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    Method of producing hydrogen cyanide
    1.
    发明授权
    Method of producing hydrogen cyanide 失效
    生产氰化氢的方法

    公开(公告)号：US6096173A

    公开(公告)日：2000-08-01

    申请号：US206361

    申请日：1998-12-07

    申请人： Lukas Von Hippel ,  Andreas Gutsch ,  Roland Schaffer ,  Manfred Sauer ,  Rudolf Vanheertum

    发明人： Lukas Von Hippel ,  Andreas Gutsch ,  Roland Schaffer ,  Manfred Sauer ,  Rudolf Vanheertum

    IPC分类号： C01C3/02 ,  B01J19/08

    CPC分类号： C01C3/025

    摘要： A method of producing hydrogen cyanide by the gas-phase reaction of methane with ammonia at elevated temperature and an ammonia/methane ratio of 1.001 to 1.1. The conducting of the gaseous reaction mixture through a corona discharge causes the reaction to start at temperatures below 1000.degree. C. without the action of a catalyst. This results in considerable savings of the necessary investment expenses as well as of the running costs for energy.

    摘要翻译： 通过甲烷与氨在高温下的气相反应和氨/甲烷比为1.001〜1.1生产氰化氢的方法。 通过电晕放电导致气态反应混合物导致反应在低于1000℃的温度下开始，而不受催化剂的作用。 这样可以大大节省必要的投资费用以及能源的运行成本。

    Electric arc process for making hydrogen cyanide, acetylene and acrylonitrile
    6.
    发明授权
    Electric arc process for making hydrogen cyanide, acetylene and acrylonitrile 失效
    制备氢氰化物，乙烯和丙烯腈的电弧工艺

    公开(公告)号：US3674668A

    公开(公告)日：1972-07-04

    申请号：US3674668D

    申请日：1969-02-24

    申请人： PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO

    发明人： BJORNSON GEIR ,  FOX HOMER M

    IPC分类号： B01J19/08 ,  C01C3/02 ,  C07C2/76 ,  C07C4/02 ,  C07C5/42 ,  C07C5/50 ,  B01K1/00 ,  C22D7/08

    CPC分类号： C07C5/42 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B01J2219/0809 ,  B01J2219/0832 ,  B01J2219/0847 ,  B01J2219/0862 ,  B01J2219/0883 ,  C01C3/025 ,  C07C2/76 ,  C07C4/02 ,  C07C5/50 ,  C07C2523/06 ,  Y10S422/904 ,  C07C11/24 ,  C07C11/21

    摘要： A lower hydrocarbon having from one to eight carbon atoms is passed through an electric arc, heated therein above about 1,000* F., and immediately mixed with nitrogen or a nitrogencontaining compound, which mixture immediately reacts to form acetylene, hydrogen cyanide and other products, which products are quenched below about 1,000* F. If desired, the resulting products are further reacted to form acrylonitrile from the further reaction of the acetylene with the hydrogen cyanide present. By not passing the nitrogen-containing compound through the arc during the process, severe errosion of the electrodes is avoided. By passing only the lower hydrocarbon through the arc during the process, it is not necessary to employ any inert arc gas, which would increase the cost of operation and the difficulty of separation of products. Because of lower cost and availability, methane and ammonia are preferred as the two reactants. Nitrogen and other nitrogen-containing compounds are disclosed as suitable nitrogen sources to replace the ammonia. Apparatus features are the combination of a rotating arc heater with a fluidized bed arc effluent quench and feed preheater and, if desired, fluidized bed acrylonitrile from hydrogen and acetylene reactor followed, if desired, by a suitable series of fractionators.

    摘要翻译： 具有1至8个碳原子的低级烃通过电弧，在其上加热约1000°F，并立即与氮气或含氮化合物混合，该混合物立即反应形成乙炔，氰化氢等 产物，其在大约1000°F下淬火。如果需要，所得产物进一步反应以从乙炔与存在的氰化氢的进一步反应形成丙烯腈。 在该过程中，通过不通过含氮化合物通过电弧，避免了电极严重的侵蚀。 在该过程中，仅通过电弧通过低级碳氢化合物，不需要使用任何惰性电弧气体，这将增加操作成本和产品分离的困难。 由于成本和可用性较低，因此甲烷和氨作为两种反应物是优选的。 公开了氮和其它含氮化合物作为适当的氮源来代替氨。

    Processes for chemical conversion
    10.
    发明授权
    Processes for chemical conversion 失效
    化学转化方法

    公开(公告)号：US3791949A

    公开(公告)日：1974-02-12

    申请号：US3791949D

    申请日：1971-12-09

    申请人： WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP

    发明人： HIRAYAMA C ,  FEY M

    IPC分类号： B01J19/08 ,  C01B21/20 ,  C01C3/02 ,  C07C2/80 ,  C07B29/06 ,  C07C3/48

    CPC分类号： C01C3/025 ,  B01J19/088 ,  C01B21/203 ,  C07C2/80 ,  C07C11/24

    摘要： A PROCESS FOR CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF A PROCESS GAS INTO A DESIRED PRODUCT GAS CHARACTERIZED BY INTRODUCING A PROCESS GAS AT A VERY HIGH VELOCITY BETWEEN A PAIR OF LONGITUDINALLY SPACED ANNULAR ELECTRODES, ELONGATING AN ARC BETWEEN THE ELECTRODES AND INCREASING THE TURBULENCE WITHIN THE ELECTRODES FORMING AN ARC CHAMBER SO THAT THE RATE OF RECOMBINATION OF THE ATOMS, MOLECULES, AND FREE RADICALS OF THE DISASSOCIATED PROCESS GAS IS INCREASED BY CHEMICAL RECOMBINATION OCCURRING AT A HIGHER PERCENTAGE OF THE TOTAL GAS, THE ARC VOLTAGE EXCEEDS THE ELONGATED TO A LENGTH WHERE THE ARC VOTAGE EXCEEDS THE BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE BETWEEN THE ELECTRODES SO THAT THE GAP BETWEEN THE ELECTRODES BREAKS DOWN, THE ARC IS TRANSFERRED TO THE GAP, AND THE PROCESS OF GAP BREAKDOWN AND ARC ELONGATION IS REPEATED CYCLICALLY.