公开(公告)号：WO2019088004A1

公开(公告)日：2019-05-09

申请号：PCT/JP2018/040039

申请日：2018-10-29

Applicant: 株式会社GCEインスティチュート

Inventor： 後藤　博史

IPC: H01L37/00 ,  B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01J45/00 ,  H02N3/00 ,  H02N11/00

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01J45/00 ,  H01L37/00 ,  H02N3/00 ,  H02N11/00

Abstract: 【課題】安定した特性を得られる熱電素子、発電装置、及び熱電素子の製造方法を提供する。 【解決手段】熱エネルギーを電気エネルギーに変換する熱電素子１であって、交互に接して積層された複数の変換部２３と、複数の配線２２とを有する第１積層セル部２０－１及び第２積層セル部２０－２を有する積層体２を備え、前記変換部２３は、第１電極層２３ａと、前記第１電極層２３ａとは異なる仕事関数を有する第２電極層２３ｂと、前記第１電極層２３ａと、前記第２電極層２３ｂとの間に接して設けられ、ナノ粒子を含む中間部２３ｃと、を有し、前記積層体２の積層方向Ｚから見て、前記第１積層セル部２０－１は、前記第２積層セル部２０－２と離間して配置され、前記積層体２は、前記第１積層セル部２０－１及び前記第２積層セル部２０－２の有する前記複数の変換部２３を電気的に接続する上層配線２４を有することを特徴とする。

公开(公告)号：WO2014030179A1

公开(公告)日：2014-02-27

申请号：PCT/IT2013/000227

申请日：2013-08-13

Applicant: CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE

Inventor： ADRIANI, Massimo

IPC: H01J45/00

CPC classification number: H01J45/00

Abstract: Thermionic converter with a linear arrangement of the components, suitable for the direct conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and the combined generation of heat and energy, comprising: an elongated vacuum tube (3) which houses a cathode (24; 25; 26; 27; 28) and at least one anode (6), the cathode (24; 25; 26; 27; 28) and said at least one anode (6) being arranged longitudinally alongside each other along the tube (3), wherein the cathode is suspended centrally inside the tube (3) at at least one end (25L) which forms a corresponding current output of the cathode (24; 25; 26; 27; 28), characterized in that the cathode is a cathode in the form of a spiral.

Abstract translation: 具有线性排列组件的热电转换器，适用于将太阳能直接转换成电能和热和能量的组合产生，包括：一个细长的真空管（3），其容纳阴极（24; 25; 26; 27; 28）和至少一个阳极（6），所述阴极（24; 25; 26; 27; 28）和所述至少一个阳极（6）沿着管（3）沿着彼此纵向布置，其中 阴极在形成阴极（24; 25; 26; 27; 28）的相应电流输出的至少一端（25L）处于管（3）内的中心悬置，其特征在于阴极是呈阴极 一个螺旋。

公开(公告)号：WO2013054156A1

公开(公告)日：2013-04-18

申请号：PCT/IB2011/054511

申请日：2011-10-12

Applicant: L. FERREIRA JR., Moacir

Inventor： L. FERREIRA JR., Moacir

IPC: H01J45/00

CPC classification number: H01J45/00

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting thermal energy electrodynamically into electrical energy comprising a multiphase electrical system with multidirectional energy flow, and electromagnetic transducers for producing two opposing helically moving forces for radially compressing an electrically charged gas, forcing it to expand longitudinally, electromotively transferring its energy to the multiphase electrical system to be effectively harvested by semiconductors. The transducers can be comprised either by concentric helix-coils, by inline stators or by electrodes axially and radially out-of-phase with each other. Originated from radial and axial moving electromagnetic fields, the opposing twisting forces, forming electrodynamic vortices, can withstand higher temperatures, which allow greater efficiencies. For improving even more the conversion efficiency, it further comprises multistage ion collectors to harvest much of remaining residual heat into electricity. Such device can provide highly efficient levels of conversion from any source of thermal energy, including coal, petroleum, burned gases, geothermal, biomass, solar, and nuclear.

Abstract translation: 一种用于将热能电动转换为电能的方法和装置，其包括具有多向能量流的多相电气系统，以及用于产生用于径向压缩带电气体的两个相对的螺旋移动力的电磁换能器，迫使其纵向膨胀，电动传递其能量 到多相电气系统有效地被半导体收获。 换能器可以由同心螺旋线圈，线性定子或者彼此轴向和径向异相的电极组成。 起源于径向和轴向运动的电磁场，相反的扭转力，形成电动涡旋，可以承受更高的温度，从而提高效率。 为了进一步提高转换效率，它还包括多级离子收集器，以将剩余的剩余热量收集到电中。 这种装置可以从任何热能源（包括煤，石油，燃烧气体，地热，生物质能，太阳能和核能）提供高效率的转换。

公开(公告)号：WO2012114366A1

公开(公告)日：2012-08-30

申请号：PCT/IT2012/000056

申请日：2012-02-24

Applicant: ADRIANI, Massimo

Inventor： ADRIANI, Massimo

IPC: H01J45/00 ,  F24J2/05 ,  F24J2/07

CPC classification number: H01L31/0406 ,  F24S10/45 ,  H01J45/00

Abstract: Thermionic solar converter with a linear arrangement of the components, suitable for the direct conversion of solar energy into electrical energy and the combined generation of heat and energy, in the form of an elongated transparent vacuum tube comprising: a cathode (5) and at least one anode (6), said cathode and anode being arranged longitudinally alongside each other along the tube: grid electrodes (10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16) for generating electric fields; means (18) for directly cooling the at least one anode; means (7) for electrically connecting the electrodes from the inside to the outside; an optical access window (4) along the surface area of the tube; wherein: the cathode is made of conductive refractory material, is suspended centrally inside the tube with an elongated form and forms the element for capturing the solar energy, on which the sunlight is directly focused in order to perform the thermionic conversion, without any intermediate heat transfer means; the electrical connection means form a longer path and have a form which is able to compensate for the heat expansion; the cathode and the at least one anode have a relative arrangement with a view factor of between 0.001 and 0.5, more preferably between 0.001 and 0.3, more preferably between 0.001 and 0.1, more preferably between 0.001 and 0.05, even more preferably between 0.001 and 0.03; said converter comprising further a radiation shield (9) which is positioned along the inner surface of the tube.

Abstract translation: 具有线性排列的组件的热电子太阳能转换器，适用于将太阳能直接转换为电能，并以细长的透明真空管的形式组合产生热能和能量，其包括：阴极（5）和至少 一个阳极（6），所述阴极和阳极沿着管彼此纵向排列：用于产生电场的栅电极（10,11,13,14,15,16）; 用于直接冷却所述至少一个阳极的装置（18）; 用于将电极从内部电连接到外部的装置（7）; 沿所述管的表面区域的光学接近窗口（4）; 其中：阴极由导电耐火材料制成，以细长的形式悬挂在管内中央，并形成用于捕获太阳能的元件，阳光直接聚焦在其上以进行热离子转换，而没有任何中间热 转让手段 电连接装置形成较长的路径并且具有能够补偿热膨胀的形式; 阴极和至少一个阳极具有相对排列，视图系数为0.001至0.5，更优选为0.001至0.3，更优选为0.001至0.1，更优选为0.001至0.05，甚至更优选为0.001至0.03 ; 所述转换器还包括沿着管的内表面定位的辐射屏蔽（9）。

公开(公告)号：WO2011024173A2

公开(公告)日：2011-03-03

申请号：PCT/IL2010/000704

申请日：2010-08-26

Applicant: LANDA LABORATORIES LTD. ,  LANDA, Benzion ,  YAYON, Yosef ,  ABRAMOVICH, Sagi ,  OFIR, Asher ,  RUBIN BEN-HAIM, Nir ,  LION, Amir

Inventor： LANDA, Benzion ,  YAYON, Yosef ,  ABRAMOVICH, Sagi ,  OFIR, Asher ,  RUBIN BEN-HAIM, Nir ,  LION, Amir

IPC: H02N3/00 ,  H02N11/00 ,  H01J45/00

CPC classification number: H02N3/00 ,  B05D1/005 ,  B05D1/02 ,  B05D1/40 ,  B28B3/02 ,  B28B11/24 ,  C23C14/34 ,  C25D7/00 ,  C25D13/12 ,  H01J45/00 ,  H02N11/002 ,  Y10T428/249921

Abstract: Particulated structures and their method of manufacture for use in an electrical generator employing gas-mediated charge transfer are disclosed. The structures comprise a multiplicity of particles which contain voids between first and second opposing surfaces of said particles. At least a portion of said opposing surfaces are modified such that the charge transferability of said first opposing surfaces differs from the charge transferability of said second opposing surfaces.

Abstract translation: 公开了使用气体介导的电荷转移的发电机中使用的颗粒状结构及其制造方法。 结构包括多个颗粒，其在所述颗粒的第一和第二相对表面之间包含空隙。 所述相对表面的至少一部分被修改为使得所述第一相对表面的电荷转移能力与所述第二相对表面的电荷转移能力不同。

公开(公告)号：WO2009135485A9

公开(公告)日：2009-12-30

申请号：PCT/DE2009000657

申请日：2009-05-08

Applicant: WOLF DANIEL

Inventor： WOLF DANIEL

IPC: H01J45/00

CPC classification number: H01J45/00

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for converting thermal energy into electric energy. An electrochemical concentration cell is operated at a high temperature while supplying heat. Using a mechanical compressor, hydrogen or oxygen is compressed at a low temperature and subsequently supplied to the concentration cell by way of a heat exchanger. The partial pressure difference present produces a flow of ions, which generates an electrical current that can be tapped at the electrodes. The mechanical compressor is operated with a portion of the electric energy. The benefits of fuel cells and Stirling engines are merged in said new cycle.

Abstract translation: 用于将热能转换成电能的方法和装置。 一种电化学浓度电池在高温下的热操作。 通过机械压缩机氢或氧在低温下被压缩，然后经由浓差电池的热交换器送入。 本分压导致离子流，其产生可在电极处被分接的电流。 与机械压缩机的电能的一部分被操作。 燃料电池和斯特林发动机的优点结合在这新的周期。

公开(公告)号：WO0010189A8

公开(公告)日：2007-08-23

申请号：PCT/US9917534

申请日：1999-08-02

Applicant: FITZGERALD DAVID

Inventor： FITZGERALD DAVID

IPC: H01J45/00

CPC classification number: H01J45/00

公开(公告)号：WO2007070524A2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-21

申请号：PCT/US2006/047403

申请日：2006-12-12

Applicant: KRIISA RESEARCH INC. ,  KRIISA, Toomas

Inventor： KRIISA, Toomas

CPC classification number: H01L35/02 ,  H01J45/00 ,  H01L35/00 ,  H01L35/34 ,  H02N3/00

Abstract: A current source and method of producing the current source are provided. The current source includes a metal source, a buffer layer, a filter and a collector. An electrical connection is provided to the metal layer and semiconductor layer and a magnetic field applier may be also provided. The source metal has localized states at a bottom of the conduction band and probability amplification. The interaction of the various layers produces a spontaneous current. The movement of charge across the current source produces a voltage, which rises until a balancing reverse current appears. If a load is connected to the current source, current flows through the load and power is dissipated. The energy for this comes from the thermal energy in the current source, and the device gets cooler.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种电流源和产生电流源的方法。 电流源包括金属源，缓冲层，过滤器和集电器。 向金属层和半导体层提供电连接，并且还可以提供磁场施加器。 源极金属在导带的底部具有局部化状态和概率放大。 各层的相互作用产生自发电流。 跨过电流源的电荷的运动产生电压，其升高直到出现平衡反向电流。 如果负载连接到电流源，则电流流过负载并且功率消耗。 这些能源来自电流源的热能，器件变冷。

公开(公告)号：WO2005106919A1

公开(公告)日：2005-11-10

申请号：PCT/RU2004/000168

申请日：2004-04-28

IPC: H01J45/00

CPC classification number: H01J45/00

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for directly converting heat energy into electric power consisting in carrying out heat transmission from a moving heat carrier to thermionic elements and in simultaneously heating said heat carrier through a channel wall from the other hotter part thereof, thereby stabilising a temperature in an energy conversion area. Said thermionic elements are disposed in the hermetic enclosure of a thermionic emission generator in the form of segments which form rings around the heat carrier channel in such a way that a screw trajectory is formed when the heat carrier moving from the channel output along the external part thereof in an inverse direction flows though inter-ring spaces, wherein said motion continues until the temperature of a waste flow is reduced in such a way that it is lower than the temperature of thermal emission of electrons. The inventive generator is embodied in the form of a cylindrical enclosure provided with a device for supplying a heat carrier flow from an external source, a device for removing a waste heat carrier flow and thermionic elements which are arranged inside said enclosure in the form of rings assembled from individual segments and interconnected in the form of a single electric circuit.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种直接将热能转换成电能的方法，该方法包括从运动的热载体向热电元件进行热传递，同时通过其他较热部分的通道壁同时加热所述热载体，从而稳定温度 在能量转换领域。 所述热离子元件设置在热离子发射发生器的密封外壳中，其形式为以热交换器通道形成环的形式，使得当热载体从沿着外部部分输出的通道移动时形成螺杆轨迹 其反向流动通过环间空间流动，其中所述运动持续直到废物流的温度降低，使得其低于电子的热发射温度。 本发明的发电机体现为圆柱形外壳的形式，其具有用于从外部源供应热载体流的装置，用于去除废热载体流的装置和以环形形式布置在所述外壳内的热离子元件 从单个部件组装并以单个电路的形式互连。

公开(公告)号：WO2004036724A3

公开(公告)日：2004-07-01

申请号：PCT/US0328850

申请日：2003-09-12

Applicant: ENECO INC

Inventor： KUCHEROV YAN R ,  HAGELSTEIN PETER L

IPC: H01L29/06 ,  H01J45/00 ,  H01L29/66 ,  H01L31/00 ,  H01L35/00 ,  H01L37/00 ,  H02M20060101 ,  H02N1/00 ,  H02N2/00 ,  H02N3/00 ,  H02N10/00

CPC classification number: H01L35/00 ,  H01J45/00

Abstract: Tunneling-effect converters of thermal energy to electricity with an emitter and a collector separated from each by a distance that is comparable to atomic dimensions and where tunneling effect plays an important role in the charge movement from the emitter to the collector across the gap separating such emitter and collector. At least one of the emitter and collector structures includes a flexible structure. Tunneling-effect converters include devices that convert thermal energy to electrical energy and devices that provide refrigeration when electric power is supplied to such devices.

Abstract translation: 将发射器和收集器分开的距离相当于原子尺寸的隧道效应转换器，其中隧道效应在从发射器到收集器的电荷移动中穿过分隔开的间隙发挥重要作用 发射器和收集器。 发射极和集电极结构中的至少一个包括柔性结构。 隧道效应转换器包括将热能转换成电能的器件和当向这些器件供电时提供制冷的器件。