摘要:
A system for controlling an air/fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine, using an oxygen concentration sensor having a first chamber for introducing therein exhaust gas of the engine and a second chamber for introducing therein reference ambient air to detect oxygen content in the exhaust gas. In order to eliminate exhaust gas pulsation which could affect on detection accuracy, it is firstly determined if engine operation is in a transient state or in a normal state. Then the detected oxygen concentration value in the preceding cycle is added to the product obtained by multiplying the deviation between the values in the preceding and current cycles by a coefficient .alpha.. The coefficient is made different in the transient state and in the normal state. In the normal engine operation state, the coefficient .alpha. is determined from engine speed and load.
摘要:
A system for determining an oxygen concentration sensor deterioration caused when foreign particles has clogged at a slit for introducing exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine to block the same. Since it is found by the inventors that sensor output fluctuates greatly between its maximum and minimum values in a TDC interval as the clogging increases, the deviation between the maximum and minimum is first calculated. The calculated deviation is then compared with a reference value and if it exceeds the reference value, the sensor is presumed to deteriorate. The reference value is varied on engine speed, engine load, or an air/fuel ratio of the engine.
摘要:
A method of detecting deterioration of an exhaust gas ingredient concentration sensor for use in controlling an air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to an internal combustion engine having an exhaust system in which the sensor is arranged. The sensor has an output characteristic approximately proportional to concentration of a specific ingredient in exhaust gases emitted from the engine. The air-fuel ratio is feedback-controlled to a desired air-fuel ratio by calculating an amount of fuel supplied to the engine by the use of a desired air-fuel ratio coefficient indicative of the desired air-fuel ratio and set in dependence on operating conditions of the engine, and an air-fuel ratio correction coefficient set in dependence on a value of an output from the sensor and the desired air-fuel ratio coefficient. A plurality of average values of the air-fuel ratio correction coefficient are calculated, respectively, when the desired air-fuel ratio falls within a plurality of predetermined ranges. The average values thus calculated are compared with each other. A degree of deterioration of the sensor is determined from results of the comparison. Further, a method of feedback-controlling the air-fuel ratio in the above-mentioned manner, in which the value of the output from the sensor is corrected in response to the degree of deterioration thus determined.
摘要:
An air-fuel ratio control method for an internal combustion engine. An amount of fuel to be supplied to the engine is calculated in response to operating conditions of the engine and output from an exhaust gas ingredient concentration sensor, to thereby feedback-control the air-fuel ratio of a mixture supplied to the engine to a desired air-fuel ratio. The method comprises the steps of (1) calculating a fuel cooling correction value for compensating for a change in an actual air-fuel ratio caused by cooling effects of actually-injected fuel, according to at least one parameter which can determine the amount of fuel to be supplied to the engine, and (2) calculating the amount of fuel to be supplied to the engine by the use of the fuel cooling correction value.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a medicament for treating occlusive and/or ischemic vascular disorder comprising a carbostyril derivative and carnitine.
摘要:
A hypoglycemic effect enhancer for enhancing the activity of an α-glucosidase inhibitor, the enhancer comprising at least one kind of bacteria selected from the group consisting of bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, saccharifying bacteria, and butyric acid bacteria.
摘要:
Glasses of present invention includes a frame portion which includes an opening through which an image displayed on a displaying device is viewed with bilateral eyes, a temple portion configured to be capable of being opened and closed against the frame portion and which includes spring material capable of being inelastically deformed, a movable portion arranged at one of the temple portion and the frame portion and which contacts to the other of the temple portion and the frame portion when the temple portion is opened to the maximum while the contacting position is movable, and a contacting portion which is arranged at the other of the temple portion and the frame portion and which contacts to the movable portion when the temple portion is opened to the maximum and varies the maximum open amount of the temple portion corresponding to movement of the movable portion.
摘要:
Techniques are disclosed herein for merging EPG data associated with a variety of program sources. In one aspect, EPG data is accessed for different program sources and rules are selected that define how entries in the EPG data are to be merged. The rules may be selected based on whether the EPG data was collected in-band or out-of-band. In addition, the merging rules can be dependent on the program source, which allows the flexibility of applying different rules to different program sources. The EPG data from the different program sources is merged into a single EPG based on the selected rules.
摘要:
Based on detection of Treponema bacteria or Campylobacter bacteria present in a sample derived from the tonsil of a subject who has a positive result on at least one of a urinary protein test and a urinary occult blood test, or of a patient diagnosed with possible IgA nephropathy, presumed IgA nephropathy can be detected with a high accuracy, in a simple and quick manner without physical burden on subjects. Also, an IgA nephropathy patient for whom tonsillectomy is effective in therapy of IgA nephropathy can be selected with a high accuracy, in a simple and quick manner without physical burden on subjects.
摘要:
In a control device for an internal combustion engine provided with a NOx catalytic converter in an exhaust passage thereof, the progress of an undesired substance removal process is computed from the consumption of the reducing agent contained in the exhaust gas in the NOx catalytic converter. The undesired substance may include sulfur contents and NOx captured in the NOx catalytic converter. This computation may be based on the air fuel ratio of the exhaust gas upstream of the NOx catalytic converter and the estimated consumption of the reducing agent contained in the exhaust gas or on the difference between the air fuel ratios of the exhaust gas upstream and downstream of the NOx catalytic converter. In either case, the accuracy can be improved by taking into account the space velocity of the exhaust gas.