摘要:
A polishing pad includes a polymer matrix and polyhedral oligomeric silsequioxane (“POSS”) molecules or soluble particles and a surfactant dispersed within the polymer matrix. A polishing pad can be formed by casting a liquid polymer on a conveyer belt having a casting surface with a set of projections and curing the liquid polymer on the conveyer belt such that a polymer matrix has a surface with a second set of projections complimentary to the first set of projections.
摘要:
An apparatus comprises a flexible membrane for use with a carrier head of a substrate chemical mechanical polishing apparatus. The membrane comprises an outer surface providing a substrate receiving surface, wherein the outer surface has a central portion and an edge portion surrounding the central portion, wherein the central portion has a first surface roughness and the edge portion has a second surface roughness, the first surface roughness being greater than the second surface roughness.
摘要:
In one aspect, a polishing pad includes a homogeneous unitary polishing layer having a polishing surface, an opposed bottom surface, a recess in the polishing surface extending partially but not entirely through the polishing layer, and a solid light-transmissive window is secured in the recess. In another aspect, a polishing pad includes a polishing layer having a polishing surface, and the polishing surface includes a first region having a first plurality of grooves with a first depth extending partially but not entirely through the polishing layer and a second region surrounded by the first region and having a second plurality of grooves with a second depth extending partially but not entirely through the polishing layer, the second depth greater than the first depth.
摘要:
In one aspect, a polishing pad includes a homogeneous unitary polishing layer having a polishing surface, an opposed bottom surface, a recess in the polishing surface extending partially but not entirely through the polishing layer, and a solid light-transmissive window is secured in the recess. In another aspect, a polishing pad includes a polishing layer having a polishing surface, and the polishing surface includes a first region having a first plurality of grooves with a first depth extending partially but not entirely through the polishing layer and a second region surrounded by the first region and having a second plurality of grooves with a second depth extending partially but not entirely through the polishing layer, the second depth greater than the first depth.
摘要:
A flexible membrane includes a horizontal central portion, a vertical portion coupled to the central portion, a thick rim portion coupled to the vertical portion, and an extension coupled to the thick rim portion. An outer surface of the horizontal central portion provides a mounting surface configured to receive a substrate. The thick rim portion has a thickness that is greater than a portion directly adjacent to the thick rim portion. The thick rim portion is between the extension and the vertical portion and a greatest dimension of the extension is less than the thickness of the thick rim portion.
摘要:
A flexible membrane includes a horizontal central portion, a vertical portion coupled to the central portion, a thick rim portion coupled to the vertical portion, and an extension coupled to the thick rim portion. An outer surface of the horizontal central portion provides a mounting surface configured to receive a substrate. The thick rim portion has a thickness that is greater than a portion directly adjacent to the thick rim portion. The thick rim portion is between the extension and the vertical portion and a greatest dimension of the extension is less than the thickness of the thick rim portion.
摘要:
An apparatus comprises a flexible membrane for use with a carrier head of a substrate chemical mechanical polishing apparatus. The membrane comprises an outer surface providing a substrate receiving surface, wherein the outer surface has a central portion and an edge portion surrounding the central portion, wherein the central portion has a first surface roughness and the edge portion has a second surface roughness, the first surface roughness being greater than the second surface roughness.
摘要:
A retaining ring includes a generally annular upper portion having a top surface configured to be connected to a base of a carrier head and a lower surface, and a plurality of substantially identical arcuate segments detachably secured to the upper portion to form an annular lower portion. Each of the arcuate segments has an upper surface that abuts the lower surface of the upper portion and a bottom surface for contacting a polishing pad during polishing.
摘要:
A system and method for culturing algae are presented. The system and method utilize a fog of growth medium that is delivered to an algal mat generator along with a stream of CO2 to promote growth of algal cells contained in the generator.
摘要:
A substrate processing apparatus has a process chamber with a substrate support, a gas supply to introduce a gas into the chamber, and a gas energizer to energize the gas in the processing of a substrate, thereby generating an effluent gas. A catalytic reactor has an effluent gas inlet to receive the effluent gas and an effluent gas outlet to exhaust treated effluent gas. A heater is adapted to heat the effluent gas in the catalytic reactor. The heated catalytic treatment of the effluent gas abates the hazardous gases in the effluent. An additive gas source and a prescrubber may also be used to further treat the effluent.