摘要:
Provided is a method for fabricating a semiconductor device. The method includes forming an interlayer insulating layer on a substrate, the interlayer insulating layer including a first trench; forming a high-k dielectric layer in the first trench; successively forming a diffusion layer and a blocking layer on the high-k dielectric layer; subsequently performing annealing; after the annealing, successively removing the blocking layer and the diffusion layer; forming a first barrier layer on the high-k dielectric layer; successively forming a work function adjustment layer and a gate conductor on the first barrier layer; and forming a capping layer on the gate conductor.
摘要:
Provided is a method for fabricating a semiconductor device. The method includes forming an interlayer insulating layer on a substrate, the interlayer insulating layer including a first trench; forming a high-k dielectric layer in the first trench; successively forming a diffusion layer and a blocking layer on the high-k dielectric layer; subsequently performing annealing; after the annealing, successively removing the blocking layer and the diffusion layer; forming a first barrier layer on the high-k dielectric layer; successively forming a work function adjustment layer and a gate conductor on the first barrier layer; and forming a capping layer on the gate conductor.
摘要:
Disclosed are a device and method for providing a checking question designed to allow a user to perform the checking study of correct answers or incorrect answers by using the choices of one or more incorrectly answered questions. The device includes: an incorrectly answered question selection unit which selects one or more questions incorrectly answered by a user from among questions provided to the user; a choice extraction unit which extracts correct answers as choices for the respective selected incorrectly answered questions; a checking question generation unit which generates one or more checking questions designed to allow the user to study the incorrectly answered questions by allocating the extracted choices so that the extracted choices become the choices of the checking questions; and a checking study provision unit which provides the study of the incorrectly answered questions by transmitting the generated checking questions to a user terminal.
摘要:
A semiconductor memory device and a self-refresh method of the semiconductor memory device. The semiconductor memory device includes: a memory cell array including one or more memory cells; a sense amplifier connected to a sensing line and a complementary sensing line and sensing/amplifying data stored in the one or more memory cells; and a sense amplifier control circuit sequentially supplying a first voltage and a second voltage having different levels to the sense amplifier through the sensing line during a refresh operation.
摘要:
A receiving apparatus and method of a Maximum Likelihood (ML) scheme in a Single-Carrier (SC) system are provided. The apparatus includes at least two antennas, at least two Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) demodulators, at least two subcarrier mappers, at least two OFDM modulators, and a detector. The antennas receive signals. The OFDM demodulators convert the signals into frequency domain signals. The subcarrier mappers confirm signals mapped to frequency domain subcarriers. The OFDM modulators convert the signals into time domain signals. The detector constructs at least one set for candidate transmission symbols and detects receive signals through ML detection using the set.
摘要:
A semiconductor device comprises a silicate interface layer and a high-k dielectric layer overlying the silicate interface layer. The high-k dielectric layer comprises metal alloy oxides.
摘要:
Provided are a receiver and a method for detecting a signal in a multiple antenna system. The receiver includes a filter coefficient calculator and a signal detector. After separating a first signal portion and a second signal portion, the filter coefficient calculator calculates an MMSE filter coefficient using a Matrix Inversion Lemma such that an inverse matrix of the first signal portion has a predetermined constant value regardless of a repetition signal detection process. The signal detector detects a relevant transmission signal from an interference-removed reception signal using the MMSE filter coefficient.
摘要:
Transistors that include multilayered dielectric films on a channel region are provided. The multilayered dielectric comprises a lower dielectric film that may have a thickness that is at least 50% the thickness of the multilayered dielectric film and that comprises a metal oxide, a metal silicate, an aluminate, or a mixture thereof, and an upper dielectric film on the lower dielectric film, the upper dielectric film comprising a Group III metal oxide, Group III metal nitride, Group XIII metal oxide or Group XIII metal nitride. A gate electrode is provided on the multilayered dielectric film.
摘要:
There is provided a composition for preventing and treating obesity including high water-soluble β-cyclodextrin derivatives as an effective component. Specifically, the composition including the high water-soluble β-cyclodextrin derivatives, especially, 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD, HPBCD) has effects on suppressing an increase in body weight induced by a high fat diet, suppressing appetite through decreasing an amount of dietary intake, decreasing body fat, decreasing liver weight, and significantly decreasing a sharp increase of blood sugar induced by intaking glucose and maltose on an empty stomach so that it can be useful for preventing and treating obesity, preventing and treating various diseases induced by obesity, and suppressing a sharp increase of blood sugar after dinner.
摘要:
A composite sealant of the present invention increases a fracture toughness of glass which has an excellent gas tightness but has a low fracture resistance, to enhance the thermal cycle stability while maintaining the gas tightness of a stack. For this, alpha-alumina fiber particles, alpha-alumina granular particles, and metallic particles are mixed and added to a glass matrix for remarkably increasing the fracture toughness from 0.5 MPa·m05 to 6 MPa·m°'5 through the multiple effects of crack deflection and crack bridging by the fiber and granular particles, and effects of crack arresting and plastic deformation by the metallic particles. When using the high fracture toughness composite sealant of the present invention, since the gas tightness and the stability of the stack can be maintained even when there is a thermal stress produced by a non-uniform temperature distribution or a thermal cycle condition in the stack, increasing the fracture toughness of the composite sealant works as the most important factor for enhancing the reliability of a large-area stack.