A limiting and unloading device of movable blades on a vertical-axis wind turbine relates to a limiting and unloading device. The invention provides two schemes to solve the problem that the movable blades on the existing vertical-axis wind turbine fail to overcome the wind resistance and effectively unload in strong wind. In the first scheme, an angular contact ball bearing is mounted in the center hole of a limiting seat; an axial magnet groove is formed on the limiting seat; an iron block, a telescopic shaft and an electromagnet are arranged from top to bottom in the axial magnet groove; aspring is mounted in a housing; two connecting rods are arranged in two limiting grooves respectively, one end of each connecting rod is connected with the iron block and the other end thereof is connected with a pawl which can rotate around a connecting piece; and the top end of the pawl is in contact with a limiting baffle. The difference between the first scheme and the second scheme is as follows: the telescopic shaft is not arranged in the axial magnet groove, a torsional spring is sleeved on the connecting piece together with the pawl; and the two ends of the torsional spring are connected with the pawl and the limiting seat respectively. The invention limits the deflection angles of the movable blades on the vertical-axis wind turbine, and avoids the problems that the higher the rotating speed of the blade is, the larger the deflection angle becomes, and the vertical-axis wind turbine fails to unload when wind resistance and strong wind are generated.