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公开(公告)号：US5739413A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US701965
申请日：1996-08-23
Applicant: Bruce R. Kohn , Donald W. Bilsbarrow , Pradeep R. Tripathi
Inventor： Bruce R. Kohn , Donald W. Bilsbarrow , Pradeep R. Tripathi
CPC classification number: G01M15/102
Abstract: The combination of ambient air, exhaust and premeasured calibration gases is used according to this invention in the analysis of either low or high pollutant concentration gases measured by a single range analyzer. By using ambient air as a diluent and employing its concentration values to generate the Reference Dilution Ratio, DR.sub.ref, iterative calculations are made to find the Raw Sample Concentration value, C.sub.raw. The gas diluting/mixing system includes pressure balanced infeed plumbing legs. Each of the legs feeds to respective flow restrictors and a common, downstream mixing "T" fitting. One leg is interconnected to the high concentration emission gas output from the sampling system and high concentration calibration gas. The other leg is interconnected to the diluent gas source, ambient air.
Abstract translation: 根据本发明，在分析单范围分析仪测量的低或高污染物浓度气体的情况下，使用环境空气，废气和预先测量的校准气体的组合。 通过使用环境空气作为稀释剂并使用其浓度值来产生参考稀释比，DRref，进行迭代计算以找到原始样品浓度值Craw。 气体稀释/混合系统包括压力平衡进料管道腿。 每个腿部供应到相应的限流器和一个共同的下游混合“T”配件。 一条腿与采样系统输出的高浓度排放气体和高浓度校准气体相互连接。 另一条腿与稀释气源（环境空气）互连。
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2.发明授权Sensor element for determining the oxygen content and a method of preparing the same 失效用于确定氧含量的传感器元件及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US4657736A
公开(公告)日：1987-04-14
申请号：US883430
申请日：1986-07-14
Applicant: Hermann Marsoner , Herbert Kroneis , Otto Wolfbeis
Inventor： Hermann Marsoner , Herbert Kroneis , Otto Wolfbeis
IPC: G01N21/76 , C08L83/04 , C09K11/02 , C09K11/06 , G01N21/64 , G01N21/78 , G01N31/00 , G01N31/22 , G01J3/30 , G01N21/26 , G01N21/48 , G01N33/16
CPC classification number: G01N21/643 , C09K11/02 , C09K11/025 , C09K11/06 , G01N21/648 , G01N2021/773 , G01N2021/7786 , G01N21/6428 , Y10T436/207497
Abstract: In an O.sub.2 sensor element which contains a fluorescent indicator substance, a polymerized silicone polymer is used as a carrier material in which the indicator substance is incorporated in solubilized form and in an at least approximately homogeneous distribution. Solubilization of the indicator substance may essentially be performed in analogy to Friedel-Crafts alkylation of aromatics, which will increase solubility of the indicator substance in the polymer carrier without affecting quenching behavior.
Abstract translation: 在含有荧光指示物质的O 2传感器元件中，使用聚合的硅氧烷聚合物作为载体材料，其中指示剂物质以溶解形式并入至少近似均匀的分布。 指示剂物质的溶解可以基本上类似于芳烃的Friedel-Crafts烷基化进行，这将增加指示剂物质在聚合物载体中的溶解度，而不影响猝灭行为。
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公开(公告)号：US4350442A
公开(公告)日：1982-09-21
申请号：US687950
申请日：1976-05-19
Applicant: Tor Arild , Russell R. Ames
Inventor： Tor Arild , Russell R. Ames
CPC classification number: B07C5/3425 , B07C2501/009 , Y10S209/908
Abstract: An optical scanner for light detection and color ratiometric measuring for use in apparatus to sort small particles such as seed and beans which are projected or propelled through the scanner at relatively high speeds to be scanned on all sides by a narrow light plane and viewed by a plurality of photoelectric devices. Several lamps are used in conjunction with cylindrical lenses to produce a substantially uniform collimated light plane perpendicular to the path of the particles. The lamps and lenses are interspersed with the photoelectric devices such that light reflected from the portion of the particle being scanned is detected by the photoelectric devices which are responsive to selected wavelengths and which responses are separately fed to an external electronic circuit for processing according to spectral responses such that said responses can be measured individually or compared with each other to determine certain color characteristics of the particle being scanned.
Abstract translation: 一种用于光检测和彩色比例测量的光学扫描器，用于设备中以分选通过扫描仪以较高速度投射或推进的小粒子（例如种子和豆）的小粒子，以通过窄光平面在所有侧面上扫描并由 多个光电器件。 几个灯与柱面透镜结合使用以产生垂直于颗粒路径的基本均匀的准直光平面。 灯和透镜散布有光电装置，使得从被扫描的颗粒的部分反射的光被响应于所选波长的光电装置检测到，并且响应被单独馈送到外部电子电路以根据光谱进行处理 响应使得可以单独测量所述响应或彼此比较以确定被扫描的颗粒的某些颜色特性。
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公开(公告)号：US4297579A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-27
申请号：US156505
申请日：1980-06-04
Applicant: Tilman P. Spaeth
Inventor： Tilman P. Spaeth
CPC classification number: G01J3/42 , G01N21/314
Abstract: In a bi-frequency infrared spectrometer having a filter wheel rotating in the path of rays, which filter wheel carries two semicircular filters transparent in different spectral ranges, the influence of the radiation from the filters themselves is eliminated in that the filter wheel has an opaque backplate on the side facing the light source, said backplate having one aperture in the area of each filter, which aperture passes through the path of rays. In this way the detector "sees", at first, only the filter with the radiation emanating from the filter itself, and is subsequently exposed to the measuring beam emanating from the light source and passing through the sample cell, when the aperture is being moved through the path of rays. A clamp circuit keeps the output signal zero until shortly before the aperture passes through the measuring beam. The detector signal is integrated by an integrator during a measuring time interval and a reference time interval. In order to eliminate the infuences of inertia and memory effects of the integrator, the detector signal is integrated with reversed sign during a certain time interval before each reference time interval and each measuring time interval. The logarithms of the output signals of the integrator are formed and are transferred to a memory after each reference time interval and each measuring time interval. The integrator is then reset to zero. The difference of the stored signals should then be a measure of the concentration of an element sought, the absorption band of which coincides with the transmission range of one of the filters. In order to get a linear relation between the output signal obtained and the concentration, even if there are deviations from Beer's Law or the measurement is affected by the radiation from instrument parts themselves or the different transmissivities of the filters, adjustable corrective voltages are applied to the integrator, and the signal is applied to the integrator through different resistances during the measuring time interval and during the reference time interval. A filter having a transfer function inverse to the transfer function of the detector is connected to receive the output of the detector.
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4210809A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-01
申请号：US021034
申请日：1979-03-16
Applicant: Milton H. Pelavin
Inventor： Milton H. Pelavin
CPC classification number: G01F1/7086 , G01F1/74 , G01N35/08
Abstract: New and improved method and apparatus for the non-invasive detection of the respective segments and segment interfaces, and the non-invasive determination of the respective segment volumes, of a continuous segmented fluid stream flowing in a transparent conduit are disclosed and comprise means to irradiate the conduit and the flowing fluid stream with radiation energy of spectral content predetermined in accordance with the radiation energy absorbance and refraction characteristics of the fluid segments and the fluid segment-conduit interface, means to detect the radiation energy which is transmitted through the segments and conduit and provide signals indicative thereof, and signal processing means operatively associated with the detecting means and operable to process said signals and perform the stated functions in accordance therewith.
Abstract translation: 公开了用于非侵入性地检测相应的段和段界面的新的和改进的方法和装置以及在透明导管中流动的连续分段的流体流的各个段体积的非侵入性确定，并且包括照射装置 具有根据流体段和流体段 - 管道界面的辐射能量吸收和折射特性预定的光谱含量的辐射能的导管和流动流体流，用于检测透过该段和导管的辐射能量 并提供指示信号的信号，以及可操作地与检测装置相关联的信号处理装置，并可操作以根据其处理所述信号并执行所述功能。
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公开(公告)号：US4206630A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-10
申请号：US19640
申请日：1979-03-12
Applicant: Howard A. Powers
Inventor： Howard A. Powers
CPC classification number: G01N21/534
Abstract: A sample chamber for a gas analyzer for use in a duct containing gases to be analyzed is disclosed and includes a flow directing apparatus formed by a pair of spaced members which form a passage therebetween in the form of a converging diverging throat and an outer housing at least partially surrounding the flow directing apparatus. This outer housing has at least a pair of apertures and is movable by a suitable apparatus between one position in which the outer housing apertures are generally aligned with the flow directing passage and another position in which the outer housing apertures are spaced from the passage with non-apertured portions of the outer housing positioned across the ends of that passage.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于气体分析器的样品室，用于包含待分析气体的管道，其包括由一对隔开的构件形成的流动引导装置，所述流动引导装置以会聚的发散喉部和外部壳体的形式在其间形成通道 最少部分地围绕流动引导装置。 该外壳具有至少一对孔，并且可通过合适的装置在一个位置之间移动，在该位置中，外壳孔与流动引导通道大致对准，另一位置中外壳孔与通道间隔开， 所述外壳体的穿过所述通道的端部定位的部分。
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公开(公告)号：US4205550A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-03
申请号：US19891
申请日：1979-03-12
Applicant: S. Keith Swanson
Inventor： S. Keith Swanson
CPC classification number: G01N21/534
Abstract: In a duct having a gas of predetermined density and viscosity flowing therethrough at a predetermined velocity, a sample chamber for a gas analyzer for use in such a duct is disclosed and includes an inner chamber having a passage therethrough and an outer chamber at least partially surrounding the inner chamber and having a pair of apertures, with the outer housing being movable by suitable apparatus between one position in which the outer housing apertures are generally aligned with the inner chamber passage and another position in which the outer housing apertures are spaced from the inner chamber passage, the outer housing and inner chamber being configured and dimensioned such that the Reynolds number for the flow of duct gases over the outer housing and inner chamber is sub-critical when the outer housing is in its other position with its apertures spaced from the inner chamber passage.
Abstract translation: 在具有预定密度和粘度的气体以预定速度流过的管道中，公开了一种用于这种管道中的用于气体分析器的样品室，并且包括具有至少部分环绕的通道的内室 所述内部腔室具有一对孔，其中所述外部壳体可由合适的装置移动，所述外部壳体在所述外部壳体孔通常与所述内部腔室通道对准的一个位置和所述外部壳体孔与所述内部腔室间隔开的另一位置之间 外部壳体和内部腔室被构造和尺寸设计成使得当外部壳体处于其另一位置时，其外部壳体和内部腔室中的管道气体的流动的雷诺数是次临界的，其中孔径与 内室通道。
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公开(公告)号：US4193004A
公开(公告)日：1980-03-11
申请号：US917850
申请日：1978-06-22
Applicant: Donn D. Lobdell , Stephen J. Herman , Robert L. Anderson , Thomas E. Goyne
Inventor： Donn D. Lobdell , Stephen J. Herman , Robert L. Anderson , Thomas E. Goyne
IPC: A61M1/36 , G01F23/292 , G01N21/26
CPC classification number: A61M1/3624 , A61M1/3627 , G01F23/2925 , A61M2205/3306 , A61M2205/3386
Abstract: Monitoring the level of both opaque and clear liquids in a reservoir without contacting the liquids by providing first and second reservoir wall portions that define a region through which a light beam is passed from a light source to a light sensor so that opaque liquid extinguishes the light beam and so that the wall portions cooperate with the clear liquid to refract the light beam away from the sensor. A monitoring line segment, defined as the portion of a hypothetically unrefracted and unreflected light beam between the first and second reservoir wall portions, is a small fraction of the largest interior linear dimension of the reservoir in a plane containing the monitoring line segment and a line normal to the first reservoir wall portion.
Abstract translation: 通过提供第一和第二储存器壁部分来监测储存器中的不透明液体和透明液体的水平面，该第一和第二储存器壁部分限定了光束从光源通过的区域到光传感器，使得不透明液体熄灭光 并且使得壁部分与透明液体配合以将光束折射离开传感器。 被定义为在第一和第二储存器壁部分之间的假想未折射和未反射光束的部分的监测线段是在包含监测线段和平面线的平面中储层的最大内部线性尺寸的一小部分 垂直于第一储存器壁部分。
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公开(公告)号：US4179623A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-18
申请号：US827494
申请日：1977-08-25
Applicant: William F. Jacobsen
Inventor： William F. Jacobsen
IPC: G01F23/292 , G01N21/26
CPC classification number: G01F23/2925
Abstract: A material or liquid level sensing system is disclosed having a first triggerable pulse generator connected to a level sensor which is in turn connected to a second triggerable pulse generator wherein the first triggerable pulse generator supplies a pulse to the level sensor which transmits the pulse to trigger the second pulse generator for supplying an output both to an output device and to the first triggerable pulse generator to trigger another pulse to the level sensor and so on. In this manner, the first pulse generator supplied a subsequent pulse to the level sensor depending on whether or not the second triggerable pulse generator has received the previous pulse from the first triggerable pulse generator. Thus, the system continuously supplies pulses to the level sensor as long as the second triggerable pulse generator continues to receive pulses, but these pulses are blocked when the material or liquid being sensed is at a predetermined level and the output means is appropriately activated.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种材料或液位感测系统，其具有连接到电平传感器的第一可触发脉冲发生器，该电平传感器又连接到第二可触发脉冲发生器，其中第一可触发脉冲发生器向传递脉冲触发的电平传感器提供脉冲 第二脉冲发生器，用于向输出装置和第一可触发脉冲发生器提供输出，以触发另一个脉冲到液位传感器等。 以这种方式，第一脉冲发生器根据第二可触发脉冲发生器是否已经从第一可触发脉冲发生器接收到先前的脉冲，向电平传感器提供后续脉冲。 因此，只要第二可触发脉冲发生器继续接收脉冲，系统就连续向液位传感器供应脉冲，但是当被感测的材料或液体处于预定水平并且输出装置被适当激活时，这些脉冲被阻挡。
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公开(公告)号：US4163969A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-07
申请号：US808055
申请日：1977-06-20
Applicant: Robert B. Enemark
Inventor： Robert B. Enemark
IPC: G01N21/53 , G08B17/10 , G08B17/103 , G08B17/107 , G01N21/26
CPC classification number: G08B17/107
Abstract: A scatter type of battery smoke detector includes a clock circuit applying energy pulses to an LED light source which directs light pulses on a smoke sensing path. Smoke entering the light path scatters pulsed light to a photodiode whose output voltage varies with smoke density and corresponding light pulse level. A threshold stage responds to photodiode voltage above a threshold level to generate a detection pulse. The detection pulses and clock pulses are applied to a control circuit including a dual data-type flip-flop logic circuit, and thence to a threshold circuit driving an alarm horn. If the smoke density and hence the detection pulse amplitude exceed a predetermined level, coincident application of the clock and detection pulses to the control circuit will cause the control circuit to respond by energizing the alarm continuously so long as the detection pulses recur at the clock frequency. If a spurious noise voltage should coincide with a clock pulse the control circuit will energize the alarm, but only for the brief inter-pulse interval. To reduce battery drain the inter-pulse is made relatively long by design of the normal clock circuit time constant. But, to reduce the time that a spurious alarm can sound, the clock circuit time constant is shortened substantially when the control circuit responds to coincident pulses.
Abstract translation: 散射型电池烟雾探测器包括将能量脉冲施加到LED光源的时钟电路，LED光源将光脉冲引导到烟雾感测路径上。 进入光路的烟雾将脉冲光散射到输出电压随着烟雾密度和对应的光脉冲电平而变化的光电二极管。 阈值级响应高于阈值电平的光电二极管电压以产生检测脉冲。 检测脉冲和时钟脉冲被施加到包括双数据型触发器逻辑电路的控制电路，然后施加到驱动报警喇叭的阈值电路。 如果烟浓度和因此检测脉冲幅度超过预定水平，则只要检测脉冲以时钟频率再现，时钟和检测脉冲的一致应用到控制电路将使控制电路响应，连续地通电报警 。 如果杂散噪声电压应与时钟脉冲重合，则控制电路将为报警通电，但仅对于短脉冲间隔。 为了减少电池消耗，通过设计正常的时钟电路时间常数使脉冲间相对较长。 但是，为了减少寄生报警器发出的时间，当控制电路响应一致的脉冲时，时钟电路的时间常数被大大缩短。
