公开(公告)号：US4732118A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-22

申请号：US59603

申请日：1987-06-08

申请人： Toshio Tanahashi ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Michiaki Uzihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Ito ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii

发明人： Toshio Tanahashi ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Michiaki Uzihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Ito ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02B11/00 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B25/00 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B27/02 ,  F02B31/00 ,  F02B31/02 ,  F02B31/08 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/18 ,  F02F1/42 ,  F02M25/07

CPC分类号： F02D13/028 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B25/145 ,  F02B27/06 ,  F02B31/085 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02F1/4214 ,  F02M26/01 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2031/006 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/1824 ,  F02M2026/009 ,  F02M26/03 ,  Y02T10/146 ,  Y02T10/18

摘要： A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and two exhaust ports opened to a combustion chamber, to which compressed fresh air is introduced via an intake valve. The intake valve and two exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. One of the exhaust valves is opened earlier than the other exhaust valve and the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, such that a part of exhaust gas in the one exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in that condition. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back and the fresh air is slowly introduced onto the exhaust gas swirl in that condition.

摘要翻译： 双循环内燃机包括具有进气口的气缸盖和通向燃烧室开口的两个排气口，压缩空气通过进气阀被引入。 进气门和两个排气门响应于曲轴角度而操作。 当活塞的向下运动的速度相对较高时，其中一个排气门比另一个排气阀和进气阀更早地打开，使得一个排气口中的排气的一部分回流到燃烧室 那个条件。 当废气流回时，形成围绕气缸轴线旋转的废气涡旋，并且在该状态下，新鲜空气缓慢地引入废气涡流。

公开(公告)号：US4732117A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-22

申请号：US60611

申请日：1987-06-11

申请人： Toshio Tanahashi ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Michiaki Uzihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Ito ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii

发明人： Toshio Tanahashi ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Michiaki Uzihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Ito ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B31/00 ,  F02B31/08 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02F1/24 ,  F02F1/42 ,  F02M25/07

CPC分类号： F02D13/028 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B25/145 ,  F02B31/085 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02F1/4214 ,  F02M26/01 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2031/006 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02F2001/245 ,  F02M2026/009 ,  F02M26/03 ,  Y02T10/125 ,  Y02T10/146 ,  Y02T10/18

摘要： A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which compressed fresh air is introduced via an intake valve. An inclined concavity is formed on a top face of a piston. An exhaust valve is opened earlier than the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, so that a part of exhaust gas in the exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in that condition. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back and the fresh air is slowly introduced onto the exhaust gas swirl in that condition. The inclined concavity serves to smoothly guide the exhaust swirl.

摘要翻译： 一种双循环内燃机，其具有气缸盖，该缸盖具有向燃烧室开口的进气口和排气口，经过进气阀将压缩的新鲜空气引入。 在活塞的顶面上形成有倾斜的凹部。 当活塞向下运动的速度相对较高时，排气门比进气阀更早地打开，使得排气口中的一部分排气在该状态下回流到燃烧室。 当废气流回时，形成围绕气缸轴线旋转的废气涡旋，并且在该状态下，新鲜空气缓慢地引入废气涡流。 倾斜的凹部用于平滑地引导排气涡流。

公开(公告)号：US4781154A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-01

申请号：US056687

申请日：1987-06-02

申请人： Toshio Tanahashi ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Michiaki Ujihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Ito ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii

发明人： Toshio Tanahashi ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Michiaki Ujihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Ito ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02B11/00 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B25/26 ,  F02B27/00 ,  F02B27/02 ,  F02B29/02 ,  F02B31/02 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/18 ,  F02F1/24 ,  F02F1/42 ,  F02M25/07

CPC分类号： F02B75/02 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B25/145 ,  F02B27/006 ,  F02B27/0289 ,  F02B29/02 ,  F02F1/4214 ,  F02M26/01 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/1824 ,  F02F2001/245 ,  F02M26/03 ,  Y02T10/146

摘要： A two-cycle internal combustion engine having three, or a multiple of three, cylinders comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which fresh air compressed by a supercharger is introduced via an intake valve. The intake and exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. A one-way valve is provided in the intake port so as to prevent air or gas from flowing back toward the supercharger. The exhaust valve is opened earlier than the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, so that a part of exhaust gas in the exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in the condition. In a heavy load condtion, cross scavenging and air charging effects due to exhaust pulsation can be achieved.

摘要翻译： 具有三个或三个圆柱体的两循环内燃机包括具有通向燃烧室开口的进气口和排气口的气缸盖，通过进气阀将由增压器压缩的新鲜空气引入的内燃机。 进气门和排气门响应于曲柄角度而操作。 在进气口设有单向阀，以防止空气或气体向增压器流回。 当活塞向下运动的速度相对较高时，排气门比进气阀早，使得排气口中的一部分废气在该状态下回流到燃烧室。 在重负载条件下，可以实现由排气脉动引起的交叉扫气和空气充气效果。

公开(公告)号：US4732116A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-22

申请号：US61976

申请日：1987-06-15

申请人： Toshio Tanahashi ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Michiaki Ujihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Ito ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii

发明人： Toshio Tanahashi ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Michiaki Ujihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Ito ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii

IPC分类号： F02B17/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B11/00 ,  F02B23/08 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B25/20 ,  F02B27/02 ,  F02B31/00 ,  F02B31/02 ,  F02B31/08 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02B75/18 ,  F02F1/24 ,  F02F1/42 ,  F02M25/07

CPC分类号： F02D13/028 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B25/145 ,  F02B31/085 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02D41/3094 ,  F02F1/4214 ,  F02M26/01 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2031/006 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02B2075/1824 ,  F02F2001/245 ,  F02M2026/009 ,  F02M26/03 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/146 ,  Y02T10/18 ,  Y02T10/42

摘要： A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having two intake ports and an exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which compresses fresh air is introduced via two intake valves. The intake and exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. During an idling or light load running condition, an air control valve closes the second intake port. The exhaust valve is opened earlier than the second intake valve, and the first intake valve is opened later than the second intake valve, while the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back into the condition chamber and the fresh air is slowly introduced via the first intake valve onto the exhaust gas swirl in the idling or light load condition. A large amount of fuel is rapidly introduced into the combustion chamber via the second intake valve in a heavy load condition.

摘要翻译： 双循环内燃机包括具有两个进气口的气缸盖和通向燃烧室的排气口，通过两个进气门将新鲜空气压缩到该燃烧室。 进气门和排气门响应于曲柄角度而操作。 在空转或轻载运行状态期间，空气控制阀关闭第二进气口。 排气阀早于第二进气门打开，并且第一进气阀比第二进气阀更晚地打开，而活塞向下运动的速度相对较高。 当废气流回到状态室中时，形成围绕气缸轴线旋转的废气涡流，并且新鲜空气经由第一进气阀缓慢地引入到怠速或轻载状态下的排气涡流。 大量的燃料在重载条件下通过第二进气阀快速地引入燃烧室。

公开(公告)号：US4732124A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-22

申请号：US52418

申请日：1987-05-21

申请人： Norihiko Nakamura ,  Toshio Tanahashi ,  Michiaki Ujihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Itoh ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii ,  Toyokazu Baika

发明人： Norihiko Nakamura ,  Toshio Tanahashi ,  Michiaki Ujihashi ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toshio Itoh ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Kingo Horii ,  Toyokazu Baika

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B27/06 ,  F02B29/08 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/18 ,  F02F1/42 ,  F02B3/00

CPC分类号： F02B25/145 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B27/06 ,  F02B29/086 ,  F02F1/4214 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/1824 ,  Y02T10/146

摘要： A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which compressed fresh air is introduced via an intake valve. The intake and exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. A pulsation pressure of exhaust gas in the exhaust port is substantially restrained during an idling or light load running condition. The exhaust valve is opened earlier than the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, such that a part of exhaust gas in the exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in that condition. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back and the fresh air is slowly introduced onto the exhaust gas swirl in that condition.

摘要翻译： 一种双循环内燃机，其具有气缸盖，该缸盖具有向燃烧室开口的进气口和排气口，经过进气阀将压缩的新鲜空气引入。 进气门和排气门响应于曲柄角度而操作。 在怠速或轻载运行状态下，排气口中排气的脉动压力基本上受到限制。 当活塞向下运动的速度相对较高时，排气门比进气阀更早地打开，使得排气口中的一部分排气在该状态下回流到燃烧室。 当废气流回时，形成围绕气缸轴线旋转的废气涡旋，并且在该状态下，新鲜空气缓慢地引入废气涡流。

公开(公告)号：US4823755A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US137528

申请日：1987-12-23

申请人： Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Kingo Horii ,  Hideo Nagaosa ,  Toshio Tanahashi ,  Toshio Itoh

发明人： Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Kingo Horii ,  Hideo Nagaosa ,  Toshio Tanahashi ,  Toshio Itoh

IPC分类号： F02D41/04 ,  F02D41/24 ,  F02D41/26 ,  F02M51/00

CPC分类号： F02B25/145 ,  F02D41/04 ,  F02D41/2416 ,  F02D41/263

摘要： In a two stroke fuel injection type internal combustion engine provided with intake and exhaust valves, a basic amount of fuel to be injected is calculated in accordance with an engine load and engine speed. Values of a factor corresponding to a ratio of air captured by an engine cylinder for combustion to the total amount of air introduced into the engine are stored in a memory in accordance with combinations of an engine load and engine speed. A value of a captured air factor corresponding to a detected combination of an engine load and speed is calculated by a map interpolation. The basic amount is corrected by the captured air factor so that a desired air-fuel ratio is obtained. The captured air factor may be further corrected in accordance with a secondary engine condition, other than an engine load and speed, such as a cooling water temperature, intake air temperature, atmospheric air temperature, atmospheric air pressure, exhaust gas temperature, or intake pressure.

摘要翻译： 在具有进气门和排气门的二冲程燃料喷射式内燃机中，根据发动机负荷和发动机转速来计算要喷射的基本燃料量。 根据发动机负荷和发动机转速的组合，与燃烧用发动机气缸捕获的空气与引入发动机的总空气量的比例对应的值的值存储在存储器中。 通过映射内插计算与检测到的发动机负载和速度的组合相对应的捕获空气因子的值。 通过捕获的空气系数来校正基本量，从而获得所需的空燃比。 捕获的空气因子可以根据二次发动机状态进一步校正，除了发动机负载和速度，例如冷却水温度，进气温度，大气温度，大气压力，排气温度或进气压力 。

公开(公告)号：US4995347A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-26

申请号：US443314

申请日：1989-11-30

申请人： Takao Tate ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Michio Kawagoe ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Kichiro Kato ,  Yoshio Kido ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Hiroaki Nihei ,  Masahiko Masubuchi

发明人： Takao Tate ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Hiroshi Noguchi ,  Michio Kawagoe ,  Toyokazu Baika ,  Kichiro Kato ,  Yoshio Kido ,  Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Hiroaki Nihei ,  Masahiko Masubuchi

IPC分类号： F02B33/44 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02D31/00 ,  F02D41/00

CPC分类号： F02D31/005 ,  F02B33/446 ,  F02D41/0002 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02D2400/04 ,  Y02T10/42

摘要： A two stroke engine equipped with a mechanically driven supercharger in the intake passage downstream of throttle valve. A bypass air passage bypassing the supercharger is provided, and a bypass air control valve is arranged in the bypass air passage. When the engine is idling, the bypass air control valve is controlled so that the level of vacuum in the intake passage between the throttle valve and the supercharger is maintained at a constant value.

摘要翻译： 在节流阀下游的进气通道中配备有机械驱动增压器的二冲程发动机。 设置旁路增压器的旁通空气通路，旁通空气通路配置旁路空气控制阀。 当发动机怠速时，控制旁通空气控制阀，使得节流阀和增压器之间的进气通道中的真空度保持在恒定值。

公开(公告)号：US5063886A

公开(公告)日：1991-11-12

申请号：US575660

申请日：1990-08-31

申请人： Masanobu Kanamaru ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Toshio Tanahashi ,  Yoshio Kido ,  Toshio Ito ,  Katsuhiko Hirose

发明人： Masanobu Kanamaru ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Toshio Tanahashi ,  Yoshio Kido ,  Toshio Ito ,  Katsuhiko Hirose

IPC分类号： F02B1/04 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/12 ,  F02D41/00 ,  F02D41/34 ,  F02M51/06 ,  F02M69/04 ,  F02M69/10

CPC分类号： F02B33/38 ,  F02B25/145 ,  F02D41/0007 ,  F02D41/3094 ,  F02D41/34 ,  F02M51/0671 ,  F02M69/045 ,  F02M69/10 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/125 ,  F02D2041/389 ,  F02D2400/04 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/144 ,  Y02T10/44

摘要： A two-stroke engine having an intake valve and an exhaust valve arranged on an inner wall of the cylinder head, an intake passage connected to the cylinder via the intake valve, a fuel injection device arranged in the cylinder, for injecting fuel into the cylinder, a pressure regulator for regulating a fuel pressure supplied to the fuel injection device on the basis of a scavenging pressure in the intake passage, to thereby increase the fuel pressure in accordance with an increase of the scavenging pressure, and a control device for controlling the injection of fuel by the fuel injection device for a time ranging from a time at which the intake valve is opened to a time at which the scavenging pressure becomes equal to a pressure in the cylinder after the intake valve is closed.

摘要翻译： 一种二冲程发动机，其具有设置在气缸盖内壁上的进气门和排气门，经由进气门连接到气缸的进气通道，设置在气缸中的燃料喷射装置，用于将燃料喷入气缸 ，用于根据进气通道中的扫气压力调节供应到燃料喷射装置的燃料压力的压力调节器，从而根据清扫压力的增加来增加燃料压力;以及控制装置 通过燃料喷射装置从进气门打开的时间到吸气压力变得等于进气门关闭后的气缸中的压力的​​时间的燃料喷射。

公开(公告)号：US4821686A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-18

申请号：US155965

申请日：1988-02-16

申请人： Toyokazu Baika ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Hirosi Noguchi ,  Tosio Tanahasi ,  Katsuhiko Hirose

发明人： Toyokazu Baika ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Hirosi Noguchi ,  Tosio Tanahasi ,  Katsuhiko Hirose

IPC分类号： F02D41/02 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B25/14 ,  F02B25/20 ,  F02B31/00 ,  F02B31/02 ,  F02B31/08 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F02B75/18 ,  F02D41/00 ,  F02D41/30 ,  F02D41/36 ,  F02M25/07

CPC分类号： F02D41/0007 ,  F02B17/00 ,  F02B25/145 ,  F02B31/085 ,  F02D41/3023 ,  F02M26/01 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2031/006 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F02B2075/1824 ,  F02D2041/0015 ,  F02D2400/04 ,  F02M26/03 ,  Y02T10/144 ,  Y02T10/146

摘要： A two-stroke internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder head 14 having combustion chambers 18 with two intake valves 24 and two exhaust valves 26 arranged therein. Two intake manifolds 30 and 32, respectively, have branch pipes connected to each respective intake port 24. An intake control valve 48 l is arranged in one of the manifold 32, which closes at idling and under a low load of the engine. Further, a swirl S is generated about an axis of the combustion chamber 18 by a portion of exhaust gas caused to flow back from the exhaust ports 22 into the combustion chamber 18 after being once exhausted through the exhaust ports when the exhaust valves are opened, resulting in a two layered stratification in the combustion chamber between fresh air and remaining exhaust gas. A supply of fuel causees a further three layered stratification among a fuel mixture, fresh air, and burned gas, by supplying fuel at alternating cycles of the engine when the engine is under a low load.

公开(公告)号：US5848581A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-15

申请号：US460354

申请日：1995-06-02

申请人： Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Takao Tate ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Takeshi Sato ,  Kazuhiro Iwahashi ,  Shinji Kamoshita ,  Akihiro Yamanaka

发明人： Katsuhiko Hirose ,  Takao Tate ,  Norihiko Nakamura ,  Takeshi Sato ,  Kazuhiro Iwahashi ,  Shinji Kamoshita ,  Akihiro Yamanaka

IPC分类号： F02B3/06 ,  F02D35/00 ,  F02D41/00 ,  F02D41/40 ,  F02M37/04

CPC分类号： F02D41/008 ,  F02D35/0007 ,  F02D41/408 ,  F02B2275/14 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02D2041/0022 ,  F02D2200/0406 ,  F02D2200/0602 ,  F02D2200/0606 ,  F02D2200/063 ,  F02D2250/32 ,  F02D41/0047 ,  Y02T10/123 ,  Y02T10/44

摘要： A diesel engine has a fuel injection nozzle to which pressurized fuel is supplied from a pump. The nozzle has a pressure sensor detecting the fuel pressure and a lift sensor sensing a lift magnitude of a needle valve. An electronic control unit (ECU) computes a variation ratio of the fuel pressure value which is measured by the pressure sensor. The ECU computes a non-increasing point in an increasing part of variation ratio and judges the point to be a timing for starting the fuel injection of the nozzle. The EPU also computes the actual fuel injection amount in accordance with the fuel injection timing as well as the fuel pressure and the lift amount of the needle valve both at the various points. The EPU controls the actual injection amount to be identical to a target fuel injection amount.

摘要翻译： 柴油发动机具有燃料喷射喷嘴，从泵供给加压燃料。 喷嘴具有检测燃料压力的压力传感器和检测针阀升程幅度的升降传感器。 电子控制单元（ECU）计算由压力传感器测量的燃料压力值的变化率。 ECU以变化率的增加部分计算不增加点，并且将该点判断为用于开始喷嘴的燃料喷射的定时。 EPU还根据燃料喷射正时以及在各个点处的针阀的燃料压力和提升量来计算实际燃料喷射量。 EPU将实际喷射量控制为与目标燃料喷射量相同。