The invention relates to an efficient data compression technique, in particular to a vector code book quantizer which is used in speech coding and image compressing systems and is based on particle swarm. The technique of the invention is characterized in that the vector code book quantizer is designed according to the combined proposal of particle swarm optimization and simulated annealing; in the process of designing the vector code book quantizer, an empty cell processing proposal newly posted is adopted to solve the problem of empty cells. The vector code book quantizer based on the particle swarm of the invention can be realized by software simulation. According to the evaluation of unofficial hearing tests of speech which is obtained after the vector code book quantizer being coded and reconstructed through the adoption of speech data, the speech reconstructed by the newly posted method is better than the speech reconstructed based on the particle swarm optimization no matter inthe aspect of clarity, naturalness or comprehensibility.