The invention relates to a high-power self-cooled thyristor valve and a vehicle for assembling the same. The invention is characterized in that: a single-phase thyristor valve body comprises two thyristor valve string, and insulating tension rods, flanges, radiating fins, high-potential trigger plates, energy-taking magnetic rings, high-voltage energy-transmitting cables and a plurality of retaining nuts which are symmetrically distributed; every two thyristors are in positive and negative parallel connection with each other through flexible cables on the radiating fins to form a thyristor valve unit; a plurality of thyristor valve units form a thyristor valve string through parallel connection and upright stacking; radiating fins are pressed between each layer of thyristor valve units atintervals; the two thyristor valve strings form a single-phase thyristor valve through positive and negative parallel connection; both ends of the insulating tension rods are respectively fastened between an upper flange and a lower flange through the retaining nuts; the high-voltage energy-transmitting cables are connected to the inside of the thyristor valve body through the energy-taking magnetic rings of the high-potential trigger plates; the single-phase thyristor valve body inputs and outputs current through two moving contacts; the two moving contacts and the thyristor valve body are fixed together through copper bars which are fixed on the upper end and the lower end of the insulating tension rods through the flanges; and annealed copper sheets which are communicated with the radiating fins are arranged on the copper bars.