The invention relates to a cooling device of a small central furnace cover of an electric arc furnace, which is characterized by being provided with an annular pipeline (1); a water inlet pipe (2) is arranged on the annular pipeline (1); the other side of the annular pipeline which is opposite to the water inlet pipe (2) is broken off and provided with an opening (3), and pipeline ports (4) at both sides of the opening (3) are sealed; and the lower part of the annular pipeline (1) is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes (5) which are uniformly distributed and outwards inclined a certain angle. The cooling device is installed above the small central furnace cover of the electric arc furnace, has simple structure and convenient use, and can reduce the temperature of the small central furnace cover, especially the temperature of an electrode hole triangular area, and prolong the service life of the small furnace cover mainly by utilizing the functions of direct cooling and vaporization cooling of water, on the premise of not damaging a small central furnace cover refractory material.