摘要:
A magnetic recording medium comprising a substrate 1, an inorganic compound layer 2 which works as a shielding layer, a magnetic layer 3 and a protective layer 4 which are laminated on said substrate; wherein said inorganic compound layer 2 comprises column-like crystal particles 6 and amorphous grain boundary phases isolating said particles 6, wherein said magnetic layer 3 has magnetic particles 14 arranged regularly and epitaxially grows on said inorganic compound layer 2, and wherein the grain sizes and the standard grain size deviation of magnetic particles 14 of said magnetic layer 3 reflect those of said inorganic compound layer 2.
摘要:
The present invention is envisioned to provide a high-strength glass which is applicable to the objective of size and weight reduction. At a surface portion of the glass containing a rare earth element, a heterogeneous phase containing at least said rare earth element is formed.
摘要:
The present invention is envisioned to provide a high-strength glass which is applicable to the objective of size and weight reduction. A layer containing a rare earth element in a high concentration is formed at a glass portion close to a surface (superficial portion) which is shallow in depth from an outermost surface of the glass which contains a rare earth element.
摘要:
The present invention is envisioned to provide a high-strength glass which is applicable to the objective of size and weight reduction. At a surface portion of the glass containing a rare earth element, a heterogeneous phase containing at least said rare earth element is formed.
摘要:
The present invention is envisioned to provide a high-strength glass which is applicable to the objective of size and weight reduction. A compression stress layer is formed in a surface portion of an oxide-based glass containing at least one rare earth element selected from the group consisting of Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu and further containing at least Si element and an alkali metal element.
摘要:
The present invention is envisioned to provide a high-strength glass which is applicable to the objective of size and weight reduction. A layer containing a rare earth element in a high concentration is formed at a glass portion close to a surface (superficial portion) which is shallow in depth from an outermost surface of the glass which contains a rare earth element.
摘要:
A magnet, wherein a surface of each of magnetic particles constituting the magnet is covered by a film with two or more types of fluoride are main components, wherein the main components of the film are fluoride including an element selected from the group consisting of Mg, La, Ce, Pr and Nd and fluoride including an element selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr, Ba, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, or Lu.
摘要:
A superconducting thin film obtained by laminating a Cu-O atomic pair film and another oxide film while growing in one direction shows a higher superconducting critical temperature (Tc). By alternately laminating a thin film of A.sub.2 CuO.sub.4 and a thin film of L.sub.2 CuO.sub.4, wherein A and L are different rare earth elements, the Tc can be enhanced remarkably.
摘要:
In a ferromagnetic material containing at least one kind of rare-earth element, a layer containing at least one kind of alkaline earth element or rare-earth element and fluorine is formed at the grain boundary or near the powder surface of the ferromagnetic material. A further layer containing at least one kind of rare-earth element, having a fluorine concentration lower than that of the layer described first and having a rare-earth element concentration higher than that of the host phase of the ferromagnetic material, or an oxide layer containing a rare-earth element is formed in adjacent with a portion of the layer described first.
摘要:
In a welding apparatus having a plurality of electrodes and adapted for carrying out welding operation on a workpiece by alternately supplying currents to the individual electrodes through switching elements, an apparatus and method of controlling the currents supplied to the electrodes, comprising selecting the values of the currents supplied to the individual electrodes depending on the material of the workpiece, and carrying out the welding operation on the workpiece by alternately supplying the currents of the selected values to the individual electrodes respectively through the switching elements. The method is featured by the fact that the ratio between the individual currents is selected under the condition that the sum of the values of all the currents is maintained at a predetermined value. It is also featured by the fact that, depending on the welding condition, the values of the individual currents can be freely selected without the limitation of maintaining the sum of all the currents at the predetermined value. Therefore, the apparatus and method are applicable to welding of a variety of materials by selecting the values of the individual currents depending on whether the workpiece has a high or low melting point and also whether the workpiece has a high or low heat conductivity.