The invention provides a simple and cheap system and a method for collecting and storing natural cold sources, belonging to the technical field of refrigeration. In the invention, a ground heat exchange system which consists of a high-efficiency steam-heat exchanger and a heat transfer medium and a underground cold storage heat exchange system which consists of a plurality of ice storage pools are adopted, so that the efficiency of the system of the invention is higher than the that of the traditional similar refrigeration unit; and a control system is used for controlling the operation of the system. The system and the method can be simply and easily used, do not need manual irrigation operation, improve the efficiency of the cold storage system, and not only can provide stable cold sources for refrigeration engineering but also can be used a form for acquiring ice in improper seasons.