摘要:
The valve timing control system of the present invention comprises an actuator for changing an actual valve timing of an intake valve or an exhaust valve; an oil pressure adjusting unit for supplying operating oil to the actuator, and adjusting the oil pressure thereof; an actual valve timing control unit for controlling the actuator by controlling the oil pressure adjusting unit, so that the actual valve timing follows up a target value; and an oil temperature estimation unit for estimating the temperature of the operating oil, according to an operating state of the internal combustion engine from a previous operation, and according to its current operating state. Based on the estimated oil temperature, the actual valve timing control unit switches a control amount for controlling the oil pressure adjusting unit.
摘要:
A valve timing control system for accelerating activation of a catalytic converter in an internal combustion engine in a cold starting operation mode while enhancing control accuracy by learning a reference position of a cam angle. The system includes actuators (15; 16) coupled to cam shafts (15C; 16C), respectively, hydraulic pressure supply means (19; 20) for driving the actuators (15; 16), and a controller (21A) for controlling hydraulic pressure fed to the actuators (15; 16) in dependence on engine operation states to change phases of the cam shafts (15C; 16C) relative to a crank shaft (13C). The controller (21A) is so designed as to set a valve timing to a most advanced position or alternatively to a most retarded position in a cold-state idling operation mode for the purpose of learning a reference position.
摘要:
Valve timing control apparatus for internal combustion engine includes a cam phase actuator (1113) composed of a first rotor (1) rotatable with a crank, a second rotor (6) fixed on a cam shaft (7) for actuating an intake or exhaust valve, and a lock mechanism (15, 16, 17, 18) for locking the second rotor to the first rotor at a first angle, a pump (1118) for generating a hydraulic pressure, an ECU (1117) for determining a current value for releasing a locked state at the first angle for shifting to a second angle, and an oil control valve (1114) for regulating a cam phase of the second rotor. The ECU determines a locked state or an unlocked state of the lock mechanism to allow the second rotor to be released from being locked to the first rotor when the lock mechanism is in the locked state.
摘要:
Valve timing control apparatus for engine includes a cam phase actuator (1113) composed of a first rotor (1) rotatable with a crank shaft, a second rotor (6) mounted on a cam shaft (7) and a lock mechanism (15, 16, 18) for locking the second rotor to the first rotor, a pump (1118) for generating a hydraulic pressure, an ECU for computing a current value corresponding to a pressure for clearing a locked state at the first relative angle for shifting the first relative angle to a second angle, and an OCV (1114) for supplying a pressure for regulating a cam phase of the second rotor in dependence on the current value. The ECU computes a first current value for generating a first pressure for releasing the locked state. The first current value is supplied to the OCV for a predetermined time before shifting the first relative angle.
摘要:
A valve timing control apparatus for an engine. Presence/absence of a torque demand (xtq) is estimated upon starting of a lock pin release control to thereby alter a change rate (&bgr;) of a target phase angle in dependence on presence/absence of the torque demand (xtq). Unless torque demand is issued, the change rate is set to a small value (&bgr;2) for suppressing the change of the target phase angle (&thgr;t) after detection of release of the lock pin in order to avoid a shock unexpected by a driver. When the torque demand is issued, the change rate is set to a large value (&bgr;1) for allowing the target phase angle to approach speedily to a base target phase angle (&thgr;map) for thereby minimizing a delay in response involved in the phase angle detection through the lock pin release control.
摘要:
The image recording method and image recording apparatus synchronize phase of a light deflector with rotation of a drum in response to the drum start point detection signal generated each time the drum rotates once, expose the two-dimensional image of one frame formed by a group of light sources disposed two-dimensionally onto the recording medium while causing the image at rest on the recording medium relatively thereto, thereafter move the optical system in the auxiliary scanning direction by an integral multiple of a pixel pitch forming one frame as well as deflect an angle of the light deflector in the main scanning direction by one frame so as to expose the next frame and on for one rotation of the drum. When the position is dislocated in the auxiliary scanning direction at the time the recording medium is to be exposed in a subsequent one rotation of the drum, the method and apparatus correct the dislocation of the position in the auxiliary scanning direction by changing an auxiliary scanning movement speed in a non-exposure time zone between the previous and subsequent rotations of the drum.Accordingly, the method and apparatus can prevent the occurrence of streaked unevenness in the surface exposure and spiral exposure.
摘要:
A vehicle engine is coupled to a driving system that includes a torque converter and an automatic transmission. An ECU sets a target value of an opening degree of a throttle valve based on a depression degree of an acceleration pedal. The ECU changes the throttle opening degree at a predetermined gradual change speed such that the throttle opening degree reaches the set target value. The ECU limits the gradual change speed of the throttle opening degree for a predetermined period such that a changing speed of the engine speed is suppressed at a reverse time when a direction of torque transmitted between the driving system and the engine is reversed. As a result, shock produced when the direction of torque between the driving system and the engine is switched is suppressed.
摘要:
An aluminum or aluminum alloy member superior in liquid and gaseous corrosion resistance and plasma resistance, which has an anodized film formed thereon which is composed of a porous layer and a non-porous barrier layer whose structure is at least partly boehmite or pseudo-boehmite. Said anodized film is characterized by that the film dissolving rate measured by the test for immersion in a mixture of phosphoric acid and chromic acid (conforming to JIS H8683-2) is less than 120 mg/dm2/15 min, the ratio of area in which corrosion occurs after standing for 2 hours in an atmosphere of argon containing 5% chlorine (at 300° C.) is less than 15%, and the hardness (Hv) of the film is no lower than 420.
摘要:
When an internal combustion engine is run at a high speed revolution, a large increase in a processing time executed every predetermined crank angle position can be suppressed, and fluctuations or variations in response characteristics can be reduced, thus enabling better valve timing control. To this end, a control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a variable valve timing mechanism, an actual advance amount detector for detecting an actual valve timing position every predetermined crank angle position, a target advance amount setter for setting a target valve timing based upon a detection result of the operating condition detector, a controller for controlling the variable valve timing mechanism, an advance amount deviation calculator for calculating a deviation between the target advance amount and the actual advance amount every predetermined crank angle position, a differential value calculator for calculating, every predetermined time, a deviation between a current value of advance amount deviation and a preceding value thereof, and a control amount calculator for calculating a control amount used in the controller based upon both the advance amount deviation and the differential value.
摘要:
An electrophotographic printer including feature extraction means 12 for judging on the basis of pattern matching whether a reference area generated by area generating means 11 is an image which should be subjected to smoothing processing, and detecting the gradient of a contour portion of the image when the image is judged to be subjected to the smoothing processing, resolution enhancing means 13 for subdividing each pixel in the reference area generated by the area generating means 11 into small areas in accordance with the extraction result of the feature extraction means 12 to thereby perform resolution enhancing correction processing, density calculation means 15 for calculating the density of an overall selected area of the corrected pixels generated by the resolution-enhancing means 13 on the basis of the respective pixel values of the selected area, center-of-gravity calculation means 16 for calculating the center of gravity of an overall selected area of the corrected pixels generated by the resolution-enhancing means 13 on the basis of the respective pixel values of the selected area, and characteristic correction means 17 for correcting the density and the center of gravity calculated by the density calculation means 15 and the center-of-gravity calculation means 16 in accordance with preset input/output characteristic information of the engine.