The invention provides application of streptozotocin with low dosage in preparing an animal model for sieving drugs for treating autoimmune 1 type diabetes. The application method and dosage of the streptozotocin is 15-30mg/kg once by veins administration. The invention also provides method for preparing a rhesus autoimmune 1 type diabetes model, and autoimmune 1 type diabetes animal model prepared by the method. The animal model can be used for the evaluation of the biotechnology new drug which can not be evaluated by the rodent animal model, and the evaluation of the stem cell transplantation treating technology.