The invention provides a spreading decompressing device for a vertebral spinal process, and relates to an optional internal fixation implantable apparatus in the treatment of surgical operation for treating nerve intermittent vascular claudication caused by narrow spinal carnal; the device comprises a left spreading decompressing block, a right spreading decompressing block and a movable locatingpin; the left spreading decompressing block and the right spreading decompressing block are connected and located by the movable locating pin, and the left spreading decompressing block and the rightspreading decompressing block rotate relatively, a connecting groove is arranged at one side of the left spreading decompressing block, a connecting pin hole is arranged on the connecting groove, andthe other side of the left spreading decompressing block is provided with a locating buckle; one side of the right spreading decompressing block is provided with a connecting end, a connecting pin hole is arranged on the connecting end, and a locating clamping groove is arranged at the other side of the right spreading decompressing block, the connecting end of the right spreading decompressing block is inserted in the connecting groove of the left spreading decompressing block and is movably connected with the connecting groove of the left spreading decompressing block by the movable locating pin. V-shaped fixing swings are both arranged on the left spreading decompressing block and the right spreading decompressing block, and the V-shaped fixing swings are provided with V-shaped rabbets.