The invention provides a method for characterizing the color of characteristic tobacco by place of origin. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: statistically regarding the random distribution of colors on the surface of tobacco as a fractal structure, and acquiring the high-accuracy digital image of the tobacco and carrying out the background removing and segmenting treatment; calculating the fractal dimensions corresponding to different threshold parameters of each color intensity (red, green, blue and luminance) of the tobacco, taking the fractal dimensions as the indexes for describing the distribution of the colors on the surface of tobacco on a quantified basis, and plotting the fractal dimension variation curve of each color intensity, which can reflect the distribution of the colors on the surface of the tobacco on an overall basis; and characterizing the color of characteristic tobacco by place of origin by using the fractal dimension variation curve. The method for establish the characterization of the color of the tobacco can reflect the characteristics of spatial distribution of colors and include the characteristic of accumulation. The fractal dimension variation curve can reflect the distribution of the colors on the surface of the tobacco on an overall basis, thereby reflecting the provincial characteristics in the color expression of the tobacco in different places of origin in China.