公开(公告)号：US10609405B2

公开(公告)日：2020-03-31

申请号：US15601755

申请日：2017-05-22

申请人： Stephane Coulombe ,  Didier Joset ,  Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Stephane Coulombe ,  Didier Joset ,  Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04N11/02 ,  H04N19/46 ,  H04N19/136 ,  H04N19/132 ,  H04L29/06 ,  H04N19/40 ,  H04N19/124

摘要： A method and apparatus for optimal signal encoding based on reference data relating encoded-signal characteristics to encoding parameters are disclosed. Reference vectors of encoding parameters and corresponding measurements of encoded-signal characteristics are used to establish a functional relationship between each characteristic and the encoding parameters. Candidate vectors of encoding parameters are identified based on user-defined boundaries of both the encoding parameters and acceptable encoded-signal characteristics. A figure of merit is determined for each candidate vector and the candidate vector of highest figure of merit is presented to an encoder.

公开(公告)号：US11616735B2

公开(公告)日：2023-03-28

申请号：US17555444

申请日：2021-12-18

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04B10/00 ,  H04L49/1546 ,  H04W72/0453 ,  H04L5/00

摘要： Access nodes of a large-scale network are arranged into a number of groups. The groups are arranged into a number of bands. Each distributor of a pool of distributors interconnects each access node of a selected group to at least one channel from each group of a selected band. A discipline of allocating the selected group and the selected band to a distributor ensures that each access node has: a number, approximately equal to half the number of groups, of parallel single-hop paths to each other access node of a same group; a number, approximately equal to half the number of bands, of parallel single-hop paths to each access node of a different group within a same band; and one single-hop path to each other access node of a different access band. To eliminate the need for cross connectors, geographically-spread distributors are arranged into geographically-spread constellations of collocated distributors.

公开(公告)号：US20230088539A1

公开(公告)日：2023-03-23

申请号：US17951087

申请日：2022-09-22

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04Q11/00

摘要： A passive signal transport medium, constructed as an array of spectral-temporal connectors, connects a large number of access nodes to a number of distributors to form a single-hop network of wide coverage and high throughput yet simplified control. Parameterized spectral-temporal connectors define network expansion over networks using conventional signal transport media. A network accommodating 32000 access nodes with a throughput of an Exabits/second is realizable. The distributors may be geographically distributed (the access nodes are naturally geographically distributed). The entire network structure is parameterized. Selecting the number of distributors to equal the number of access nodes, and pairing each access node with a respective distributor to form an integrated node, an expanded fully-meshed network is realized with each pair of integrated nodes having a direct path and numerous single-hop paths. Several routing schemes within the fully-meshed network are considered to enable both global control and distributed control.

公开(公告)号：US11356240B2

公开(公告)日：2022-06-07

申请号：US17308272

申请日：2021-05-05

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04B10/00 ,  H04L7/00 ,  H04J14/02

摘要： A method of time aligning signals transmitted from a plurality of access nodes to a distributor is disclosed. The signals are formed according to a cyclic structure of a predetermined number of segments, including content segments and control segments, each segment having two markers. A controller of the distributor allocates observation time slots for each access node corresponding to control segments. The controller detects, from a portion of a signal received from an access node during a respective observation time slot, a position of a particular marker and a segment index then determines a temporal displacement of the signal accordingly. If the temporal displacement exceeds a predefined value, a distributing mechanism of the distributor halts signal transfer from the access node to all other access nodes and instructs the access node to adjust transmission time according to the temporal displacement.

公开(公告)号：US11206467B2

公开(公告)日：2021-12-21

申请号：US17000336

申请日：2020-08-23

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04B10/00 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  H04J14/02

摘要： Constellations of distributors interconnect access nodes to form a vast contiguous network. The access nodes are generally geographically spread and the constellations are generally geographically spread, however the distributors within each constellation are collocated. The access nodes are arranged into access groups. The access nodes of each access group interconnect through selected constellations, with each access node having a wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) link to each of the selected constellations, to form a three-stage network. The three-stage networks corresponding to the access groups are mutually fused so that an access node of any three-stage network has multiple paths, each traversing one distributor, to each other access node of the same three-stage network and a path to each other access node of the entire network traversing one distributor. The distributors are preferable configured as fast optical switches. The network is structured to provide global coverage without the need for conventional cross-connectors.

公开(公告)号：US20200077166A1

公开(公告)日：2020-03-05

申请号：US16559704

申请日：2019-09-04

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04Q11/00 ,  H04J14/02

摘要： A vast contiguous network comprises a large number of three-stage networks, each constituent three-stage network interconnecting a group of access nodes to a group of distributors. The three-stage networks are mutually fused where each pair of three-stage networks shares a respective distributor so that each distributor of the entire network is common in exactly two three-stage networks. Consequently, each access node has multiple parallel paths, each traversing one distributor, to each access node of a same access group and a path traversing one distributor, in addition to numerous compound paths, to each access node of a different access group. Each access node of the contiguous network has a cyclic time-limited dedicated dual control path to each distributor of a respective distributor group as well as a dedicated end-to-end control path, configured as a reserved time-limited path or a contention-free path, to each other access node of the contiguous network.

公开(公告)号：US09647792B2

公开(公告)日：2017-05-09

申请号：US14741475

申请日：2015-06-17

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04J14/00 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/08 ,  H04Q11/00

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  H04J14/0238 ,  H04J14/0282 ,  H04J14/08 ,  H04Q11/0066 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0032 ,  H04Q2011/0033 ,  H04Q2011/0045 ,  H04Q2011/006 ,  H04Q2011/0094

摘要： A spectral-temporal connector interconnects a large number of nodes in a full-mesh structure. Each node connects to the spectral-temporal connector through a dual link. Signals occupying multiple spectral bands carried by a link from a node are de-multiplexed into separate spectral bands individually directed to different connector modules. Each connector module has a set temporal rotators and a set of spectral multiplexers. A temporal rotator cyclically distributes segments of each signal at each inlet of the rotator to each outlet of the rotator. Each spectral multiplexer combines signals occupying different spectral bands at outlets of the set of temporal rotators onto a respective output link. Several arrangements for time-aligning all the nodes to the connector modules are disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US09565487B2

公开(公告)日：2017-02-07

申请号：US14324152

申请日：2014-07-05

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  H04L12/931 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/933

CPC分类号： H04Q11/0005 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0282 ,  H04J14/0284 ,  H04L45/62 ,  H04L49/15 ,  H04L49/1523 ,  H04L49/357 ,  H04Q11/0062 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/0033 ,  H04Q2011/006 ,  H04Q2011/0086 ,  H04Q2011/009 ,  H04Q2011/0098

摘要： Multiple switch planes, each having meshed bufferless switch units, connect source nodes to sink nodes to form a communications network. Each directed pair of source and sink nodes has a first-order path traversing a single switch unit in a corresponding switch plane and multiple second-order paths each traversing two switch units in one of the remaining switch planes. To reduce processing effort and minimize requisite switching hardware, connectivity patterns of source nodes and sink nodes to the switch planes are selected so that each pair of source node and sink node connects only once to a common switch unit. Widely-varying flow rates may be allocated from each source node to the sink nodes. To handle frequent changes of flow-rate allocations, in order to follow variations of traffic distribution, a high-throughput scheduling system employing coordinated multiple scheduler units is provided in each switch plane.

摘要翻译： 具有网状无缓冲交换机单元的多个交换平面将源节点连接到汇聚节点以形成通信网络。 每个定向对的源和汇节点具有遍历相应开关平面中的单个开关单元的一阶路径以及每个遍历剩余开关平面之一中的两个开关单元的多个二阶路径。 为了减少处理努力并最小化必要的切换硬件，选择源节点和汇聚节点到交换平面的连接模式，使得每对源节点和汇聚节点只连接一次到公共交换单元。 可以从每个源节点到汇聚节点分配广泛变化的流速。 为了处理流量分配的频繁变化，为了遵循流量分布的变化，在每个交换平面中提供采用协调的多个调度器单元的高吞吐量调度系统。

公开(公告)号：US20160269279A1

公开(公告)日：2016-09-15

申请号：US15068664

申请日：2016-03-14

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/727 ,  H04L12/733

CPC分类号： H04L12/46 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/62 ,  H04L49/15

摘要： A network comprises ingress nodes, egress nodes, primary switches, and secondary switches where any pair of an ingress node and an egress node connects to orthogonal sets of primary switches and each secondary switch connects a respective set of primary switches to an orthogonal set of primary switches. Thus, each ingress node has a primary path and numerous compound paths to each egress node. The primary path traverses a respective primary switch, and each compound path traverses a first primary switch, a secondary switch, and a second primary switch. The disclosed connectivity pattern enables network scalability to accommodate hundreds of thousands of ingress-egress node pairs while permitting a significant proportion of incoming data to be routed through the primary switches avoiding the secondary switches.

摘要翻译： 网络包括入口节点，出口节点，主交换机和次交换机，其中任何一对入口节点和出口节点连接到主交换机的正交集合，并且每个次交换机将相应的一组主交换机连接到主要交换机的正交集合 开关。 因此，每个入口节点具有到每个出口节点的主要路径和许多复合路径。 主路径穿过相应的主交换机，每个复合路径遍历第一主交换机，辅交换机和第二主交换机。 所公开的连接模式使得网络可扩展性能够容纳成千上万的入口 - 出口节点对，同时允许大量输入数据通过主交换机路由，避免了次级交换机。

公开(公告)号：US20160134524A1

公开(公告)日：2016-05-12

申请号：US14935460

申请日：2015-11-09

申请人： Maged E. Beshai

发明人： Maged E. Beshai

IPC分类号： H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/709 ,  H04J3/06

CPC分类号： H04L45/44 ,  H04J3/0661 ,  H04J3/0682 ,  H04J14/0269 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/12

摘要： Multiple network controllers are interconnected in a full mesh structure, e.g., through a cyclical cross connector, to form a distributed control system for a network of a large number of nodes. A network controller acquires characterizing information of links emanating from a respective set of nodes, communicates the information to each other network controller, and determines a route set from each node of the respective set of nodes to each other node of the network. The network controller may determine, for each link included in the route set, identifiers of specific route sets which traverse the link. Accordingly, a state-change of any link in the network can be expeditiously communicated to network controllers to take corrective actions where necessary. A network controller may rank routes of a route set according to some criterion to facilitate selection of a favourable available route for a connection.

摘要翻译： 多个网络控制器以全网格结构互连，例如通过循环交叉连接器，以形成用于大量节点的网络的分布式控制系统。 网络控制器从相应的节点集合获取链接的特征信息，将信息传送给彼此的网络控制器，并且确定从网络的每个节点的每个节点到每个其他节点的路由集合。 对于包括在路由集合中的每个链路，网络控制器可以确定穿过链路的特定路由集的标识符。 因此，可以迅速地将网络中的任何链路的状态改变传递给网络控制器，以在必要时采取纠正措施。 网络控制器可以根据一些标准对路由集合的路由进行排序，以便于选择用于连接的有利的可用路由。