The present invention provides a high-speed area array camera axis system traverse vibration measuring device and the traverse vibration measuring method thereof. The measuring device comprises an initial mark which is arranged on the common visual field of two high-speed area array cameras on the measured axis, two high-speed area array cameras which are arranged in one vertical plane with primary optical axes becoming a certain angle, two high-speed area array cameras are aligned to a same segment of the measured axis and are approximately with the measured axis, and the two high-speed area array cameras is connected to the data processing and control unit and the human-machine interaction interface. When the axis rotates the imaging surface of two high-speed area array cameras respectively catch a group of upper-and-lower edge wires of the measured axis varying continually, and two traverse vibration components at random place of the segment of the measured axis can be obtained by the middle line of the upper-and-lower edge line; and with the method of orthogonal synthesizing the traverse vibration state and axial center track at random place of the segment of the measured axis can be obtained. The invention has the advantages of convenient actualizing, relatively simpler picture signal, no sensitivity to the light intensity or gray scale, no high requirement to the light source and high measurement precision.