The invention discloses a method for hydrogenating thiofuran by using magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (a) preparing hydrogen storage materials by using activated carbon, iron, manganese and magnesium as raw materials; and (b) enabling the thiofuran to be in contact with the hydrogen storage materials obtained in the step (a) for reacting under the temperature condition of 250-350 DEG C to generate hydrogen sulfide. In the steps, the activated carbon is used as a carrier for carrying the iron and the manganese by an immersion method, and then, the carrier reacts with magnesium powder in hydrogen gas to prepare the hydrogen storage materials by ball milling. In the invention, the magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials are used as hydrogen sources and catalysts for hydrogenating the thiofuran to enable the thiofuran to be hydrogenated and converted into the hydrogen sulfide, rare metal catalysts and heavy metal catalysts are not used, the reaction pressure is not higher than 1.0MPa, the reaction temperature is not higher than 350 DEG C, and the requirement for the material quality of a hydrogenation reactor is low.