material.

    Hydrogen storage alloys having a high porosity surface layer
    6.
    发明授权
    Hydrogen storage alloys having a high porosity surface layer 有权
    具有高孔隙率表面层的储氢合金

    公开(公告)号：US06830725B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-12-14

    申请号：US10405008

    申请日：2003-04-01

    申请人： Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Kwo Young ,  Benjamin Reichman ,  Taihei Ouchi ,  John Koch ,  William Mays

    发明人： Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky ,  Kwo Young ,  Benjamin Reichman ,  Taihei Ouchi ,  John Koch ,  William Mays

    IPC分类号： C22C3000

    CPC分类号： H01M4/383 ,  H01M10/345 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  Y10S420/90

    摘要： Electrochemical and thermal hydrogen storage alloy compositions that provide superior performance, including an electrochemical hydrogen storage alloy that provides superior low temperature discharge characteristics. The alloy compositions include microstructures in the interface region that are highly porous and that include catalytic metallic particles. The microstructures include a large volume fraction of voids having spherical or channel-like shapes and are sufficiently open structurally to facilitate greater mobility of reactive species within the microstructure and in the vicinity of catalytic metallic particles. Greater accessibility to reactive sites accordingly results. The greater mobility of reactive species and/or the greater density of catalytic particles lead to faster kinetics and improved performance (e.g. higher power), especially at low operating temperatures. The microstructures may be formed through inclusion of a microstructure tuning element in the alloy composition, through control of processing conditions and/or through inclusion of etching steps in the post-formation processing of hydrogen storage alloys.

    摘要翻译： 提供优异性能的电化学和热储氢合金组合物，包括提供优异的低温放电特性的电化学储氢合金。 合金组合物包括界面区域中的高度多孔的微结构，并且包括催化金属颗粒。 微结构包括具有球形或通道状形状的大体积分数的空隙，并且在结构上足够开放以促进反应性物质在微结构内和催化金属颗粒附近的更大迁移率。 因此可以更好地获得反应性网站。 活性物质的较大迁移率和/或更大密度的催化剂颗粒导致更快的动力学和改进的性能（例如更高的功率），特别是在低的操作温度下。 可以通过在合金组合物中包含微结构调谐元件，通过控制加工条件和/或通过在储氢合金的后形成处理中包括蚀刻步骤来形成微观结构。

    Hydrogen storage powder and process for preparing the same
    7.
    发明授权
    Hydrogen storage powder and process for preparing the same 有权
    储氢粉及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US06461766B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-10-08

    申请号：US09575313

    申请日：2000-05-19

    申请人： Kwo Young ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

    发明人： Kwo Young ,  Michael A. Fetcenko ,  Stanford R. Ovshinsky

    IPC分类号： H01M452

    CPC分类号： H01M4/242 ,  B22F1/0088 ,  B22F9/023 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  C01B3/0031 ,  C01B3/0084 ,  H01M4/04 ,  H01M4/383 ,  Y02E60/327 ,  Y02E60/328 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  C22C1/0491

    摘要： An anti-pyrophoric hydrogen storage material having an engineered surface oxide to enhance initial activation and a method for making the same. The method for making. the hydrogen storage material includes the steps of providing a hydrogen storage powder and oxidizing the powder with a controlled oxidation reaction. In a preferred aspect hereof, the method includes providing a bulk hydrogen storage alloy; hydriding the alloy to form a comminuted material; and oxidizing the surface of the comminuted material with a controlled oxidation reaction. In another preferred aspect hereof, a passivating material is added to the comminuted material prior to the step for oxidizing to enhance initial activation. In still another preferred aspect hereof, at least one sacrificial modifier is provided in the particalized material to enhance initial activation.

    摘要翻译： 具有工程化表面氧化物以增强初始活化的抗自燃氢存储材料及其制备方法。 制作方法。 储氢材料包括提供储氢粉末并用受控氧化反应氧化粉末的步骤。 在本发明的优选方案中，该方法包括提供块体储氢合金; 氢化合金以形成粉碎材料; 并用受控的氧化反应氧化粉碎材料的表面。 在本发明的另一优选方面，在氧化步骤以增强初始活化之前，将钝化材料加入粉碎材料中。 在本发明的另一优选方面，在部分化材料中提供至少一种牺牲改性剂以增强初始活化。