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公开(公告)号：US4241710A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-30
申请号：US918180
申请日：1978-06-22
CPC分类号： F02D41/1482
摘要： A closed loop system for the control of the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The system includes an open loop air/fuel ratio controller that has a closed loop correction applied to its basic pulse width control signal. The closed loop correction is based upon the bi-level switching of an oxygen sensor detecting a substantially stoichiometric condition in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. Performing the correction is an integral controller which responds to the switching of the exhaust gas sensor to increase the air/fuel ratio for one level of the sensor and to decrease the air/fuel ratio for the other level. The limit cycle oscillation developed by the integral controller is modified by increasing the authority and gain rate of the controller as a function of the distance the system is away from a reference point so that it responds to transient conditions rapidly and smoothly. Another aspect of the invention provides for the authority modification to take place when the controller reaches a threshold and to employ minimum constant authority for quiescent conditions. Also, in response to a closed throttle or idle condition the quiescent authority level is reduced to a convenient idle level to prevent torque roll.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于控制内燃机的空燃比的闭环系统。 该系统包括开环空气/燃料比控制器，其对其基本脉冲宽度控制信号施加闭环校正。 闭环校正基于检测内燃机的废气中基本上化学计量条件的氧传感器的双电平切换。 执行校正是一体的控制器，其响应于废气传感器的切换以增加传感器的一个等级的空气/燃料比并且降低其他水平的空气/燃料比。 通过增加控制器的权限和增益率作为系统远离参考点的距离的函数来修改由积分控制器产生的极限循环振荡，使其快速平稳地响应瞬态条件。 本发明的另一方面提供了当控制器达到阈值并且为静态条件采用最小恒定权限时发生的权限修改。 此外，响应于闭合的节气门或空闲状态，静止权限级别被降低到方便的空闲水平以防止扭矩滚动。
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公开(公告)号：US4214307A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-22
申请号：US918307
申请日：1978-06-22
CPC分类号： F02D41/0065 , F02D41/04 , F02D41/12 , F02D41/266 , Y02T10/47
摘要： An electronic control unit for regulating the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The electronic control unit has an open loop calibration for regulating the air/fuel ratio that is corrected with a closed loop correction signal developed by an integral controller. The open loop calibration is a speed-density based schedule which is combined with corrections for special conditions to account for the operating parameters of the engine at any instant. Included in these special condition corrections are provisions for increasing the air/fuel ratio upon a deceleration sufficient enough to cause a rich air/fuel ratio breakthrough because of the EGR valve lag time. A deceleration detector senses decelerations in excess of this predetermined amount by measuring the rate of change of the pressure in the intake manifold of the engine. A fixed percentage increase in air/fuel ratio is switched into the open loop calibration when the deceleration exceeds the amount required for breakthrough. The feature is additionally inhibited at low engine speeds and when the EGR valve is not operational.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于调节内燃机的空燃比的电子控制单元。 电子控制单元具有开环校准，用于调节由积分控制器开发的闭环校正信号校正的空燃比。 开环校准是基于速度密度的调度，其与特殊条件的校正相结合，以在任何时刻考虑发动机的操作参数。 在这些特殊状况修正中包括用于增加足够大的空气/燃料比以使由于EGR阀滞后时间引起的空气/燃料比浓度变大的规定。 减速检测器通过测量发动机的进气歧管中的压力变化率来感测超过该预定量的减速。 当减速度超过突破所需的量时，空燃比的固定百分比增加被切换到开环校准。 在低发动机转速和EGR阀不工作时，该特征被另外禁止。
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公开(公告)号：US4212065A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-08
申请号：US917992
申请日：1978-06-22
CPC分类号： F02D41/30 , F02D41/266 , F02D2200/703 , F02D41/0065
摘要： An electronic control unit for regulating the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The electronic control unit has an open loop calibration for regulating the air/fuel ratio that is corrected with a closed loop correction signal developed by an integral controller. The open loop calibration is a speed-density based schedule which is combined with corrections for special conditions to account for the operating parameters of the engine at any instant. Included in these special condition corrections are provisions for an altitude compensation feature. The altitude compensation feature includes circuitry to modify the intake manifold pressure portion of the speed density schedule with two variables which depend on altitude. Power enrichment for the pressure schedule is provided as a function of altitude by lowering a power enrichment break point for increases in altitude and enrichment for all values of intake pressure is provided as a function of altitude to compensate for the internal EGR of the engine and to provide increased utilization for the closed loop controller.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于调节内燃机的空燃比的电子控制单元。 电子控制单元具有开环校准，用于调节由积分控制器开发的闭环校正信号校正的空燃比。 开环校准是基于速度密度的调度，其与特殊条件的校正相结合，以在任何时刻考虑发动机的操作参数。 在这些特殊状况更正中包括高空补偿功能的规定。 高度补偿功能包括用两个取决于高度的变量修改速度密度计划的进气歧管压力部分的电路。 通过降低功率增加中断点以增加高度和浓缩，提供压力计划的功率浓度作为高度的函数，所有的进气压力值都作为高度的函数提供，以补偿发动机的内部EGR，并且 为闭环控制器提供更高的利用率。
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公开(公告)号：US4193380A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-18
申请号：US918309
申请日：1978-06-22
CPC分类号： F02D41/005 , F02D41/06 , F02D41/068 , F02D41/266 , Y02T10/47
摘要： An electronic control unit for regulating the air/fuel ratio of an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The electronic control unit has an open loop calibration for regulating air/fuel ratio that is corrected with a closed loop correction signal developed by an integral controller. The open loop calibration is a speed-density based schedule which is combined with corrections for special conditions to account for the operating parameters of the engine at any instant. Included in these special condition corrections are provision for start and warm-up features. The start feature includes an enrichment pulse generator whose pulses have a duration dependent upon the engine operating temperature and speed which are inhibited while the engine is above a predetermined RPM. The warm-up feature includes a time and temperature dependent enrichment which is linearly multiplied by an engine load factor. The warm-up feature further includes a time dependent holding level or delay from which the enrichment factor value decays during warm up and a feature to defeat this holding level above a certain engine operating temperature.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于调节内燃机的空燃比的电子控制单元。 电子控制单元具有用于调节空气/燃料比的开环校准，其通过由积分控制器开发的闭环校正信号来校正。 开环校准是基于速度密度的调度，其与特殊条件的校正相结合，以在任何时刻考虑发动机的操作参数。 这些特殊情况修正中包含启动和预热功能的规定。 启动特征包括富集脉冲发生器，其脉冲具有取决于在发动机高于预定RPM的情况下被抑制的发动机工作温度和速度的持续时间。 预热功能包括时间和温度相关的富集，其线性乘以发动机负载因子。 预热功能还包括时间相关的保持水平或延迟，在此期间浓缩因子值在预热期间衰减，并且该特征使得该保持水平超过某一发动机工作温度。
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5.发明授权Generally circular spray pattern control with non-angled orifices in fuel injection metering disc and method 有权一般圆形喷雾模式控制与燃油喷射计量盘中的非角度孔和方法公开(公告)号：US06929197B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-16
申请号：US10253499
申请日：2002-09-25
CPC分类号： F02M61/1853 , F02M51/0664
摘要： Fuel metering components of a fuel injector that allow spray targeting and distribution of fuel to be configured using non-angled or straight orifice having an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the fuel metering components. Metering orifices are located about the longitudinal axis and defining a first virtual circle greater than a second virtual circle defined by a projection of the sealing surface onto the metering disc so that all of the metering orifices are disposed outside the second virtual or bolt circle within one quadrant of the circle. A channel is formed between the seat orifice and the metering disc that allows the fuel injector to generate an unified spray pattern along the longitudinal axis that forms a flow area with a plurality of uniform radii on a virtual plane transverse to the longitudinal axis. The fuel injector of the preferred embodiments is therefore insensitive to the angular orientation of the fuel injector or its metering components about a longitudinal axis without resorting to angled metering orifices and yet achieves a desired targeting, distribution and atomization of the fuel injector. A method of generating the flow area with a plurality of uniform radii is also provided.
摘要翻译： 燃料喷射器的燃料计量部件，其允许使用具有平行于燃料计量部件的纵向轴线的轴线的非角度或直角孔来配置燃料的喷射瞄准和分配。 计量孔围绕纵向轴线定位，并且限定出大于由密封表面到计量盘上的突起限定的第二虚拟圆的第一虚拟圆，使得所有计量孔都设置在第一虚拟圆圈内或第二虚拟圆周内 圆的象限。 在座孔和计量盘之间形成通道，其允许燃料喷射器沿着纵向轴线产生统一的喷雾图案，其在横向于纵向轴线的虚拟平面上形成具有多个均匀半径的流动区域。 因此，优选实施例的燃料喷射器对燃料喷射器或其计量部件围绕纵向轴线的角度定向不敏感，而不使用角度计量孔，并且还实现了燃料喷射器的期望的目标，分配和雾化。 还提供了一种产生具有多个均匀半径的流动区域的方法。
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6.发明授权Spray targeting to an arcuate sector with non-angled orifices in fuel injection metering disc and method 有权喷射定向到燃料喷射计量盘和方法中具有非角度孔的弧形扇区公开(公告)号：US06820826B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-23
申请号：US10253467
申请日：2002-09-25
IPC分类号： F02M5900
CPC分类号： F02M61/1853 , F02M51/0664
摘要： A subassembly of a fuel injector that allows spray targeting and distribution of fuel to be configured using non-angled or straight orifice having an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the subassembly. Metering orifices are located about the longitudinal axis and defining a first virtual circle greater than a second virtual circle defined by a projection of the sealing surface onto the metering disc so that all of the metering orifices are disposed outside the second virtual circle within one quadrant of the circle. A channel is formed between the seat orifice and the metering disc that allows the fuel injector to target fuel spray generally within an arcuate sector of at least 90 degrees about the longitudinal axis of the metering disc. A method of targeting is also provided.
摘要翻译： 燃料喷射器的子组件，其允许使用具有平行于子组件的纵向轴线的轴线的非角度或直孔来配置燃料的喷射瞄准和分配。 测量孔围绕纵向轴线定位，并且限定大于由密封表面投影到计量盘上的第二虚拟圆的第一虚拟圆，使得所有计量孔都位于第二虚拟圆的第一虚拟圆的一个象限内 这个圈子。 在座孔和计量盘之间形成通道，其允许燃料喷射器基本上围绕计量盘的纵向轴线至少90度的弧形扇区内瞄准燃料喷雾。 还提供了一种靶向方法。
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公开(公告)号：US06786423B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-07
申请号：US10097627
申请日：2002-06-03
IPC分类号： F02D106
CPC分类号： F02M61/1853
摘要： A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The fuel injector includes a housing, a valve seat, a metering orifice, and a needle. The housing has an inlet, an outlet, and a longitudinal axis extending therethrough. The valve seat is disposed proximate the outlet and includes a passage having a sealing surface and an orifice. The metering orifice is located at the outlet and has a plurality of metering openings extending therethrough. The needle is reciprocally located within the housing along the longitudinal axis between a first position wherein the needle is displaced from the valve seat, allowing fuel flow past the needle, and a second position wherein the needle is biased against the valve seat, precluding fuel flow past the needle. A generally annular channel is formed between the valve seat and the metering orifice. The channel tapers outwardly from a large height to a smaller height toward the orifice openings. A method of generating turbulence in a fuel flow through a fuel injector is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于内燃机的燃料喷射器。 燃料喷射器包括壳体，阀座，计量孔和针。 壳体具有入口，出口和延伸穿过其中的纵向轴线。 阀座靠近出口设置并且包括具有密封表面和孔的通道。 计量孔位于出口处，并且具有延伸穿过其中的多个计量开口。 所述针沿着所述纵向轴线在所述壳体内沿所述纵向轴线相互位于所述第一位置之间，其中所述针从所述阀座移位，允许燃料流过所述针，以及第二位置，其中所述针被偏压抵靠所述阀座，排除燃料流 过针 在阀座和计量孔之间形成大致环形的通道。 通道从大的高度朝向孔口开口向外逐渐变细。 还公开了一种通过燃料喷射器在燃料流中产生湍流的方法。
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公开(公告)号：US4571996A
公开(公告)日：1986-02-25
申请号：US639560
申请日：1984-08-10
CPC分类号： G01F1/698 , G01F1/684 , G01F1/6842 , G01F5/00
摘要： An air flow sensor (10) as may be used to measure input air to an internal combustion engine has an aerodynamically designed impact tube (16) for diverting bypass air to a pair of sensors (28, 30). Downstream from the impact tube (16) is a venturi section providing exhaust means for the bypass air. The exhaust path configuration for the bypass air shields the sensors (28, 30) from a reverse pressure wave which can result from an engine backfire. The impact tube (16) operates to integrate the air velocity over a full radius of the air flow body (14).
摘要翻译： 可用于测量内燃机的输入空气的空气流量传感器（10）具有用于将旁路空气转向一对传感器（28,30）的空气动力学设计的冲击管（16）。 冲击管（16）的下游是用于旁路空气的排气装置的文氏管部分。 用于旁路空气的排气路径构造将传感器（28,30）从可能由发动机反燃造成的反向压力波屏蔽。 冲击管（16）操作以将空气速度整合到空气流动体（14）的整个半径上。
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公开(公告)号：US07980485B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-19
申请号：US10807336
申请日：2004-03-24
IPC分类号： F02D1/06
CPC分类号： F02M61/1853
摘要： A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The fuel injector includes a housing, a valve seat, a metering orifice disc, and a needle. The housing has an inlet, an outlet, and a longitudinal axis extending therethrough. The valve seat is disposed proximate the outlet and includes a passage having a sealing surface and an orifice. The metering orifice disc is located at the outlet and has a plurality of metering openings extending therethrough. The needle is reciprocally located within the housing along the longitudinal axis between a first position wherein the needle is displaced from the valve seat, allowing fuel flow past the needle, and a second position wherein the needle is biased against the valve seat, precluding fuel flow past the needle. A generally annular channel is formed between the valve seat and the metering orifice disc. The channel tapers outwardly from a large height to a smaller height toward the orifice openings. A method of generating turbulence in a fuel flow through a fuel injector is also disclosed.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于内燃机的燃料喷射器。 燃料喷射器包括壳体，阀座，计量孔盘和针。 壳体具有入口，出口和延伸穿过其中的纵向轴线。 阀座靠近出口设置并且包括具有密封表面和孔的通道。 计量孔盘位于出口处，并且具有延伸穿过其中的多个计量开口。 所述针沿着所述纵向轴线在所述壳体内沿所述纵向轴线相互位于所述第一位置之间，其中所述针从所述阀座移位，允许燃料流过所述针，以及第二位置，其中所述针被偏压抵靠所述阀座，排除燃料流 过针 在阀座和计量孔盘之间形成大致环形的通道。 通道从大的高度朝向孔口开口向外逐渐变细。 还公开了一种通过燃料喷射器在燃料流中产生湍流的方法。
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10.发明授权Spray control with non-angled orifices in fuel injection metering disc and methods 有权燃油喷射计量盘中的非角度孔喷雾控制和方法公开(公告)号：US06966505B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-22
申请号：US10183392
申请日：2002-06-28
CPC分类号： F02M61/1826 , F02M51/0671 , F02M61/165 , F02M61/1806 , F02M61/1853
摘要： A fuel injector that allows spray targeting and distribution of fuel to be configured using non-angled or straight orifice having an axis parallel to a longitudinal axis of the subassembly. Metering orifices are located about the longitudinal axis and defining a first virtual circle greater than a second virtual circle defined by a projection of the sealing surface onto the metering disc so that all of the metering orifices are disposed outside the second virtual circle. The projection of the sealing surface converges at a virtual apex disposed within the metering disc. At least one channel extends between a first end and second end. The first end is disposed at a first radius from the longitudinal axis and spaced at a first distance from the metering disc. The second end is disposed at a second radius with respect to the longitudinal axis and spaced at a second distance from the metering disc such that a product of the first radius and the first distance is approximately equal to a product of the second radius and the second distance. Methods of controlling spray distribution and targeting are also provided.
摘要翻译： 一种燃料喷射器，其允许使用具有平行于子组件的纵向轴线的轴线的非角度或直线孔来配置燃料的喷射瞄准和分配。 计量孔围绕纵向轴线定位，并且限定出大于由密封表面在计量盘上的突起限定的第二虚拟圆的第一虚拟圆，使得所有计量孔都设置在第二虚拟圆的外侧。 密封表面的突起会聚在设置在计量盘内的虚拟顶点。 至少一个通道在第一端和第二端之间延伸。 第一端设置在距离纵向轴线的第一半径处并且与计量盘隔开第一距离。 第二端相对于纵向轴线设置在第二半径处，并且与计量盘隔开第二距离，使得第一半径和第一距离的乘积近似等于第二半径与第二半径的乘积 距离。 还提供了控制喷雾分布和靶向的方法。
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