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公开(公告)号：US4381187A
公开(公告)日：1983-04-26
申请号：US325413
申请日：1981-11-27
Applicant: Richard A. Sederquist
Inventor： Richard A. Sederquist
CPC classification number: C10G11/22 , B01J19/26 , B01J35/04 , B01J2208/0007 , B01J2208/00309 , B01J2208/00327 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00548 , B01J2208/00557 , B01J2219/00119
Abstract: Gasifying liquid hydrocarbon fuels, and in particular liquid heavy hydrocarbon fuels, at high fuel-to-air equivalence ratios with no significant soot formation comprises the steps of mixing the fuel and heated air in a prevaporization and mixing zone to prevaporize only a portion of the liquid fuel using only the sensible heat in the air, passing the partially vaporized fuel-air mixture through a catalyst zone to catalytically combust at least some of the prevaporized portion of the fuel while simultaneously, without the use of an external heat source, vaporizing and gasifying as-yet unvaporized fuel using the additional heat generated by the catalytic combustion, wherein the length of the catalyst zone, the catalyst configuration, and the fuel flow rate have been preselected to obtain the desired amount of gasification and to sustain continuous gasification with no significant soot formation.
Abstract translation: 在没有显着的烟灰形成的情况下以高燃料 - 空气当量比气化液化烃燃料，特别是液体重烃燃料，包括以下步骤：将燃料和加热的空气混合在预蒸发和混合区中，以仅将一部分 液体燃料仅使用空气中的显热，使部分蒸发的燃料 - 空气混合物通过催化剂区域，同时催化地燃烧燃料的至少一部分的已经蒸发的部分，而不使用外部热源，汽化和 使用由催化燃烧产生的额外热量来气化尚未蒸发的燃料，其中催化剂区的长度，催化剂构型和燃料流速已经被预先选择以获得所需量的气化并维持连续气化 显着烟灰形成。
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公开(公告)号：US4089798A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-16
申请号：US705922
申请日：1976-07-16
Applicant: Hiroshi Sugiyama , Kuniki Yoshitake , Nobuhiko Sakata , Taizo Sugioka , Nobuhisa Mizuno
Inventor： Hiroshi Sugiyama , Kuniki Yoshitake , Nobuhiko Sakata , Taizo Sugioka , Nobuhisa Mizuno
CPC classification number: C01B3/38 , C01B3/40 , C01B2203/1052 , Y02P20/52
Abstract: Reducing gas of low CH.sub.4 content is produced by cracking a heavy hydrocarbon having a C/H atomic ratio of more than one at 800.degree.-950.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one metal selected from K, Ni, Co and Mo or at least oxide of said metal, associated with alumina or a silica-alumina composite.
Abstract translation: 在包含至少一种选自K，Ni，Co的金属的催化剂的存在下，在800-950℃下裂解C / H原子比大于1的重质烃，从而生成低CH 4含量的气体。 和Mo或所述金属的至少氧化物，与氧化铝或二氧化硅 - 氧化铝复合材料相关联。
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公开(公告)号：US3607154A
公开(公告)日：1971-09-21
申请号：US3607154D
申请日：1969-11-06
Applicant: WASHINGTON GAS LIGHT CO
Inventor： WHITE DONALD L , DONALDSON ERNEST B , MIDDLETON ARTHUR J
CPC classification number: C10G9/26 , C10G2400/26
Abstract: An apparatus and process for producing a combustible oil gas as a supplement to heating gas from a gas generator comprising a bed of curved elongated refractory bodies composed of silicon carbide material having a high thermal conductivity superimposed upon a layer of refractory grid tile capable of withstanding over 3,000* F., the bed being of a thickness of 0.05-0.5 times the diameter of the shell of the gas generator containing the refractory bed, each body having a curved surface with a diameter between 0.5 to 0.08 times the bed thickness and a length approximately 0.2 to 1.0 times the bed thickness, the bed being directly exposed to form the bottom of a combustion chamber within the gas machine so as to absorb thermal shock and to preserve the conventional refractory brick tile from fusing and spalling and restricting the flow of gas through the refractory bed as well as to maintain a rapid heating oil ignition to avoid explosions within the refractory bed.
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3567411A
公开(公告)日：1971-03-02
申请号：US3567411D
申请日：1968-08-26
Applicant: PULLMAN INC
Inventor： MCMAHON JOSEPH F
CPC classification number: B01J23/70 , B01J37/0201 , C01B3/40 , C01B2203/1052 , Y02P20/52
Abstract: A PROCESS FOR THE CONVERSION OF HYDROCARBONS WITH STEAM TO PRODUCE GASEOUS PRODUCT CONTAINING HYDROGEN AND METHANE, OR TOWN''S GAS, WHICH COMPRISES CONTACTING THE HYDROCARBON AND STEAM WITH A PARTICULAR CATALYST AT A TEMPERATURE BETWEEN ABOUT 600*F. AND ABOUT 1000* F. SUCH THAT THERE IS SUBSTANTIALLY NO DELETERIOUS CARBON
DEPOSITION ON THE CATALYST. THE CATALYST EMPLOYED CONTAINS ELEMENTAL NICKEL OR A COMPOUND OF NICKEL, AN OXIDIC REFRACTORY MATERIAL, AND AT LEAST 0.5 WEIGHT PERCENT OF AN ALKALI METAL COMPOUND, EXPRESSED AS ALKALI METAL.
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公开(公告)号：US3459520A
公开(公告)日：1969-08-05
申请号：US3459520D
申请日：1964-03-05
Applicant: GAS COUNCIL
Inventor： PERCIVAL GEORGE
CPC classification number: B01J23/78 , B01J8/0005 , B01J8/0207 , B01J8/0257 , B01J8/048 , B01J2208/021 , C10G2400/26
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公开(公告)号：US4000987A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-04
申请号：US564303
申请日：1975-04-02
Applicant: Akio Okagami , Kunihiko Uemoto , Kouichi Satoh
Inventor： Akio Okagami , Kunihiko Uemoto , Kouichi Satoh
CPC classification number: B01J23/8892 , B01J23/755 , B01J23/86 , B01J37/03
Abstract: A process of manufacturing a methane-containing gas, which comprises introducing a hydrocarbon feed material containing hydrocarbons having at least 2 carbon atoms per molecule and steam preheated to a temperature in the range of 250.degree.-600.degree. C into a steam reforming reactor (or reactors) packed with a nickel-containing catalyst comprising nickel and magnesia and further containing a copper-chromium mixture in the form of oxide or a copper-chromium-manganese mixture in the form of oxide and effecting steam reforming reaction of said hydrocarbons while maintaining the temperature of the catalyst bed of said reactor(s) in the range of 300.degree. to 600.degree. C.
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3990866A
公开(公告)日：1976-11-09
申请号：US521881
申请日：1974-11-07
Applicant: Franz Josef Broecker , Knut Kaempfer , Laslo Marosi , Matthias Schwarzmann , Bruno Triebskorn
Inventor： Franz Josef Broecker , Knut Kaempfer , Laslo Marosi , Matthias Schwarzmann , Bruno Triebskorn
IPC: B01J23/755 , C10G11/02 , C10G11/28
CPC classification number: B01J23/755
Abstract: The compound Ni.sub.5 MgAl.sub.2 (OH).sub.16.sup.. CO.sub.3.sup.. 4H.sub.2 O is precipitated from an aqueous solution containing salts of nickel, magnesium and aluminum with a carbonate or bicarbonate of an alkali metal. After this catalyst precursor has been dried, calcined and reduced with hydrogen a catalyst can be prepared which is suitable for the cracking of hydrocarbons in the presence of steam. In the steam cracking of hydrocarbons the hydrocarbon and the steam may be reacted to form a gas rich in methane in contact with this catalyst at a preheating temperature of less than 300.degree. C.
Abstract translation: 化合物Ni5MgAl2（OH）16.CO3·4H2O从含有镍，镁和铝的盐的水溶液中与碱金属的碳酸盐或碳酸氢盐沉淀。 在该催化剂前体已经干燥，煅烧并用氢还原之后，可以制备适合于在蒸汽存在下裂解烃的催化剂。 在烃的蒸汽裂化中，烃和蒸汽可在低于300℃的预热温度下反应形成富含甲烷的气体与该催化剂接触。
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公开(公告)号：US3975169A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-17
申请号：US533175
申请日：1974-12-16
Applicant: Colin William Gent
Inventor： Colin William Gent
CPC classification number: C10L3/08 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/384 , Y02P20/129
Abstract: Methane is produced by reacting a feed gas containing carbon oxides and hydrogen catalytically at an outlet temperature in the range 250-450.degree.C in heat exchange with boiling water generating steam at high pressure or in co-current heat exchange with coal feed gas, whereby heat is continuously removed from the process. By operating such a process in conjunction with a process of reacting hydrocarbons of higher molecular weight than methane with steam a natural gas substitute can be produced very economically.
Abstract translation: 甲烷是通过在250-450℃的出口温度下与含有碳氧化物和氢气的进料气体进行热交换，与在高压下与沸水产生蒸汽或与进料气进行热交换进行热交换， 热量从工艺中不断地消除。 通过与甲烷分子量大的烃与蒸汽反应的方法结合使用这种方法，可以非常经济地制备天然气替代物。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US3918930A
公开(公告)日：1975-11-11
申请号：US50100174
申请日：1974-08-27
Applicant: UNIVERSAL OIL PROD CO
Inventor： FORBES JAMES T , GANTT JAMES E
CPC classification number: B01J8/125 , B01J8/0403 , C10G2400/26
Abstract: A unitary, multiple-stage reaction system for countercurrently contacting a fluid reactant stream with catalyst particles movable through the system via gravity-flow. The reaction zones, or stages, are vertically stacked in a single chamber wherein catalyst particles flow from one annular-form bed to the next lower annular-form bed. A first portion of the hydrocarbonaceous charge stock flows downwardly into the lowermost reaction zone, laterally (outward to inward flow) through the annular-form catalyst bed into a center reactant conduit, is admixed with the second portion of the charge stock, flows upwardly through the reactant conduit into the next upper zone and laterally (inward to outward flow) through the annular-form catalyst bed. A preferred embodiment involves three reaction zones within the reaction chamber, with heat-exchange provisions between the middle and upper zones.
Abstract translation: 一种单一的多级反应系统，用于使流体反应物流与可通过重力流动通过系统移动的催化剂颗粒逆流接触。 反应区或阶段垂直地堆叠在单个室中，其中催化剂颗粒从一个环形床流到下一个下环形床。 含烃原料的第一部分向下流入最低反应区，通过环形催化剂床横向（向外流动）进入中心反应物管道，与电荷原料的第二部分混合，向上流过 反应物管道进入下一个上部区域并且横向（向内到向外流动）通过环形催化剂床。 优选的实施方案涉及反应室内的三个反应区，在中部和上部区之间具有热交换设备。
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公开(公告)号：US3748280A
公开(公告)日：1973-07-24
申请号：US3748280D
申请日：1971-10-28
Applicant: PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO
Inventor： BILLINGS W , NELSON W
Abstract: A physically durable catalyst composition having high and longlived catalytic activity comprising calcium aluminate and nickel promoted with a barium salt of an organic acid is provided. The catalyst is preferably prepared by impregnating the calcium aluminate support with a nickel salt, reducing the nickel saltimpregnated calcium aluminate and then adding the barium salt, followed by drying prior to use. The catalyst has utility in the steam reforming of hydrocarbons to produce gaseous products rich in methane, fungible with natural gas.
Abstract translation: 提供具有高和长寿命催化活性的物理耐久的催化剂组合物，其包含用有机酸的钡盐促进的铝酸钙和镍。 催化剂优选通过用镍盐浸渍铝酸钙载体来制备，还原镍盐浸渍的铝酸钙，然后加入钡盐，然后在使用前进行干燥。 该催化剂在碳氢化合物的蒸汽重整中具有实用价值，用于生产富含天然气的富含甲烷的气态产物。
