The invention discloses a routing method for a heterogeneous network based on cognition, mainly solving the problem that the existing method considers only part of environment factors of the network, and neglects the dynamic complexity of a heterogeneous network environment so as not to cognize and predict the environment. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, judging the types of the existing available networks, perceiving a network environment state, evaluating the network environment state by using a Q-learning method and calculating end-to-end time delay and the estimated values thereof; secondly, using a utility function based on multiple parameters to obtain the utility values of various networks according to the perceived network environment state; then selecting the network with the biggest utility value by a probability of P=0.9, and selecting other available networks as target networks by the probability of 1-P; and finally continuously transmitting businesses, implementing network switch and updating the network environment state by the target networks. The routing method improves the utilization ratio of network resources, achieves load balance of the network and can be used in the heterogeneous network environment.