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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4639310A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-27
申请号：US761681
申请日：1985-08-02
申请人： Werner Dohler , Ludwig Merz , Heinz Frohnert , Bernd Uckermann , Ulrich Graeser , Alfons Jankowski , Eckard Wolowski , Hans-Friedrich Tamm , Norbert Wilczok
发明人： Werner Dohler , Ludwig Merz , Heinz Frohnert , Bernd Uckermann , Ulrich Graeser , Alfons Jankowski , Eckard Wolowski , Hans-Friedrich Tamm , Norbert Wilczok
摘要： A process for the production of reformer feed and heating or diesel oil from coal which comprises introducing a pulverized coal-oil slurry together with a hydrogenation gas into a liquid-phase hydrogenation stage; remoping solids-containing residue from the discharge from the liquid phase hydrogenation stage, cooling the resulting residue-free volatile coal-oil fraction from the discharge and, if necessary, removing a slurry oil fraction therefrom before feeding the volatile coal-oil fraction to a gas-phase hydrogenation stage; introducing fresh hydrogen which is substantially free of contaminants into the gas-phase hydrogenation stage together with the volatile coal-oil fraction, the fresh hydrogen introduced into the gas-phase hydrogenation stage constituting the entire amount of hydrogen required for the process; and utilizing the waste-gas from the gas-phase hydrogenation as the hydrogenation gas for the liquid-phase hydrogenation. By contrast with conventional processes, which during gas-phase hydrogenation requires operating partial pressures of 300 bars, the process of this invention makes possible the lowering of the operating pressures required during gas-phase hydrogenation to approx. 50-200 bars and also enables significantly reduced consumption of hydrogen.
摘要翻译： 一种从煤中生产重整器进料和加热或柴油的方法，包括将粉煤油浆料与氢化气体一起引入液相氢化阶段; 从液相氢化阶段的排放物中重新混合含固体的残留物，从排出物中冷却得到的无残留挥发性煤 - 油馏分，如有必要，将挥发性煤 - 油馏分进料至 气相氢化阶段; 引入基本上不含污染物的新鲜氢气与挥发性煤 - 油馏分一起引入气相氢化阶段，引入气相氢化阶段的新鲜氢气构成该方法所需的全部氢气量; 利用来自气相氢化的废气作为液相氢化氢化气体。 与在气相氢化期间需要操作300巴的分压的常规方法相比，本发明的方法使得将气相氢化期间所需的操作压力降低到约 50-200巴，还可显着降低氢气消耗。
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公开(公告)号：US4597851A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-01
申请号：US624105
申请日：1984-06-25
摘要： The invention provides a process for the utilization of waste water in a coal hydrogenation plant. The demand for processed water and the amount of water required in the hydrogenation of coal is reduced by the use of the resulting waste water from an atmospheric distiller and/or a vacuum distiller as quenching water in a cold precipitator stage of the coal hydrogenation process.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种在煤加氢装置中利用废水的方法。 在煤加氢过程的冷沉淀器阶段，通过使用来自大气蒸馏器和/或真空蒸馏器的所得废水作为淬火水，减少对加氢水的需求和所需的水量。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4555325A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-26
申请号：US626183
申请日：1984-06-29
申请人： Eckard Wolowski , Frank Mirtsch
发明人： Eckard Wolowski , Frank Mirtsch
摘要： The invention provides pressure protection for the interior casing of hydrogenation reactors by the use of a manifold interconnecting the annular chambers of the aforesaid reactors with the processed-gas vapor path whereby process-conditioned pressure changes generated during the reaction process are simultaneously balanced. As a result, the interior casings of the reactors which define the reaction vessel can be made of relatively thin material as compared to conventional reaction vessels.
摘要翻译： 本发明通过使用将上述反应器的环形室与加工气体蒸汽路径相互连接的歧管为氢化反应器的内部壳体提供压力保护，由此在反应过程中产生的工艺调节压力变化同时平衡。 结果，与常规反应容器相比，限定反应容器的反应器的内部壳体可以由相对薄的材料制成。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4675102A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US739141
申请日：1985-05-30
CPC分类号： C10G1/002
摘要： The invention provides an improvement to a process for producing a diesel fuel from a medium heavy oil obtained from coal. The invention increases the amount of medium oil which can be used to produce diesel fuel while keeping the total yield of oil from the coal about the same. Thus, the fraction of the medium oil recovered is greater without altering the total yield of oil from the coal, and now amounts to about 80 to 85 percent of the total oil yield. Accordingly, the amount of light oil derived in this process becomes correspondingly smaller. Thus, the total oil yield is increased by about 4 to 6 percent compared with previously obtained results.
摘要翻译： 本发明提供了从由煤获得的中等重质油生产柴油燃料的方法的改进。 本发明增加了可用于生产柴油的中油的量，同时保持了来自煤的总产油量。 因此，回收的中油的分数更大，而不改变来自煤的总收率，现在占总产油量的约80％至85％。 因此，在该方法中得到的轻油量相应地变小。 因此，与以前获得的结果相比，总油产量增加约4％至6％。
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5.发明授权Integrated gas-phase hydrogenation process using heat recovered from sump-phase hydrogenation for temperature regulation 失效综合气相加氢工艺，采用从油底壳加氢回收的热量进行温度调节
公开(公告)号：US4636300A
公开(公告)日：1987-01-13
申请号：US775920
申请日：1985-09-13
申请人： Eckard Wolowski , Frank Mirtsch
发明人： Eckard Wolowski , Frank Mirtsch
CPC分类号： C10G1/002
摘要： Process for sump-phase hydrogenation with integrated gas-phase hydrogenation relevant parameters being adjusted so that an economical heat recovery for the entire system is achieved, despite increasing incrustation of the mash heat exchanger and the increasing deactivation of the gas-phase catalyst. The process-relevant temperatures of the intermediate precipitator and of the gas-phase reactor are precisely adjusted by the use of head coolers which follow the sump-phase hydrogenator, and by head coolers which precede the intermediate precipitator. The procedure is such that the waste heat from the sump-phase products is partially recovered by using it to heat the raw materials constituting the gas phase and by feeding it back again to the mash heater.
摘要翻译： 调整集成气相氢化相关参数的槽相氢化方法，以便尽可能地实现对整个系统的经济热回收，尽管增加了二氧化硅热交换器的结垢和气相催化剂的失活。 中间沉淀器和气相反应器的工艺相关温度通过使用跟随贮槽相氢化器的头部冷却器以及在中间沉淀器之前的头部冷却器精确调节。 该方法是通过使用它来加热构成气相的原料并将其再次送回到糊状加热器来部分回收来自贮槽相产物的废热。
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6.发明授权Method and apparatus for multiphase coal hydrogenation reactors with exothermal heat of reaction having gas cooling in sump-phase reactors 失效多相煤加氢反应器的方法和装置，其具有在储池相反应器中具有气体冷却的反应放热
公开(公告)号：US4696735A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-29
申请号：US789799
申请日：1985-10-21
申请人： Eckard Wolowski , Frank Mirtsch , Herbert Dybus
发明人： Eckard Wolowski , Frank Mirtsch , Herbert Dybus
摘要： A practically isothermal temperature distribution of the reactor contents is obtained, especially for high temperature and pressurized hydrogenation reactors operating in the sump-phase by a hydrogenation gas passing over the outer region of the reaction chamber, so that the hydrogenation gas cools the reaction in the chamber. Additionally, the reaction heat which is extracted by the hydrogenation gas is used to heat the reaction components at a stage in the hydrogenation process. The major portion of the reaction heat is used to heat charges, preferably for the reactors, which charges contain no appreciable amounts of solid material. These charges, preferably comprising hydrogenation gas, preferably pass through a jacket space between the reaction chambers and the external portion of the reactors, which external portions preferably make contact with the atmosphere. Only comparatively small quantities of a cold gas, mixed into the reactors for the cooling thereof, are required to establish the desired isothermal temperature distribution.
摘要翻译： 获得反应器内容物的几乎等温的温度分布，特别是对于通过在反应室的外部区域上通过的氢化气体在油槽相中操作的高温和加压氢化反应器，使得氢化气体在 房间。 此外，由氢化气体提取的反应热用于在氢化过程的一个阶段加热反应组分。 反应热的主要部分用于加热电荷，优选用于反应器，该电荷不含可观量的固体材料。 这些电荷优选包括氢化气体，优选地通过反应室和反应器外部之间的护套空间，这些外部部分优选地与大气接触。 需要混合到反应器中用于冷却的相对少量的冷气体来建立所需的等温温度分布。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4126431A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-21
申请号：US745925
申请日：1976-11-29
申请人： Eckard Wolowski , Martin Hameier
发明人： Eckard Wolowski , Martin Hameier
CPC分类号： C10K1/04
摘要： An untreated crude gas is passed through a heat emitting portion of an indirect heat exchanger and thereby cooled, and then passed to a scrubber and further cooled to a separation temperature lower than the boiling points of impurities, whereby the impurities are condensed and removed, thus forming a treated crude gas. A compressor subjects the treated crude gas to impact condensation, thus removing residual impurities. The treated crude gas is then passed through a heat absorbing portion of the heat exchanger and heated by the untreated crude gas to a temperature approximating the initial untreated crude gas inlet temperature.
摘要翻译： 将未处理的粗气体通过间接热交换器的发热部分，由此冷却，然后通入洗涤器并进一步冷却至低于杂质沸点的分离温度，由此杂质被冷凝和除去，因此 形成经处理的粗气体。 压缩机使经处理的粗气体撞击冷凝，从而去除残留杂质。 然后将经处理的粗气体通过热交换器的吸热部分，并将其通过未处理的粗气体加热至接近初始未处理粗气体入口温度的温度。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4741822A
公开(公告)日：1988-05-03
申请号：US890369
申请日：1986-07-29
申请人： Eckard Wolowski , Rainer Loring , Frank Friedrich , Bernd Strobel
发明人： Eckard Wolowski , Rainer Loring , Frank Friedrich , Bernd Strobel
CPC分类号： C10G1/002
摘要： Procedure for hydrogenation of coal by means of liquid phase and fixed-bed catalyst hydrogenation whereby the head products of the high-temperature separator are led directly, and together with the entire high-pressure circuit gas, over a reactor with a rigidly installed catalyst; are separated from the exhaust products of this reactor by partial condensation of the cycle oil required for producing the coal paste and withdrawn from an intermediate separator; and are led again, together with the entire high-pressure circuit gas, over an additional reactor with a fixed-bed catalyst.
摘要翻译： 通过液相和固定床催化剂氢化使煤的氢化程序，高温分离器的头部产品直接被引导，并与整个高压回路气体一起在具有刚性安装的催化剂的反应器上; 通过部分冷凝生产煤浆所需的循环油并从中间分离器中取出，与该反应器的排气产物分离; 并且与整个高压回路气体一起再次通过具有固定床催化剂的另外的反应器引导。
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公开(公告)号：US4602992A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-29
申请号：US778759
申请日：1985-09-20
申请人： Josef Langhoff , Eckard Wolowski , Frank Mirtsch
发明人： Josef Langhoff , Eckard Wolowski , Frank Mirtsch
CPC分类号： C10G1/002
摘要： In accordance with the invention, during hydrogenation by means of sump phase hydrogenation followed by gas-phase hydrogenation, the high boiling fractions are separated from the lower boiling vapor fractions, after leaving the hot precipitation head, by partial condensation in an intermediate precipitator with the result that the gas-phase reactor has a better service life and optimum reaction conditions can be provided. The improved process results in an improved quality of solvent for the sump phase hydrogenation.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明，在通过水槽相氢化进行氢化反应之后进行气相氢化，在离开热沉淀头之后，将高沸点馏分与较低沸点的蒸气馏分分离，通过在中间沉淀器中部分冷凝， 导致气相反应器具有更好的使用寿命并且可以提供最佳的反应条件。 改进的方法导致油槽相氢化的溶剂质量得到改善。
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