The invention belongs to the fine particle preparation field of natural high polymer material, in particular to fine particle of amphiphilic starch derivative and a preparation method thereof. the invention controls group with hydrophobic property to be connected to part of hydroxyl (group) of starch macromolecule, or be grafted and copolymerizated small amount of lipophilic polymer chain on partof hydroxyl (group) of starch macromolecule; therefore, the hydrophobic property of starch macromolecule is kept while the substituting group with hydrophobic property or the polymer chain provides lipophilicity. The amphiphilic starch derivative has special property; the amphiphilic starch derivative still has hydrophobic property, but the water-absorbing swelling property of the starch is inhibited. The existence of the group with hydrophobic property or the polymer chain with hydrophobic property breaks the hydrogen bond and the crystallinity of starch macromolecule. The interfacial compatibility between the prepared fine particle of amphiphilic starch derivative and polymeric matrix such as rubber is improved; the prepared fine particle of amphiphilic starch derivative can be used in materials of green tire to be taken as functionalized filling to substitute for carbon black and white carbon black, and also can be used in environmental-friendly materials and the products thereof, thus having broad applying prospect.