The invention belongs to the field of machinery manufacturing, in particular to a method for the research of the structural deformation in the process of marine crankshaft hot jacket as well as measures of deformation prevention, which are suitable for the design and the manufacturing process of a large-scale marine crankshaft hot jacket. The invention adopts the computer simulation technology toresearch the structural deformation rules of the process of the crankshaft part hot jacket under the traditional processing, and then quantitatively provides the method for preventing the structural deformation of the marine crankshaft hot jacket according to the structural deformation rules of the crankshaft part under the traditional processing. The method can quantitatively research the structural deformation rules of the process of the crankshaft hot jacket, and can avoid the deformation according to the preventive measures. The marine crankshaft obtained in the hot jacket way by the preventive measures can obviously reduce (even eliminate) the structural deformation caused by asymmetric geometry around the hot jacket holes, reduces reserved processing allowance during the rough machining of the parts and the difficulty of follow-up cold working, and shortens the production cycle of the crankshaft.